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identified intrinsically safe connections for intrinsically safe apparatus and also might have connections for nonintrinsically safe apparatus. Informational Note No. 2: An example of associated apparatus is an intrinsic safety barrier, which is a network designed to limit the energy (voltage and cu...

identified intrinsically safe connections for intrinsically safe apparatus and also might have connections for nonintrinsically safe apparatus. Informational Note No. 2: An example of associated apparatus is an intrinsic safety barrier, which is a network designed to limit the energy (voltage and current) available to the protected circuit in the hazardous (classified) location under specified fault conditions. Informational Note No. 3: See ANSI/UL 913, Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II, and III, Division 1, Hazardous (Classified) Locations; ANSI/UL 60079-11, Explosive Atmospheres — Part 11: Equipment Protection by Intrinsic Safety “i”; and ANSI/ISA RP 12.06.01, Recommended Practice for Wiring Methods for Hazardous (Classified) Locations Instrumentation — Part 1: Intrinsic Safety, for additional information. Associated Nonincendive Field Wiring Apparatus. Apparatus in which the circuits are not necessarily nonincendive themselves but that affects the energy in nonincendive field wiring circuits and is relied on to maintain nonincendive energy levels. Such apparatus is one of the following: Electrical apparatus that has an alternative type of protection for use in the appropriate hazardous (classified) location Electrical apparatus not so protected that shall not be used within a hazardous (classified) location (CMP-14) Informational Note No. 1: Associated nonincendive field wiring apparatus has designated associated nonincendive field wiring apparatus connections for nonincendive field wiring apparatus and also might have connections for other electrical apparatus. Informational Note No. 2: See ANSI/UL 121201, Nonincendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I and II, Division 2 and Class III, Divisions 1 and 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations, for additional information. Attachment Fitting, Weight-Supporting (WSAF) (Weight-Supporting Attachment Fitting). A device that, by insertion into a weight-supporting ceiling receptacle, establishes a connection between the conductors of the attached utilization equipment and the branch-circuit conductors connected to the weight-supporting ceiling receptacle. (CMP-18) Informational Note No. 1: A weight-supporting attachment fitting is different from an attachment plug because no cord is associated with the fitting. A weight-supporting attachment fitting in combination with a weight-supporting ceiling receptacle secures the associated utilization equipment in place and supports its weight. Informational Note No. 2: See ANSI/NEMA WD 6, American National Standard for Wiring Devices — Dimensional Specifications, for the standard configuration of weight-supporting attachment fittings and related weight-supporting ceiling receptacles. ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse The attachment fitting is the mating device that provides both mechanical and electrical connections to the locking support and mounting receptacle. The locking support and mounting receptacle, along with the attachment fitting, have both electrical ratings and mechanical weight ratings. Attachment Plug (Plug Cap) (Plug). A device that, by insertion in a receptacle, establishes a connection between the conductors of the attached flexible cord and the conductors connected permanently to the receptacle. (CMP-18) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Below are some typical configurations from 30 amperes to 50 amperes for single locking- and grounding-type receptacles and attachment plug caps. Audio Autotransformer. A transformer with a single winding and multiple taps intended for use with an amplifier loudspeaker signal output. (640) (CMP-12) Audio Signal Processing Equipment (Audio Equipment). Electrically operated equipment that produces, processes, or both, electronic signals that, when appropriately amplified and reproduced by a loudspeaker, produce an acoustic signal within the range of normal human hearing (typically 20–20 kHz). Within Article 640, the terms equipment and audio equipment are assumed to be equivalent to audio signal processing equipment. (640) (CMP-12) Informational Note: This equipment includes, but is not limited to, loudspeakers; headphones; pre-amplifiers; microphones and their power supplies; mixers; MIDI (musical instrument digital interface) equipment or other digital control systems; equalizers, compressors, and other audio signal processing equipment; and audio media recording and playback equipment, including turntables, tape decks and disk players (audio and multimedia), synthesizers, tone generators, and electronic organs. Electronic organs and synthesizers may have integral or separate amplification and loudspeakers. With the exception of amplifier outputs, virtually all such equipment is used to process signals (using analog or digital techniques) that have nonhazardous levels of voltage or current. ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse The definition of the term audio signal processing equipment clarifies the limits of signal processing (frequency bandwidth), which falls under Article 640. “MIDI (musical instrument digital interface) equipment or other digital control systems” is mentioned specifically because, while MIDI or similar digital control signals may come from an electronic musical instrument, such signals also can be produced by a computer. Audio System. The totality of all equipment and interconnecting wiring used to fabricate a fully functional audio signal processing, amplification, and reproduction system. (640) (CMP-12) Audio Transformer. A transformer with two or more electrically isolated windings and multiple taps intended for use with an amplifier loudspeaker signal output. (640) (CMP-12) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Audio transformers are intended only for use with audio signals, not light and power. Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure. (CMP-1) Informational Note: The phrase “authority having jurisdiction,” or its acronym AHJ, is used in NFPA documents in a broad manner, since jurisdictions and approval agencies vary, as do their responsibilities. Where public safety is primary, the authority having jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or other regional department or individual such as a fire chief; fire marshal; chief of a fire prevention bureau, labor department, or health department; building official; electrical inspector; or others having statutory authority. For insurance purposes, an insurance inspection department, rating bureau, or other insurance company representative may be the authority having jurisdiction. In many circumstances, the property owner or his or her designated agent assumes the role of the authority having jurisdiction; at government installations, the commanding officer or departmental official may be the authority having jurisdiction. ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse In the North American safety system, the importance of the AHJ’s role cannot be overstated. The AHJ verifies that an installation complies with the NEC. See the definition of approved. For more information on inspection, approval, and listing, see 90.4, 90.7, 110.2, and 110.3. Automatic. Performing a function without the necessity of human intervention. (CMP-1) Bathroom. An area including a sink with one or more of the following: a toilet, a urinal, a tub, a shower, a bidet, or similar plumbing fixtures. (CMP-2) Battery. A single cell or a group of cells connected together electrically in series, in parallel, or a combination of both. (CMP-13) Battery, Flow. (Flow Battery) An energy storage component that stores its active materials in the form of one or two electrolytes external to the reactor interface. When in use, the electrolytes are transferred between reactor and storage tanks. (706) (CMP-13) Informational Note: Three commercially available flow battery technologies are zinc air, zinc bromine, and vanadium redox, sometimes referred to as pumped electrolyte ESS. Battery, Sealed. (Sealed Battery) A battery that has no provision for the routine addition of water or electrolyte or for external measurement of electrolyte specific gravity and might contain pressure relief venting. (CMP-13) Battery, Stationary Standby. (Stationary Standby Battery) A battery that spends the majority of the time on continuous float charge or in a high state of charge, in readiness for a discharge event. (CMP-13) Informational Note: Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) batteries are an example that falls under this definition. Battery-Powered Lighting Units. Individual unit equipment for backup illumination consisting of a rechargeable battery; a battery-charging means; provisions for one or more lamps mounted on the equipment, or with terminals for remote lamps, or both; and a relaying device arranged to energize the lamps automatically upon failure of the supply to the unit equipment. (517) (CMP-15) Berth. The water space to be occupied by a boat or other vessel alongside or between bulkheads, piers, piles, fixed and floating docks, or any similar access structure. [303:3.3.2] (555) (CMP-7) Informational Note: See the definition of Slip for additional information. Bipolar Circuit. A dc circuit that is comprised of two monop⁠ole circuits, each having an opposite polarity connected to a common reference point. (CMP-4) Block. A square or portion of a city, town, or village enclosed by streets and including the alleys so enclosed, but not any street. (800) (CMP-16) Boatyard. A facility used for constructing, repairing, servicing, hauling from the water, storing (on land and in water), and launching of boats. [303:3.3.3] (555) (CMP-7) Bodies of Water, Artificially Made. (Artificially Made Bodies of Water) Bodies of water that have been constructed or modified to fit some decorative or commercial purpose such as, but not limited to, aeration ponds, fish farm ponds, storm retention basins, treatment ponds, and irrigation (channel) facilities. Water depths may vary seasonally or be controlled. (682) (CMP-17) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse The term artificially made bodies of water includes all bodies of water that are not naturally created and that are not covered by the requirements of Article 680. The uses of artificially made bodies of water include decorative, agricultural, municipal infrastructure, and industrial. A decorative pond pictured below is an example of an artificially made body of water because it was constructed and filled with water and did not occur naturally. Bodies of Water, Natural. (Natural Bodies of Water) Bodies of water such as lakes, streams, ponds, rivers, and other naturally occurring bodies of water, which may vary in depth throughout the year. (682) (CMP-17) Bonded (Bonding). Connected to establish electrical continuity and conductivity. (CMP-5) Bonding Conductor (Bonding Jumper). A conductor that ensures the required electrical conductivity between metal parts that are required to be electrically connected. (CMP-5) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Either of the two terms, bonding conductor or bonding jumper, may be used. The term bonding jumper is sometimes interpreted to mean a short conductor, although some bonding jumpers may be several feet in length. The primary purpose of a bonding conductor or jumper is to ensure electrical conductivity between two conductive bodies, such as between a metal box and a metal raceway. Bonding jumpers are particularly important where a box has either concentric- or eccentric-type knockouts. These knockouts can impair the electrical conductivity between metal parts and may actually introduce unnecessary impedance into the