Fungi Reproduction PDF
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Uploaded by LuckyNash1055
Lebanese University - Faculty of Sciences
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Summary
This document details fungal reproduction, covering both sexual and asexual methods. It discusses the various stages and structures involved in the process. Types of fungi and their reproductive strategies are also included.
Full Transcript
# Chapter 4: Reproduction of Fungi - Fungi reproduce sexually & asexually. - Haploids stage → diploid stage. - Ascomycota & Basidiomycota go through dikaryotic stage. - They can be beneficial or parasitic. ## Structure of Fungi: - **Hyphae**: Filaments made up of cells - Example: Coenocytic. - **My...
# Chapter 4: Reproduction of Fungi - Fungi reproduce sexually & asexually. - Haploids stage → diploid stage. - Ascomycota & Basidiomycota go through dikaryotic stage. - They can be beneficial or parasitic. ## Structure of Fungi: - **Hyphae**: Filaments made up of cells - Example: Coenocytic. - **Mycelium**: A network of hyphae. - **Sporangium**: Located at the tip of hyphae + they are responsible for the production of spores. ## Asexual Reproduction: - **Budding**: Formation of a bud. - Example: Unicellular yeast (*Saccharomyces*). - **Fragmentation**: A long mycelium separates into pieces → Each piece grows into a new mycelium. ## Spore Formation: - Example: Basidiomycota. - Unfavorable conditions → Dormant. - Favorable conditions → Active. - Not Flagellated (*Cephanogamy*). - **Conidia**: Exogenous spores (outside the sporangia). - **Sporangia Spore**: Spores (inside the sporangia). ### Examples: - **Conidia**: Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, *Penicillium*. - **Sporangia Spore**: *Rhizopus*. ## Sexual Reproduction - Ascomycota = Sac fungi - **Antheridium**: Male gametangium, present on its mycelium (-) - **Ascogonium**: Female gametangium, present on its mycelium (+) ## Steps of Reproduction - The hyphae of (+) & (-) strains become closely associated. - The male nuclei of the antheridium pass into the ascogonium via the trichogyne, which is an extension of the ascogonium. → Plasmogamy occurs - New dikaryotic hyphae develop from this fused structure. - The cells at the tip of these hyphae form asci (sing. ascus) → Sac-like structure. - These cells (asci) undergo karyogamy. - These asci, along with the sterile filaments (paraphyses), are embedded in an ascocarp. - After karyogamy (in asci), meiosis occurs → Production of ascospores. - The ascospores are disseminated and germinate to form new haploid mycelium. - Asexual conidia may be produced by the haploid mycelium (10).
