xam

uctor. See 310.15(E). Solid-State Sine Wave Dimmer. A solid-state dimmer where the wave shape of the steady-state current follows the wave shape of the applied voltage such that the wave shape is linear. (CMP-15) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Some professional performance lighting systems us...

uctor. See 310.15(E). Solid-State Sine Wave Dimmer. A solid-state dimmer where the wave shape of the steady-state current follows the wave shape of the applied voltage such that the wave shape is linear. (CMP-15) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Some professional performance lighting systems use a solid-state, 3-phase, 4-wire dimming system whose wave shape varies with the amplitude of the applied voltage wave shape without any of the nonlinear switching found in phase-control solid-state dimmers. Because solid-state sine wave dimmers are linear loads, they do not require the neutral to be considered a current-carrying conductor. Spa or Hot Tub. A hydromassage pool, or tub for recreational or therapeutic use, not located in health care facilities, designed for immersion of users, and usually having a filter, heater, and motor-driven blower. It may be installed indoors or outdoors, on the ground or supporting structure, or in the ground or supporting structure. Generally, they are not designed or intended to have its contents drained or discharged after each use. (680) (CMP-17) Spa or Hot Tub, Packaged Equipment Assembly. (Packaged Spa or Hot Tub Equipment Assembly) A factory-fabricated unit consisting of water-circulating, heating, and control equipment mounted on a common base, intended to operate a spa or hot tub. Equipment can include pumps, air blowers, heaters, lights, controls, sanitizer generators, and so forth. (680) (CMP-17) Spa or Hot Tub, Self-Contained. (Self-Contained Spa or Hot Tub) Factory-fabricated unit consisting of a spa or hot tub vessel with all water-circulating, heating, and control equipment integral to the unit. Equipment can include pumps, air blowers, heaters, lights, controls, sanitizer generators, and so forth. (680) (CMP-17) Spa or Hot Tub, Storable. (Storable Spa or Hot Tub) Spas or hot tubs installed entirely on or above the ground that are intended to be stored when not in use and are designed for ease of relocation. (680) (CMP-17) Space. A portion of the health care facility designated by the health care facility’s governing body that serves a specific purpose. [99:3.3.171] (517) (CMP-15) Special Permission. The written consent of the authority having jurisdiction. (CMP-1) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse The AHJ for enforcement of the NEC is responsible for making interpretations and granting special permission as outlined in a number of the rules as stated in 90.4. See also 110.26(A)(1)(b) and 230.2(B) for requirements governing special permission situations. Special Protection “s”. Type of protection that permits design, assessment, and testing of equipment that cannot be fully assessed within a recognized type of protection or combination of recognized types of protection because of functional or operational limitations, but that can be demonstrated to provide the necessary equipment protection level (EPL). (CMP-14) Informational Note: See ANSI/UL 60079-33, Explosive Atmospheres — Part 33: Equipment Protection by Special Protection “s”, for additional information. Special-Purpose Multi-Circuit Cable System. A portable branch-circuit distribution system consisting of one or more trunk cables and optional breakout assemblies or multi-circuit outlet enclosures. (520) (CMP-15) Spider (Cable Splicing Block). A device that contains busbars that are insulated from each other for the purpose of splicing or distributing power to portable cables and cords that are terminated with single-pole busbar connectors. (530) (CMP-15) Spin Down. A shutdown condition of the FESS, where energy is being dissipated and the flywheel rotor is slowing down to a stop. (706) (CMP-13) Informational Note: A complete stop of a flywheel rotor cannot occur instantaneously because of the high kinetic energy of the rotor, but rather occurs over time as a result of friction forces acting on the rotor. Splash Pad. A fountain intended for recreational use by pedestrians and designed to contain no more than 25 mm (1 in.) of water depth. This definition does not include showers intended for hygienic rinsing prior to use of a pool, spa, or other water feature. (680) (CMP-17) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Splash pads do not completely immerse users in water; nevertheless, they are wet, their body resistances are lowered, and nothing precludes someone from lying on the splash pad surface where a voltage gradient could exist. Ohm’s law tells us that a greater difference of potential across a resistance (a person laying on the splash pad) results