Wellness Nutrition PDF

Wellness Nutrition Dr. Noreen Learning Objectives  Define health and wellness.  Describe health promotion.  State the purpose of Healthy People 2020 (HP2020).  Describe health literacy.  Identify the six nutrient categories.  List the functions of essential nutrients...

Wellness Nutrition Dr. Noreen Learning Objectives  Define health and wellness.  Describe health promotion.  State the purpose of Healthy People 2020 (HP2020).  Describe health literacy.  Identify the six nutrient categories.  List the functions of essential nutrients. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 2 Role in Wellness  Concepts of health and wellness for which we strive to achieve Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier 3 Inc. Definition of Health  Health is the merging and balancing of five physical and psychologic dimensions of health: physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual.  Nutrition is the study of essential nutrients and the processes by which nutrients are used by the body. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 4 Definition of Wellness Wellness is a lifestyle that enhances our level of health. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 5  Definition of Wellness (Cont.) Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 6 Health Promotion  Health promotion consists of strategies used to increase the level of health of individuals, families, groups, and communities.  Knowledge  Techniques  Community supports Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 7 Health Promotion (Cont.) Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 8 Health Promotion (Cont.)  Healthy People 2020  Nutrition monitoring  National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)  National Food Consumption Surveys (NFCS) Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 9 Disease Prevention Through Nutrition  Disease prevention is the recognition of a danger to health that could be reduced or alleviated through specific actions or changes in lifestyle behaviors.  Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention  Role of nutrition Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 10 Health Literacy  Health literacy is the ability to understand basic health concepts and apply them to one’s own health decisions.  Formal education  Nonformal education  Informal education Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 11 Health Literacy (Cont.) Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 12 Overview of Nutrients Within the Body Six nutrient categories:  Carbohydrates (CHO)  Proteins  Lipids (fats)  Vitamins  Minerals  Water Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 13 Overview of Nutrients Within the Body (Cont.) Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 14 Functions of Essential Nutrients in the Body Providing energy Regulating body processes Aiding growth and repair of body tissues Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 15 Food, Energy, and Nutrients  Organic nutrients composed of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon CHO, proteins, lipids, and vitamins  Energy-yielding nutrients are organic Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids  Energy released from food measured in kilocalories (kcal: thousands of calories) or calories Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 16 Kilocalorie Values Kilocalorie Value Nutrient per Gram Carbohydrates 4 Proteins 4 Lipids (fats) 9 Alcohol 7 Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 17 Carbohydrates  Major source of energy and dietary fiber  Simple carbohydrates found in fruits, milk, and sweeteners  Complex carbohydrates found in cereals, grains, fruits, and vegetables  All except dietary fiber broken down to units of glucose  Glucose: most efficient form of energy for body Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 18 Proteins  Provide energy and perform extensive functions in body  Composed of 20 amino acids Nine essential amino acids found in animal and plant sources  Consumption of excess protein Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 19  Lipids (Fats)  Provide densest form of energy and other functions in the body and in foods  Three categories of lipids: triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols  Relationship between consumption of lipids and risk for diet-related diseases Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 20 Vitamins  Compounds that indirectly assist other nutrients through processes of digestion, absorption, metabolism, and excretion  Thirteen vitamins, each with specific function  Fat-soluble vitamins and water- soluble vitamins  Found in many foods, especially fruits and vegetables Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 21 Minerals  Serve structural purposes in body and found in body fluids  Sixteen essential minerals, categorized as major and trace minerals  Found in fruits, vegetables, dairy, meats, and legumes Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 22 Water  Functions as major part of every tissue in body  Fluid within which substances can break down and re-form  As blood constituent, provides transportation for nutrients  Equivalent of 9 to 13 cups water a day consumed from foods and beverages Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 23 Dietary Standards  Dietary standards are a guide to adequate nutrient intake levels against which to compare nutrient values of foods consumed. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 24 Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)  Based on  Review of available scientific data  Assessment of nutrient function to reduce risk of chronic and other diseases  Evaluation of nutrient consumption levels among U.S. and Canadian populations  Applicable to various individuals and population groups Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 25 Dietary Reference Intakes: Terms  Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)  Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)  Adequate Intake (AI)  Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)  Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 26 DRIs a set of nutrient intake values used for planning & assessing diets Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 27 Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 28 Use of Dietary Reference Intakes  Planning for large groups, such as the military  Creating dietary standards for governmental food assistance programs  Interpreting food consumption information on individuals and populations  Developing new food products, such as imitation products Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 29 Estimated Average Requirement  1. The average daily amount of a nutrient needed in the diet that will maintain physiological activities and reduce disease risks  2. Different criterion for each nutrient and each gender and age group of people Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 30 Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) – The dietary intake that is sufficient to meet the daily nutrient requirements of 98 percent of the individuals in a specific life stage group and with specific physiologic conditions, such as pregnancy. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 31 Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) 1. Estimates for average daily nutrient intakes which are believed adequate to prevent deficiency in nearly all healthy Americans 2. Goals for individuals Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 32 Adequate Intakes – An estimate of the nutrient intake necessary to maintain a healthy state. The AI is used when there are insufficient data to determine the RDA. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 33 Tolerable Upper Intake Levels – the maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people or no risk of adverse health effects. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 34 Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 35 Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 36 Lippincott Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry 7th Edition 2017 Additional Standards  Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)  Standards of international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 37 Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 38  © 2015 Food and Nutrition Research Institute of Department Science and Technology. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 39 Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 40 Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 41 Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 42 Adequate Eating Patterns Assortment Balance Nutrient density Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 43 Imbalanced Dietary Intake Undernutrition Overnutrition Malnutrition Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 44 Toward a Positive Nutrition Lifestyle  Self-efficacy is the perception of people’s ability to have power over their lives and behaviors. Positive self-efficacy Negative self-efficacy Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 45 POST TEST Give 5 roles of nurses in promoting positive nutrition lifestyle. Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 46 LAB ACTIVITY #2 Create a SKIT/ Divide short drama/role play on how will class in you promote SDGs. to 5  UN Sustainable Development Goals- THE 17 GOALS | Sustainable Development (un.org) GROUPS Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2007 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 49 Dr. Noreen