Wellness system in IKS - Ayurveda: Ancient Medical Science PDF

Wellness system in IKS Ayurveda: Ancient Medical Science [email protected] Origine of Ayurveda  Divine i.e. originated from a divine source  ा – द पित - अ नीकु मारौ (two physicians in the heaven) – इं (king of gods)- भर ाज (Semi...

Wellness system in IKS Ayurveda: Ancient Medical Science [email protected] Origine of Ayurveda  Divine i.e. originated from a divine source  ा – द पित - अ नीकु मारौ (two physicians in the heaven) – इं (king of gods)- भर ाज (Semi divine sage)- other ऋिषs  oldest concepts of Indian medicine – the अथववेद  भैष ा ण - variety of ailments and necessary treatment on those ailments along with some symbolic ritual & आयु ा ण - measures and treatment aimed at maintaining perfect health of mind and body and also promoting longevity [email protected] Origine of Ayurveda  Vedic times - magico-religious medicine  a wrath of various Vedic deities and super-natural powers or a deadly action of evil powers  Ayurveda - the subsidiary Veda of the Atharvaveda  आयुस् – life & वेद – knowledge  आयुवद - knowledge of human life  Prominent Texts – चरकसं िहता (चरक), सु ुतसं िहता (सु ुत), अ ा दय (वा ट) [email protected] Ayurvedic सं िहताs  The eightfold branches of treatments (अ & अ )  1. काय चिक ा –  Internal or general medicine, generally deals with fevers, gastro- intestinal irritations, coughs, urinary complaints  curable by the administration of drugs. – (Medicine)  2. श चिक ा – Surgery - diagnosis, prognosis, treatment of conditions curable by surgical methods [email protected] Ayurvedic सं हताs  3. शाला त or ऊ ा चिक ा –  Upper body or diseases which deals with diagnosis and management of diseases occurring above the clavicle. (ENT & Ophthalmology)  Treatment of diseases in the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, oral cavity, respiratory track and throat  4. कौमारभृ –  disease related to children  Pediatrics and obstetrics, including prenatal care,  Infertility, and pregnancy complications [email protected] Ayurvedic सं हताs  5. अगदत –  अगद – antidote & त – scientific study  Toxicology - poisoning from animal bites, pollution and toxins present in chemicals and plants  6. भूतिव ा –  Psychiatry, or the study of diseases and problems caused by various elements  mental health issues, including psychological and psychiatric issues [email protected] Ayurvedic सं हताs  7. रसायन –  geriatrics and focuses on rejuvenation and longevity  8. वाजीकरण –  knowledge of virilities and fertility  ailments of the reproductive organs  dealing with diminished virility, potency and procreative ability [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda  everything in the universe including human beings is composed of the प महाभूतs  आकाश वायु तेज जल पृ थवी  an infinite variety of relative proportions such that each form of matter  Constantly changing and interacting with each other  a situation of dynamic flux that keeps the world going [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda  आकाश corresponds to spaces within the body (mouth, nostrils, abdomen etc.)  वायु denotes the movement (essentially muscular also nervous system)  अि controls the functioning of enzymes (intelligence, digestive system, metabolism)  जल is in all body fluids (as plasma, saliva, digestive juices)  पृ थवी manifests itself in the solid structure of the body (bones, teeth, flesh, hair etc) [email protected] Fundamentals of of Ayurveda  समदोषः समाि समधातुमलि यः । स ा े यमनाः इ भधीयते।। सु ुत सू ान 15.41 The person who has his three dosas in balance, his digestive fire balanced, the actions of seven humours in balance, and his senses and mind are in a pleasing state, that person is known as a healthy person.  दोषs (metaphysiological entities), अि (metabolic fire), धातुs (tissues), मलs (excretory products) [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda  दोषs  Three – वात, िप and कफ  ऋ ेद - 1st text to indicate a rudimentary beginning of the ि दोष theory 1. वात – - the force which governs the movement of Kapha, Pitta, dhatu and mala in body - movement, smell sensation, speech, blood circulation, breathing,expulsionof foetus at right time, semen, excretion of feaces, urine, sweat etc - CNS functions like carrying sensory input from sense organs to the brain [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda  2. िप – - fire like properties and actions - digestion and metabolism - thirst, intellect, absorption and assimilation of food, metabolism, softness of skin, cheerfulness, regulation of heat in the body etc. [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda 3. कफ – - cohesive or cementing factor which responsible for bringing together different units of the body especially bone joints - the structures and the lubrication to the body - a potential source of strength and resistance to disease - stability, strength, vigor to the body, helps in memory retention, gives energy to the heart and lungs, and maintains immunity [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda धातु – - Seven - स धातुs - nourishing and structural part of body - concrete and formed entities in the functioning - Continuous Formation – destruction – reformation [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda स धातुs - 1. रस - Plasma 2. र - Blood 3. मांस - Flesh 4. मेद - Fat 5. अ – Bone tissue 6. म ा – Bone marrow 7. शु – Reproductive tissue [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda मल – - िवष or poison for the body - पुरीष (faces), मू (urine), ेद (sweat) [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda - Treatment – - प कम - to treat and prevent a variety of diseases - help with seasonal and social changes - to nourish the mind, body, and spirit, and can lead to benefits like improved reproductive health and longevity - Curative and preventative - Generally preceded by ेहन, ेदन [email protected] Fundamentals of Ayurveda - Treatment – - प कम 1. वमन – Vomiting 2. िवरेचन – Purgatives help relieve the excess pitta causing the bile disturbance 3. ब – Medications given by enema primarily 4. न – putting drops of an herbal remedy in the nostrils 5. र मो ण - removing impure blood from the body by Leeches [email protected] Subject matter of Ayurvedic सं हताs  चरकसं िहता  Ayurvedic diagnosis and treatment is traditionally divided into eight branches i.e. ानs  1. सू ान – general principles  2. िनदान ान - pathology  3. िवमान ान - diagnostics  4. शारीर ान - physiology and anatomy  5. इ य ान - prognosis  6. चिक ा ान - therapeutics  7. क ान - pharmaceutics  8. सि ान - successful treatment [email protected] Subject matter of Ayurvedic सं हताs  चरकसं िहता  details about arrangement of a hospital  भष ा ुप ाता रोगी पादचतु यम्। गुणवत् कारणं ेयं िवकार ुपशा ये।। चरकसं िहता सू ान 9.3 four important pillars – a physician, a patient, medicines and nursing staff - a breezy spot free of smoke and objectionable smells and noises - Need of equipment - Details about the rooms, cooking area and the privies - Conversation, recitations and entertainment of the patient [email protected] Subject matter of Ayurvedic सं हताs  सु ुतसं िहता  the first authentic text to describe methodology of surgery, prosthetic surgery, Cesarean section and setting of compound fractures  an armamentarium of 125 surgical instruments made of stone, metal and wood  Forceps, scalpels, trocars, catheters, syringes, saws, needles and scissors [email protected] Subject matter of Ayurvedic सं हताs  सु ुतसं िहता [email protected] Spread of Ayurveda  Alexander the great and Indian physicians  Arab trading centers at Malabar coast  Patronage of Harun-al-Rashid  Translation of Sushrut Samhita into Arabic - Kitab-i-Sushrud, at the instructions of a member of the Barmakid family of Baghdad (8th century)  Translation of Charak Samhita - Ali ibn Zain from Persian to Arabic (9th century)  Impact on medical knowledge in Tibet, Burma, Cambodia, Sri-Lanka [email protected]