Western Civilizations Notes PDF

Notes: How different civilizations influenced the west Persian Empire Conquered Many lands - Efficient but tolerant ​ - Allowed conquered people to keep own religions and customs - Conquered the israelites ​ - Spiritual legacy of monotheism (One god) ​ - Judaism-Christianity -Went all...

Notes: How different civilizations influenced the west Persian Empire Conquered Many lands - Efficient but tolerant ​ - Allowed conquered people to keep own religions and customs - Conquered the israelites ​ - Spiritual legacy of monotheism (One god) ​ - Judaism-Christianity -Went all the way to india ​ Greek empire in 323 BC -​ Phillip of Masadon created the Phalanx army and his son Alexander the Great inherited it Greeks and Hellenistic Influences -​ City states (Athens, Sparta) -​ Western literary forms derived from Greek poetry and drama -​ Socrates, Plato, Aristotle foundations of Western philosophy -​ Athens -- first great democracy -​ Western political terms--- Greek in Origin Greek Political Terms -​ Archon- “Ruler”- Archy -​ Kratien- “to rule”- “cracy” -​ Demos - “people” Democracy  -​ Artistos- “the best”- Aristocracy (nobles) -​ Oligos- “the few”- Oligarchy Roman Empire -​ Originally a Republic (Roman contributions to the west) -​ Romance Languages from latin-- French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian -​ Impartial Justice and Trail by Jury -​ Roman Catholic Church ​ ​ (Roman) Latin Legal terms -​ Ad Infinitum- “to continue forever” -​ Ad Valorem- “according to value” -​ Alter Ego- a second identity within a living person -​ Amicus Curiae- “friend of the court”