WX201 Exam 1 Fall 2024 PDF

Name: _________________________________ 3. The only substance near Earth's surface that is found naturally in the current atmosphere as Section: ______ Exam Version: ___A___ a solid, liquid, and a gas is ____....

Name: _________________________________ 3. The only substance near Earth's surface that is found naturally in the current atmosphere as Section: ______ Exam Version: ___A___ a solid, liquid, and a gas is ____. a) carbon dioxide WX201 – Exam 1 b) water Fall 2024 c) molecular oxygen d) ozone No electronic devices of any kind are allowed e) carbon during the exam. 4. Which weather element always decreases as ***You MUST put your name on both the we climb upward in the atmosphere? questions and the answer sheet.*** a. wind b. temperature ***You must return both the questions and c. pressure answer sheet to get credit for the exam.*** d. moisture e. dew point You are free to write on the questions if desired. 5. Within which layers of the atmosphere will temperature always increase with increasing Be sure to completely fill the correct circle for height? each question on the answer sheet in pencil. a) Stratosphere and Thermosphere. b) Troposphere and Stratosphere. Indicate the answer choice that best completes c) Stratosphere and Mesosphere. the statement or answers the question. d) Troposphere and Mesosphere. e) Mesosphere and Thermosphere. Assume any seasonal references are for the Northern Hemisphere if not otherwise 6. Almost all of Earth's “weather” occurs in the specified. _____. a) exosphere 1. The most abundant gases in Earth's b) stratosphere atmosphere by volume are ____ and ____. c) mesosphere a) carbon dioxide, nitrogen d) thermosphere b) oxygen, water vapor e) troposphere c) nitrogen, oxygen d) oxygen, helium 7. Ozone (O3) in the stratosphere has ____. e) oxygen, ozone a. protected life from harmful ultraviolet rays. b. decreased in concentration by 30 percent 2. Which of the following is considered a c. remained at about the same concentration fr variable gas in Earth's atmosphere? om year to year a) water vapor d. disappeared entirely b) nitrogen e. has doubled in concentration c) oxygen d) argon 8. A temperature inversion is present when e) helium temperature decreases with increasing altitude. a) True b) False 9. Which of the following is a statement of 14. The heat energy released by water during weather and not a statement of climate? condensation is known as ________ heat. a) The average temperature for Daytona Beach a) specific in October is 73oF. b) latent b) In Daytona Beach, the temperature is c) conductive currently 53oF with light rain. d) radiative c) The average annual precipitation in Daytona e) convective Beach is 48 inches. d) The average low temperature for Daytona 15. The type (wavelength) and amount of Beach in January is 47oF. radiation that an object emits is determined by e) All of the above are statements of weather. the object’s temperature. a) True 10. The environmental lapse rate provides b) False information on how the _________ changes with altitude. 16. What type of energy has a wavelength a) wind direction shorter than that of violet light? b) wind speed a) green visible radiation c) density b) blue visible radiation d) pressure c) infrared radiation e) temperature d) red visible radiation e) ultraviolet radiation 11. Which measurement generally indicates the average speed and therefore the average 17. The sun emits its greatest intensity of kinetic energy of air molecules? radiation in ____. a) pressure a) the visible portion of the spectrum. b) temperature b) the infrared portion of the spectrum. c) density c) the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum. d) heat d) all parts of the spectrum equally. e) gravity e) the gamma ray portion of the spectrum. 12. The amount of heat energy required to 18. The combined albedo of Earth and the bring about a change in temperature in a atmosphere is approximately ____ percent. substance is called the _____. a) 4 a) radiative equilibrium b) 10 b) dead heat c) 30 c) conduction heat d) 50 d) latent heat e) 90 e) heat capacity 19. __________ is occurring when atmospheric 13. Convection is the vertical exchange of heat. gases absorb outgoing infrared radiation and a) True reradiate it back towards Earth’s surface. b) False a) Conduction b) Convection c) The greenhouse effect d) Latent heating e) Specific heating 20. The ability or capacity to do work on some 25. In the Northern Hemisphere, which day has form of matter is called ____. the fewest hours of daylight? a) temperature a) summer solstice b) energy b) winter solstice c) specific heat c) vernal equinox d) latent heat d) autumnal equinox e) thermal heat e) spring solstice 21. Although the polar regions radiate away 26. The lag in daily temperature refers to the more heat energy than they receive by time lag between the insolation in the course of a year, they are a) time of maximum solar radiation and the prevented from becoming progressively colder time of maximum temperature. each year by the b) time of minimum temperature and the time a) conduction of heat through the interior of of maximum solar radiation. Earth. c) minimum and maximum temperature for a b) concentration of Earth's magnetic field lines day. at the poles. d) minimum and maximum solar energy c) circulation of heat by the atmosphere and received at the surface for a given day. oceans. e) sunrise and sunset. d) insulating properties of snow. e} release of latent heat to the atmosphere 27. The daily minimum temperature is usually when polar ice melts. observed a) at the time of sunset. 