in higher current. For all the same reasons that electrical installations associated with a permanently installed swimming pool, including equipotential bonding, exist, splash pads, even though considered to be fountains and subject to the requirements of Parts I and V of Article 680, are also required to comply with Part II for permanently installed swimming pools. See also 680.50 for more information on the applicability of various parts of Article 680 to splash pads. Spray Area. Any fully enclosed, partly enclosed, or unenclosed area in which flammable or combustible vapors, mists, residues, dusts, or deposits are present due to the operation of spray processes, including: any area in the direct path of a spray application process; the interior of a spray booth, spray room, or limited finishing workstation, as herein defined; the interior of any exhaust plenum, eliminator section, or scrubber section; the interior of any exhaust duct or exhaust stack leading from a spray application process; the interior of any air recirculation path up to and including recirculation particulate filters; any solvent concentrator (pollution abatement) unit or solvent recovery (distillation) unit; and the inside of a membrane enclosure. The following are not part of the spray area: fresh air make-up units; air supply ducts and air supply plenums; recirculation air supply ducts downstream of recirculation particulate filters; and exhaust ducts from solvent concentrator (pollution abatement) units. [33:3.3.2.3] (CMP-14) Informational Note No. 1: Unenclosed spray areas are locations outside of buildings or are localized operations within a larger room or space. Such areas are normally provided with some local vapor extraction/ventilation system. In automated operations, the area limits are the maximum area in the direct path of spray operations. In manual operations, the area limits are the maximum area of spray when aimed at 90 degrees to the application surface. Informational Note No. 2: See definitions for limited finishing workstation and membrane enclosure for additional information. Spray Area, Outdoor. (Outdoor Spray Area) A spray area that is outside the confines of a building or that has a canopy or roof that does not limit the dissipation of the heat of a fire or dispersion of flammable vapors and does not restrict fire-fighting access and control. For the purpose of this standard, an outdoor spray area can be treated as an unenclosed spray area as defined in this Code. [33:3.3.2.3.1] (CMP-14) Spray Area, Unenclosed. (Unenclosed Spray Area) Any spray area that is not confined by a limited finishing workstation, spray booth, or spray room, as herein defined. [33:3.3.2.3.2] (CMP-14) Spray Booth. A power-ventilated enclosure for a spray application operation or process that confines and limits the escape of the material being sprayed, including vapors, mists, dusts, and residues that are produced by the spraying operation and conducts or directs these materials to an exhaust system. [33:3.3.19] (CMP-14) Informational Note: A spray booth is an enclosure or insert within a larger room used for spraying, coating, and/or dipping applications. A spray booth can be fully enclosed or have open front or face and can include a separate conveyor entrance and exit. The spray booth is provided with a dedicated ventilation exhaust with supply air from the larger room or from a dedicated air supply. Spray Room. A power-ventilated fully enclosed room with a specified fire resistance rating used exclusively for open spraying of flammable or combustible materials. [33:3.3.20] (CMP-14) Stage Effect (Special Effect). An electrical or electromechanical piece of equipment used to simulate a distinctive visual or audible effect, such as a wind machine, lightning simulator, or sunset projector. (CMP-15) Stage Equipment. Equipment at any location on the premises integral to the stage production including, but not limited to, equipment for lighting, audio, special effects, rigging, motion control, projection, or video. (520) (CMP-15) Stage Lighting Hoist. A motorized lifting device that contains a mounting position for one or more luminaires, with wiring devices for connection of luminaires to branch circuits, and integral flexible cables to allow the luminaires to travel over the lifting range of the hoist while energized. (520) (CMP-15) Stage Property. An article or object used as a visual element in a motion picture or television production, except painted backgrounds (scenery) and costumes. (530) (CMP-15) Stage Set. A specific area set up with temporary scenery and properties designed and arranged for a particular scene in a motion picture or television production. (CMP-15) Stage Switchboard, Fixed. (Fixed Stage Switchboard) A permanently installed switchboard, panelboard, or rack containing dimmers or relays with associated overcurrent protective