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# Pearl Harbor Notes ## The US Enters WWII During European Aggression * U.S. efforts to avoid future wars throughout the 1920s and 1930s * Recovering from the Great Depression * The Neutrality Acts (1935 & 1936) * Passed to limit U.S. involvement in future wars * Banned exporting war sup...

# Pearl Harbor Notes ## The US Enters WWII During European Aggression * U.S. efforts to avoid future wars throughout the 1920s and 1930s * Recovering from the Great Depression * The Neutrality Acts (1935 & 1936) * Passed to limit U.S. involvement in future wars * Banned exporting war supplies and loans to belligerent nations * Restricted travel to these countries * The Neutrality Acts (1937 & 1939) * Changed the previous act to allow FDR the ability to sell war materials on a "cash and carry" basis. * Belligerents had to pay in advance to export goods in their own ships. * First instance of the U.S. getting involved in foreign affairs since WWI * FDR further demolished U.S. isolationism by passing the Lend-Lease Act (1940). * Allowed the U.S. to lend or lease war supplies to any nation needed for the defense of the U.S.. * U.S. was able to help foreign allies while remaining neutral in conflict * It allowed Great Britain to continue fighting against the Germans. * Atlantic Charter (1941). * Declared shared goals in opposing Hitler and his allies between the U.S. & G.B. ## U.S. & Japan After WWI * U.S. does not support Japan's conquest of China. * Failed to come to a peace agreement * U.S. embargoed Japan - refused to trade steel, scrap metal, oil, and fuel. * Japan's Goal: Conquer lands and resources * Natural resources from America's Navy and territories were a barrier * Why Pearl Harbor? * Japan wanted natural resources. * America's Navy and territories acted as a barrier. ## Planning the Attack * 1 year in planning/preparation * 4 Japanese carriers, 200 miles north of Oahu * 353 fighter planes, bombers, and torpedo planes * 35 submarines, 9 battleships, 11 destroyers, and 2 cruisers ## The Morning of December 7th, 1941 (Sunday) * 1st wave of attack at 7:45 AM * 2nd wave of attack at 8:54 AM * Lasted about 2 hours, ending around 9:55 AM * Targets: Battleships, aircraft carriers, warehouses, docks, and airfields. ## Mistakes * Limited resources * Wanted to conquer the South Pacific's mineral-rich resources. * Military ruled over the Emperor (Japanese Ruler) * Tojo was the military leader * Hirohito was the Emperor of Japan ## Additional Information * December 6: U.S. intercepted a Japanese message regarding ship movements and berthing positions at Pearl Harbor. Cryptologist relayed the message for follow up action by a superior officer. * December 7: Radar operator detected large groups of airplanes heading toward Oahu. They were called in.