grounding path. The exhibit below shows the difference between concentric- and eccentric-type knockouts and illustrates one method of applying bonding jumpers at these types of knockouts. See also 250.92(B) for bonding jumpers at service equipment, 250.97 for bonding jumpers at equipment operating over 250 volts, and 250.98 for bonding jumpers at expansion fittings in metal raceways. Bonding Jumper, Equipment. (Equipment Bonding Jumper) The connection between two or more portions of the equipment grounding conductor. (CMP-5) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Equipment bonding jumpers ensure that an effective ground-fault current path is not compromised by an interruption in mechanical or electrical continuity. For example, conduits entering an open-bottom switchboard usually are not mechanically connected to the switchboard. Expansion fittings may not provide electrical continuity because they are loosely joined raceways. Bonding jumpers are necessary in order to provide electrical continuity. The exhibit below shows an external bonding jumper around an expansion joint. Some expansion fittings for metal conduit have an internal bonding jumper that is integral to the fitting. Equipment bonding jumpers are also used to connect the grounding terminal of a receptacle to a metal box that in turn is grounded via an equipment grounding conductor (the raceway system). (Courtesy of the International Association of Electrical Inspectors) Bonding Jumper, Main. (Main Bonding Jumper) The connection between the grounded circuit conductor and the equipment grounding conductor, or the supply-side bonding jumper, or both, at the service. (CMP-5) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse The following exhibit shows a main bonding jumper that provides the connection between the grounded service conductor and the equipment grounding conductor at the service by connecting between the neutral bus and the equipment grounding bus. Bonding jumpers can be located throughout the electrical system, but a main bonding jumper is located only at the service. See 250.28 for main bonding jumper requirements. Bonding Jumper, Supply-Side. (Supply-Side Bonding Jumper) A conductor installed on the supply side of a service or within a service equipment enclosure(s), or for a separately derived system, that ensures the required electrical conductivity between metal parts required to be electrically connected. (CMP-5) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Metal equipment enclosures, metal raceways, and metal cable trays are examples of equipment containing supply-side conductors that are required to be bonded. Where bonding jumpers are used, they are required to be installed and sized as specified in 250.102(A), (B), (C), and (E). Bonding jumpers installed on the load side of a service, feeder, or branch-circuit overcurrent protective device (OCPD) are equipment bonding jumpers. Bonding Jumper, System. (System Bonding Jumper) The connection between the grounded circuit conductor and the supply-side bonding jumper, or the equipment grounding conductor, or both, at a separately derived system. (CMP-5) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse A system bonding jumper is used to connect the equipment grounding conductor(s) or the supply-side bonding jumper to the grounded conductor of a separately derived system either at the source or at the first system disconnecting means. A system bonding jumper is used at the derived system if the derived system contains a grounded conductor. Like the main bonding jumper at the service equipment, the system bonding jumper provides the necessary link between the equipment grounding conductors and the system grounded conductor in order to establish an effective path for ground-fault current to return to the source. See 250.30(A)(1) for system bonding jumper requirements. Border Light. A permanently installed overhead strip light. (520) (CMP-15) Bottom Shield. A protective layer that is installed between the floor and flat conductor cable (Type FCC) to protect the cable from physical damage and may or may not be incorporated as an integral part of the cable. (324) (CMP-6) Branch Circuit (Branch-Circuit). The circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s). (CMP-2) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse The exhibit below shows the difference between branch circuits and feeders. Conductors between the overcurrent devices in the panelboards and the duplex receptacles are branch-circuit conductors. The overcurrent devices at the panelboards are the final OCPD for the circuit and duplex receptacles. Conductors between the service equipment, or source of separately derived systems, and the panelboards are feeders. Branch Circuit, Appliance. (Appliance Branch Circuit) A branch circuit that supplies energy to one or more outlets to which appliances are to be connected and that has no permanently connected luminaires that are not a part of an appliance. (CMP-2) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse See also 210.11(C)(1), which requires two or more 20-ampere small-appliance branch circuits for dwelling units. See 210.52(B)(1), which requires that small-appliance branch circuits supply receptacle outlets located in rooms such as the kitchen, dining room, and pantry. For details on small-appliance branch circuits not permitted to supply other outlets, see 210.52(B)(2). Branch Circuit, General-Purpose. (General-Purpose Branch Circuit) A branch circuit that supplies two or more receptacles or outlets for lighting and appliances. (CMP-2) Branch Circuit, Individual. (Individual Branch Circuit) A branch circuit that supplies only one utilization equipment. (CMP-2) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse The exhibit below illustrates an individual branch circuit with a single receptacle for connection of one piece of utilization equipment (e.g., one dryer, one range, one space heater, one motor). A branch circuit supplying one duplex receptacle that supplies two