devices, or overcurrent protective devices alone, used primarily to feed stage equipment. (CMP-15) Stage Switchboard, Portable. (Portable Stage Switchboard) A portable rack or pack containing dimmers or relays with associated overcurrent protective devices, or overcurrent protective devices alone, used to feed stage equipment. (520) (CMP-15) Stand Lamp. A portable stand that contains a general-purpose luminaire or lampholder with guard for the purpose of providing general illumination on a stage, in an auditorium, or in a studio. (520) (CMP-15) Stand-Alone System. A system that is not connected to an electric power production and distribution network. (CMP-4) Stationary (as applied to equipment). Equipment that is not moved from one place to another in normal use. (680) (CMP-17) Storage, Dry Stack. (Dry Stack Storage) A facility, either covered or uncovered, constructed of horizontal and vertical structural members designed to allow placement of small boats in defined slots arranged both horizontally and vertically. [303:3.3.24.2] (555) (CMP-7) Stored-Energy Power Supply System (SEPSS). A complete functioning EPSS powered by a stored-energy electrical source. (CMP-13) Stranding, Compact. (Compact Stranding) A conductor stranding method in which each layer of strands is pressed together to minimize the gaps between the strands so the overall diameter of the finished conductor is less than a concentric stranded conductor and less than a compressed stranded conductor. (CMP-6) Stranding, Compressed. (Compressed Stranding) A conductor stranding method in which the outer layer of strands is pressed together so the overall diameter of the finished conductor is less than a concentric stranded conductor but greater than a compact stranded conductor. (CMP-6) Stranding, Concentric. (Concentric Stranding) A conductor consisting of a straight central strand surrounded by one or more layers of strands, helically laid in a geometric pattern. (CMP-6) Strip Light. A luminaire with multiple lamps arranged in a row. (520) (CMP-15) Structure. That which is built or constructed, other than equipment. (CMP-1) Structure, Relocatable. (Relocatable Structure) A factory-assembled structure or structures transportable in one or more sections that are built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as other than a dwelling unit without a permanent foundation. (545) (CMP-7) Informational Note: Examples of relocatable structures are those units that are equipped for sleeping purposes only, contractor’s and other on-site offices, construction job dormitories, studio dressing rooms, banks, clinics, stores, shower facilities and restrooms, training centers, or for the display or demonstration of merchandise or machines. ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse The addition of the reference to relocatable structures and the conductors that connect them to the supply of electricity are necessary to properly address structures such as mobile office units, mobile classrooms, mobile restrooms and shower facilities, mobile break rooms, mobile training centers, and other non-dwelling types of relocatable structures. Subassembly. Component parts or a segment of a sign, retrofit kit, or outline lighting system that, when assembled, forms a complete unit or product. (600) (CMP-18) Substation. An assemblage of equipment (e.g., switches, interrupting devices, circuit breakers, buses, and transformers) through which electric energy is passed for the purpose of distribution, switching, or modifying its characteristics. (CMP-9) Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA). An electronic system that provides monitoring and controls for the operation of the critical operations power system. (CMP-13) Informational Note: This can include the fire alarm system, security system, control of the HVAC, the start/stop/monitoring of the power supplies and electrical distribution system, annunciation and communications equipment to emergency personnel, facility occupants, and remote operators. Support Areas. Areas, other than fixed production offices, intended to support production and where image capture will not take place. Such areas include, but are not limited to, mobile production offices, storage, and workspaces; vehicles and trailers for cast, makeup, hair, lighting, grip, wardrobe, props, catering, and craft services; and portable restrooms. (530) (CMP-15) Surge Arrester. A protective device for limiting surge voltages by discharging or bypassing surge current; it also prevents continued flow of follow current while remaining capable of repeating these functions. (CMP-10) Surge-Protective Device (SPD). A protective device for limiting transient voltages by diverting or limiting surge current; it also prevents continued flow of follow current while remaining capable of repeating these functions and is designated as follows: Type 1: Permanently