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# 5.2 TYPES OF CAPACITORS Known types of capacitors are: 1. Leyden jar 2. Fixed capacitor 3. Variable capacitor 4. Electrolytic capacitor ## 1. LEYDEN JAR This consists of two coated metal sheets, one on the inside and the other on the outside of a glass vessel. It has a metal knob and a rod con...

# 5.2 TYPES OF CAPACITORS Known types of capacitors are: 1. Leyden jar 2. Fixed capacitor 3. Variable capacitor 4. Electrolytic capacitor ## 1. LEYDEN JAR This consists of two coated metal sheets, one on the inside and the other on the outside of a glass vessel. It has a metal knob and a rod connected to the inner metal. It can be charged with a battery and discharged by bringing a wire into contact with the knob on one end and the outer coating on the other. **(Figure 5.3: Leyden Jar)** *(Diagram of a Leyden jar, showing inner and outer coatings.)* ## 2. FIXED CAPACITOR The fixed capacitor is a compact type of capacitor of high fixed capacitance. It is used where capacitors of fixed capacitance are required, such as in wireless sets. The advantages of these capacitors are that they are cheap and have a low rating. ## 3. VARIABLE CAPACITOR A variable capacitor is an adjustable capacitor with variable capacitance obtained by adjusting the effective area of overlap of two sets of semicircular plates which are made of brass or aluminum, separated with air or oil to act as a dielectric. They are used in tuning controls. ## 4. ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR This type of capacitor is similar to a fixed type. It consists of two long sheets of aluminum foil separated by muslin soaked in ammonium borate solution. The sheets are rolled up into an insulated case with connecting terminals. When connected to a DC source (battery), a thin coat of aluminum oxide is formed at the anode. The oxide acts as the dielectric. Note: The document also includes a section titled "ADVANTAG/DISADVAN". Unfortunately, the text is truncated and not fully legible in the image.