cord-and-plug-connected appliances, or similar equipment, is not an individual branch circuit. See also 210.21(B)(1), which requires the single receptacle to have an ampere rating not less than that of the branch circuit. For permissible loads on individual branch circuits, see 210.22. Branch Circuit, Motor. (Motor Branch Circuit) The circuit conductors, including equipment, between the motor branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault protective device and an individual motor. (CMP-11) Branch Circuit, Multiwire. (Multiwire Branch Circuit) A branch circuit that consists of two or more ungrounded conductors that have a voltage between them, and a neutral conductor that has equal voltage between it and each ungrounded conductor of the circuit and that is connected to the neutral conductor of the system. (CMP-2) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse See also 210.4, 240.15(B)(1), and 300.13(B) for specific information about multiwire branch circuits. Branch-Circuit Selection Current (BCSC). The value in amperes to be used instead of the rated-load current in determining the ratings of motor branch-circuit conductors, disconnecting means, controllers, and branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault protective devices wherever the running overload protective device permits a sustained current greater than the specified percentage of the rated-load current. The value of branch-circuit selection current will always be equal to or greater than the marked rated-load current. (440) (CMP-11) Breakout Assembly. An adapter used to connect a multipole connector containing two or more branch circuits to multiple individual branch-circuit connectors. (520) (CMP-15) Broadband. Wide bandwidth data transmission that transports multiple signals, protocols, and traffic types over various media types. (CMP-16) Building. A structure that stands alone or that is separated from adjoining structures by fire walls. (CMP-1) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse A building is generally considered to be a roofed or walled structure that is intended for supporting or sheltering any use or occupancy. However, a separate structure such as a pole, billboard sign, or water tower may also be considered to be a building. Definitions of the terms fire walls and fire doors are the responsibility of building codes. Generally, a fire wall may be defined as a wall that separates buildings or subdivides a building to prevent the spread of fire and that has a fire resistance rating and structural stability. Building, Floating. (Floating Building) A building that floats on water, is moored in a permanent location, and has a premises wiring system served through connection by permanent wiring to an electrical supply system not located on the premises. (CMP-7) Building, Manufactured. (Manufactured Building) Any building that is of closed construction and is made or assembled in manufacturing facilities on or off the building site for installation, or for assembly and installation on the building site, other than manufactured homes, mobile homes, park trailers, or recreational vehicles. (545) (CMP-7) Building Component. Any subsystem, subassembly, or other system designed for use in or integral with or as part of a structure, which can include structural, electrical, mechanical, plumbing, and fire protection systems, and other systems affecting health and safety. (545) (CMP-7) Building System. Plans, specifications, and documentation for a system of manufactured building or for a type or a system of building components, which can include structural, electrical, mechanical, plumbing, and fire protection systems, and other systems affecting health and safety, and including such variations thereof as are specifically permitted by regulation, and which variations are submitted as part of the building system or amendment thereto. (545) (CMP-7) Bulkhead. A vertical structural wall, usually of stone, timber, metal, concrete, or synthetic material, constructed along, and generally parallel to, the shoreline to retain earth as an extension of the upland, and often to provide suitable water depth at the waterside face. [303:3.3.5] (555) (CMP-7) Bull Switch. An externally operated wall-mounted safety switch that can contain overcurrent protection and is designed for the connection of portable cables and cords. (530) (CMP-15) Bundled. Cables or conductors that are tied, wrapped, taped, or otherwise periodically bound together. (520) (CMP-15) Busbar. A noninsulated conductor electrically connected to the source of supply and physically supported on an insulator providing a power rail for connection to utilization equipment, such as sensors, actuators, A/V devices, low-voltage luminaire assemblies, and similar electrical equipment. (393) (CMP-18) Busbar Support. An insulator that runs the length of a section of suspended ceiling bus rail that serves to support and isolate the busbars from the suspended grid rail. (393) (CMP-18) Busway. A raceway consisting of a metal enclosure containing factory-mounted, bare or insulated conductors, which are usually copper or aluminum bars, rods, or tubes. (CMP-8) Cabinet. An enclosure that is designed for either surface mounting or flush mounting and is provided with a frame, mat, or trim in which a swinging door or doors are or can be hung. (CMP-9) ENHANCED CONTENT Collapse Cabinets are designed for surface or flush mounting with a trim to which a swinging door(s) is hung. A cutout box is designed for surface mounting with a swinging door(s) secured directly to the box. A panelboard is an electrical assembly designed to be placed in a cabinet or cutout box. See also Article 312, which covers both cabinets and cutout boxes. Cable, Abandoned. (Abandoned Cable) Installed cable that is not terminated at equipment other than a termination fitting or a connector and is not identified for future use with a tag. (CMP-16) Informational Note: See 640.6(B), 645.5(G), 722.25, 760.25, 770.25, and 800.25 for requirements coveri