Work Matters_ Job Design PDF

Interdisciplinary Models ● ● ● ● Motivational perspective dominated by Hackman and Oldham ○ Campion and colleagues introduced interdisciplinary perspective integrating four approaches: ■ Motivational ■ Mechanistic ■ Perceptual-motor ■ Biological Campion and McClelland: ○ Job enlargement improved...

Interdisciplinary Models ● ● ● ● Motivational perspective dominated by Hackman and Oldham ○ Campion and colleagues introduced interdisciplinary perspective integrating four approaches: ■ Motivational ■ Mechanistic ■ Perceptual-motor ■ Biological Campion and McClelland: ○ Job enlargement improved motivation but required more training and higher compensation ○ Job enrichment led to increased satisfaction, less overload, fewer errors, and better customer service Morgeson and Campion: ○ Task clusters allow for both skill utilization and efficiency ○ Enhancing specialization in task clusters avoids trade-offs between motivational and mechanistic approaches Interdisciplinary perspective: ○ Generative in introducing new job characteristics and outcomes ○ Provides scholars and practitioners with new tools for diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating job redesign interventions Job Demands-Control-Support Model - Karasek et al ● ● Job Design to reduce negative effects of job demands on stress, burnout, and physical illnesses ○ Enhancing job control (decision latitude) allows employees to develop a sense of mastery and cope with job demands ○ Social support can buffer against detrimental effects Alternative: Job Demands-Resources Model: ○ Proposed by European researchers due to mixed evidence for the Job Demands-Control-Support Model ○ Focuses on independent effects of job demands and resources on different aspects of burnout ○ Job demands contribute to emotional exhaustion, while job resources reduce disengagement or depersonalization ○ Encourages researchers to study additional job characteristics and consider their implications for occupational health outcomes