connected SPDs intended for installation between the secondary of the service transformer and the line side of the service disconnect overcurrent device Type 2: Permanently connected SPDs intended for installation on the load side of the service disconnect overcurrent device, including SPDs located at the branch panel Type 3: Point of utilization SPDs Type 4: Component SPDs, including discrete components, as well as assemblies. (CMP-10) Informational Note: See UL 1449, Standard for Surge Protective Devices, for further information on SPDs. Suspended Ceiling Grid. A system that serves as a support for a finished ceiling surface and other utilization equipment. (393) (CMP-18) Switch, General-Use. (General-Use Switch) A switch intended for use in general distribution and branch circuits. It is rated in amperes, and it is capable of interrupting its rated current at its rated voltage. (CMP-9) Switch, General-Use Snap. (General-Use Snap Switch) A form of general-use switch constructed so that it can be installed in device boxes or on box covers, or otherwise used in conjunction with wiring systems recognized by this Code. (CMP-9) Switch, Isolating. (Isolating Switch) A switch intended for isolating an electrical circuit from the source of power. It has no interrupting rating, and it is intended to be operated only after the circuit has been opened by some other means. (CMP-9) Switch, Motor-Circuit. (Motor-Circuit Switch) A switch rated in horsepower that is capable of interrupting the maximum operating overload current of a motor of the same horsepower rating as the switch at the rated voltage. (CMP-11) Switchboard. A large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted on the face, back, or both, switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments.(CMP-9) Informational Note: These assemblies can be accessible from the rear or side as well as from the front and are not intended to be instal⁠led in cabinets. Switchgear. An assembly completely enclosed on all sides and top with sheet metal (except for ventilating openings and inspection windows) and containing primary power circuit switching, interrupting devices, or both, with buses and connections. The assembly may include control and auxiliary devices. Access to the interior of the enclosure is provided by doors, removable covers, or both. (CMP-9) Informational Note: All switchgear subject to NEC requirements is metal enclosed. Switchgear rated below 1000 V or less may be identified as “low-voltage power circuit breaker switchgear.” Switchgear rated over 1000 V may be identified as “metal-enclosed switchgear” or “metal-clad switchgear.” Switchgear is available in non–arc-resistant or arc-resistant constructions. Switching Device(as applied to equipment rated over 1000 volts ac, 1500 volts dc, nominal). A device designed to close, open, or both, one or more electrical circuits. (CMP-9) Cutout. An assembly of a fuse support with either a fuseholder, fuse carrier, or disconnecting blade. The fuseholder or fuse carrier may include a conducting element (fuse link) or may act as the disconnecting blade by the inclusion of a nonfusible member. Disconnecting Switch (or Isolating Switch). A mechanical switching device used for isolating a circuit or equipment from a source of power. Interrupter Switch. A switching device capable of making, carrying, and interrupting specified currents. Oil-Filled Cutout. A cutout in which all or part of the fuse support and its fuse link or disconnecting blade is mounted in oil with complete immersion of the contacts and the fusible portion of the conducting element (fuse link) so that arc interruption by severing of the fuse link or by opening of the contacts will occur under oil. Oil Switch. A switching device having contacts that operate under oil (or askarel or other suitable liquid). Regulator Bypass Switch. A switching device or combination of switching devices designed to bypass equipment used to control voltage levels or related circuit characteristics. System Isolation Equipment. A redundantly monitored, remotely operated contactor-isolating system, packaged to provide the disconnection/isolation function, capable of verifiable operation from multiple remote locations by means of lockout switches, each having the capability of being padlocked in the “off” (open) position. (430) (CMP-11) Tap Conductor. A conductor, other than a service conductor, that has overcurrent protection ahead of its point of supply that exceeds the value permitted for similar conductors that are protected as described elsewhere in 240.4. (240) (CMP-10) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Tap conductors are branch-circuit and feeder conductors subject to the conditional overcurrent protection requirements specified in 240.21. The general requirement is for conductor overcurrent protection to be provided at the point a conductor is