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# All infants within first 2 years; progress: reactive pain and pleasure → complex patterns of socio-emotional awareness. ## Primary emotions: innate and universal * colic - uncontrollable crying; subsides by 3 months * social smile; evoked by a human face; affected by age since conception * 6 mon...

# All infants within first 2 years; progress: reactive pain and pleasure → complex patterns of socio-emotional awareness. ## Primary emotions: innate and universal * colic - uncontrollable crying; subsides by 3 months * social smile; evoked by a human face; affected by age since conception * 6 months; anger appears * Sadness; may appear in the early months; indicates withdrawal instead of help ## Fear is affected by: * awareness of discrepancy * Temperament * Social context ## Social fear; increases middle of first year then decreases * Separation anxiety; begins at age 1, intensifies at age 2 then subsides * Stranger wariness; fear of unfamiliar people If persistent after age 3, may become a disorder; adulthood: may have generalized anxiety disorder or social phobia. 1 year ago olds wary of the unexpected with repeated experience and reassurance they will overcome it. ## Secondary emotions: involve awareness of other people ## Self-awareness: the realization that one's body, mind and activities are distinct from others. * 15 and 24 months babies become self-aware ## Temperament: differences between one person and another in emotions, activity and self-regulation; measured by the person's typical responses to the environment. * begins with genes and prenatal determinants * it affects everything; even basic behaviors ## Three distinct temperament traits: * Effortful control; regulating attention and emotion, self-soothing * Negative mood; fearful, unhappy * Exuberance; active, social Too much stress and fear causes the brain to grow more slowly; fewer dendrites develop. * Immune system is also impaired Caregiver behavior infancy may affect emotional responses in the adult brain. Sep 10 ## Three aspects of social involvement: * Synchrony; early parent-infant interactions; helps infants develop social skills; absence is a troubling sign for future emotional and brain development * Still-face tech. suggests synchrony is experience-expectant