Water Treatment Process PDF

## Water Treatment **if remove temp as well as perm hard from the water** * It's Formula Calcium fatott)2 Ca(HCO3)2 * CaCOH Ca(HCO3)2+ (OH) -> 2 CaCO3↓ 2H2O * Calcium bicarbonate * Lime * Calcium Carbonat **Soda Ash if remove only pert hardness.** * It's Formula is Sodium Carbonate Na...

## Water Treatment **if remove temp as well as perm hard from the water** * It's Formula Calcium fatott)2 Ca(HCO3)2 * CaCOH Ca(HCO3)2+ (OH) -> 2 CaCO3↓ 2H2O * Calcium bicarbonate * Lime * Calcium Carbonat **Soda Ash if remove only pert hardness.** * It's Formula is Sodium Carbonate Na₂Cl * CaCl2 + Na2CO3→ CaCO3↓ + 2 NOCI * Calcium Chloride * Soda Ash * Calcium Carbonant * Sodium chloride **Advantage of Process** 1. process is faster then pole lime Soda process 2. very economical 3. reducing the colagen of distribution fite pipe. * dons magnige ioral also remove * dissolve gas also remove 4. amount of pathogenic beateria also remove **dis** 1. large amount of Saly is pep Form. 2. treated water aften this process is not comp Softnet. 3. Contain hardness nechr about 15 to 30 ppm **Hot Lime Soda Process** * Steam * Ca(OH)2 Hydrated lime * Temp Perm **In this process water is preporade the Sopni comicals at temp 94°to 100°C. This process Corridown at the boiling point of the Solution. The reaction proce55 and Soafning capacity is increases.** * Diagram of the process: * Steam is added to a tank containing hard water and lime + soda. * The water then flows into a sedimentation tank and then a filtration tank. * The filtered water exits the tank as soft water. * Sludge collects in a sedimentation tank at the bottom. **H+ + OH --> H2O** * Chemical ion * Diagram: A tank contains gravel with cation resign, water ( H+ + OH) flows through the tank. **Advantage: This process Can be used to Soften highly Acidic or al.** * If produced water very low hardness that is 2 ppm so It's very good for water treatment in high prece boiling. **This** 1. equment are cossly. (2) more Spe cxpessive chemical. 2. water contain turbility. **Regeneration 8-** * R2 Ca2+ + 2H+ -> 2 RH+ + Ca²+ + OH **# Lime requirement = 75 [Temporary hardness of water in terms of CaCO3] / 100 [Permanent hardness of water in terms of CaCO3]** **$ Soda requirement = 106 [Permanent hardness of water in terms of CaSO4 + MgCl2 + MgSO4 in terms of CaCO3 equivalent) ] /100$** *** Estination of Temporary and EBTA - Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid - Solution** **Buffer Solution- maintain the PH of water - PH** **Indicator:- EBT - Ericrome Black T** 1. 10 ml - Sample water pipette = 1 2. 10 ml - Buffer Solution - PH 9 to lo 3. 2 drop - Indicator - EBT 4. Colour wine Red 5. Burretle- EDTA Soin **From abow processoare total hardness of water. Now we are going to remove temp hard of water by boiling process.** **we bail the Samble having 250 ml. to reduced up to 50 ml.**