22. Our seasons are caused by how close the b) near midnight. Earth is to the Sun. c) several hours before sunrise. a) True d) around sunrise. b) False e) several hours after sunrise. 23. On the vernal equinox, the highest position 28. Both the ground and the air above it cool by of the noonday Sun (i.e., the sun would be radiating infrared energy, a process called directly overhead at noon) is located radiational cooling. a) near the North Pole. a) True b) in the mid-latitudes of the Northern b) False Hemisphere. c) in the mid-latitudes of the Southern 29. Ideal conditions for a strong radiation Hemisphere. inversion are a d) near the South Pole. a) clear, calm, dry, winter night. e) at the equator. b) clear, calm, moist, summer night. c) cloudy, calm, moist, winter night. 24. For the most accurate determination of d) cloudy, windy, moist, summer night. outdoor temperature, one should place the e) clear, windy, dry, summer night. thermometer in the sun. a) True b) False 30. The most important reason why summers in 35. The temperature to which air must be the Southern Hemisphere are not warmer than cooled in order to become saturated is the summers in the Northern Hemisphere is that _____. a) Earth is closer to the Sun in January. a) minimum temperature b) Earth is farther from the Sun in July. b) dew point temperature c) over 80 percent of the Southern Hemisphere c) wet-bulb temperature is covered with water. d) freezing point d) the Sun's energy is less intense in the e) maximum temperature Southern Hemisphere. e) ice from Antarctica prevents it from getting 36. The percentage of water vapor present in very hot. the air compared to that required for saturation is the _____. 31. Comparing the three phases of water, a) mixing ratio molecules in the solid phase (ice) have the b) absolute humidity slowest vibrational speed, and molecules in the c) dew point gaseous phase (water vapor) have the highest d) relative humidity vibrational speeds. e) specific humidity a) True b) False 37. If the air temperature remains constant, evaporating water into the air will ____ the dew 32. The ratio of the mass of water vapor in a point and ____ the relative humidity. given volume (parcel) of air to the mass of the a) increase; increase remaining dry air describes the b) increase; decrease a) absolute humidity. c) decrease; increase b) mixing ratio. d) decrease; decrease c) relative humidity. e) not change; not change d) dew point. e) water vapor content. 38. At what time of day is the relative humidity normally at a minimum? 33. The partial pressure of water vapor is called a) when the air temperature is highest the ____. b) just before sunrise a) relative humidity c) about midnight b) saturation vapor pressure d) when the air temperature is lowest c) actual vapor pressure e) at sunset d) actual water pressure e) true liquid pressure 39. Water molecules changing from a vapor state to a liquid state are condensing. 34. As the air temperature increases, the a) True saturation vapor pressure for that air parcel b) False a) increases. b) decreases. 40. Which of the following will increase in an c) remains constant. unsaturated rising parcel of air that stays intact d) becomes unpredictable. and does not mix with the surrounding air? e) drops by 50%. a) saturation vapor pressure b) relative humidity c) mixing ratio d) air temperature e) air pressure 41. Dew is most likely to form on 47. Clouds are classified by their altitude and a) clear, calm nights. appearance. b) cloudy, calm nights. a) True c) clear, windy nights. b) False d) cloudy, windy nights. e) rainy nights. 48. Which cloud type is composed of ice crystals and can cause a halo to form around the Sun or 42. Frost results when temperatures drop the Moon? below freezing and the dew that is already on a) Altostratus the ground freezes. b) Stratus a) True c) Nimbostratus b) False d) Cirrostratus e) Angelitus 43. Particles that serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense are called _____. 49. Clouds that have significant vertical a) hydrophobic nuclei development include _________ clouds. b) nacreous nuclei a) cirrus c) condensation nuclei b) stratus d) scud c) cumulonimbus e) molecules d) stratocumulus e) altostratus 44. __________ can develop as the result of warm, moist air moving over a cold surface. 50. A nimbostratus cloud is a cloud that, by a) Radiation fog definition, will not have precipitation falling b) Cumulus clouds from it. c) Upslope fog a) True d) Advection fog b) False e) Cirrus clouds 45. If fog is forming in Denver, Colorado (located on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains), and the wind is blowing from the east, then the fog is most likely ______. a) advection fog b) frontal fog c) upslope fog d) radiation fog e) downslope fog 46. Radiation fog typically forms on ____. a) clear, calm days b) clear, windy early morning c) clear, calm nights d) clear, windy nights e) any day and in any conditions