supplied. Section 240.21 allows for the installation of branch-circuit and feeder conductors that are protected against overcurrent using an OCPD downstream of the point of supply. Short-circuit and ground-fault protection is provided upstream of the tap. The exhibit below illustrates a 1/0 AWG, Type THW (thermoplastic heat and water-resistant wire) copper conductor (150 amperes, from Table 310.16) connected to a 3/0 AWG, Type THW copper feeder conductor with an ampacity of 200 amperes (increased in size to compensate for voltage drop) that is protected by a 150-ampere OCPD. Because the ampacity of the 1/0 AWG conductor is not exceeded by the rating of the overcurrent device, the 1/0 AWG conductor is not considered to be a tap conductor. The overcurrent device protects both the 1/0 AWG and the 3/0 AWG conductors in accordance with the basic rule of 240.4, and additional overcurrent protection is not required at the supply point or the termination point of the 1/0 AWG conductors. Task Illumination. Provisions for the minimum lighting required to carry out necessary tasks in the areas described in 517.34(A), including safe access to supplies and equipment and access to exits. [99:3.3.177] (517) (CMP-15) Technical Power System. An electrical distribution system where the equipment grounding conductor is isolated from the premises grounded conductor and the premises equipment grounding conductor except at a single grounded termination point within a branch-circuit panelboard, at the originating (main breaker) branch-circuit panelboard or at the premises grounding electrode. (640) (CMP-12) Temporary Equipment. Portable wiring and equipment intended for use with events of a transient or temporary nature where all equipment is presumed to be removed at the conclusion of the event. (640) (CMP-12) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Temporary equipment may be used in permanent or temporary facilities or in areas with no services other than a source of electrical power. Temporary equipment may be used in indoor and outdoor areas such as athletic facilities, halls, auditoriums, concert shells, athletic fields, beaches, and other places designated for public assembly. Terminal (as applied to batteries). That part of a cell, container, or battery to which an external connection is made (commonly identified as post, pillar, pole, or terminal post). (CMP-13) Thermal Protector (as applied to motors). A protective device for assembly as an integral part of a motor or motor-compressor that, when properly applied, protects the motor against dangerous overheating due to overload and failure to start. (CMP-11) Informational Note: The thermal protector may consist of one or more sensing elements integral with the motor or motor-compressor and an external control device. Thermal Resistivity. The heat transfer capability through a substance by conduction. (CMP-6) Informational Note: Thermal resistivity is the reciprocal of thermal conductivity and is designated Rho, which is expressed in the units °C-cm/W. Thermally Protected (as applied to motors). A motor or motor-compressor that is provided with a thermal protector. (CMP-11) Top Shield. A grounded metal shield covering under-carpet components of the flat conductor cable (Type FCC) system for the purposes of providing protection against physical damage. (324) (CMP-6) Tower. A pole or other structure that supports a wind turbine. (694) (CMP-4) Transfer Switch. An automatic or nonautomatic device for transferring one or more load conductor connections from one power source to another. (CMP-13) Transfer Switch, Branch-Circuit Emergency Lighting. (Branch-Circuit Emergency Lighting Transfer Switch) A device connected on the load side of a branch-circuit overcurrent protective device that transfers only emergency lighting loads from the normal power source to an emergency power source. (700) (CMP-13) Informational Note: See ANSI/UL 1008, Transfer Switch Equipment, for information covering branch-circuit emergency lighting transfer switches. Transfer Switch, Bypass Isolation. (Bypass Isolation Transfer Switch) A manual, nonautomatic, or automatic operated device used in conjunction with a transfer switch to provide a means of directly connecting load conductors to a power source and of disconnecting the transfer switch. (CMP-13) Transfer Switch, Meter-Mounted. (Meter-Mounted Transfer Switch) A transfer switch connected between the utility meter and the meter base. (CMP-13) Informational Note: Meter-mounted transfer switches can plug into the meter base. Transfer switches that incorporate the meter base in the transfer equipment assembly are not considered meter-mounted transfer switches. Transformer. Equipment, either single-phase or polyphase, that uses electromagnetic induction to convert current and voltage in a primary circuit into current and voltage in a secondary circuit. (CM