Well-Known Scientists PDF

Well- Known Scientist (5) Filipino (10) Foreign (5) Filipino Scientists Florencio Medina Sr. (1905-1990) Known as the “Father of Nuclear Research” A teacher, writer of books in mathematics, and advocate of me...

Well- Known Scientist (5) Filipino (10) Foreign (5) Filipino Scientists Florencio Medina Sr. (1905-1990) Known as the “Father of Nuclear Research” A teacher, writer of books in mathematics, and advocate of mental health. the first head of Philippine Atomic Energy commission(Philippine Nuclear Research Institute)  Dr. Gloria de Castro - Bernas She served in the Thomas Aquinas Research Center of the University of Santo Tomas. Obtained her doctorate degree in biochemistry from UP. Her expertise was in cellular biochemistry as applied to cancer research. Her plan involved à procedure called angiogenesis/the formation of new blood cells or metastasis. The development of affordable therapeutics from indigenous natural products was the focus of her lifelong career. Dr. Reinabelle Reyes born on June 29, 1983 in Tokyo, Japan. Filipina astrophysicist verified the general theory of relativity on cosmic scale. Reina Reyes is a Filipina scientist, educator, and public speaker. She is an Associate Professor at the National Institute of Physics in U.P. Diliman. Reyes and her team explains that the way galaxies are clustered-at least from how they are clustered when observed on earth- adheres to Einstein’s gravity. Alfredo Mahar Francisco Lagmay born October 4, 1966 Alfredo Mahar Francisco Lagmay was a National Research Council member. He specialized in experimental psychology and was notable for introducing behavioral studies and hypnosis techniques for relaxation. the most significant contribution was his research on how specific changes happen in human behavior and how that particular behavior could treat mental illnesses in the long run. Angel Alcala Angel Chua Alcala (March 1, 1929 – February 1, 2023) was a Filipino biologist who was named a National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014. His pioneering establishment of no-take marine protected areas (MPA’s) in the 1970s helped the Philippines increase and preserve marine biodiversity, including fisheries. Alcala is known for his fieldwork to build sanctuaries and to promote biodiversity in the aquatic ecosystems of the Philippines (10) Foreign Scientists Archimedes Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor and astronomer Was born c. 287 BC in the seaport city of Syracuse, Sicily Archimedes died c. 212 BC during the Second Punic War Regarded as one of the leading scientist in classical antiquity.  Archimedes contribution to science ❖ He invented the Archimedes screw ❖ How to find the measurement of a circle/how to find the volume of a solid ❖ Mathematically explained how the lever works ❖ Invented the western version of the odometer ❖ Established the foundations of hydrostatics ❖ Established laws pertaining to mechanics, buoyancy and specific gravity Albert Einstein A German-born theoretical physicist He entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics and mathematics in 1896 He gained his diploma in 1901 He contributed to a lot of different topics in physics  Albert Einstein contribution to science ❖ He created the Special Theory of Relativity, which provided the basis for the development of the famous equation E = mc2 ❖ An explanation of the photoelectric effect indicating that light energy came in chunks or quanta, which changed the thinking on the nature of light. ❖ A discussion of Brownian motion demonstrating the existence of molecules ❖ The nature of space and time. ❖ The dynamics of individual moving bodies Isaac Newton Was a physicist, mathematician, astronomer, etc. He was born in 1643 and died in 1727 Described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion Newton was educated at The King’s School, Grantham Obtained his degree in August 1665   Isaac Newton contribution to science ❖ Created the theory of gravity and the 3 laws of gravity ❖ Proved that light travels in a straight line ❖ He calculated the velocity of sound ❖ He formulated most of physical mechanics ❖ He invented integral calculus. ❖ He made a scientific inquiry into the nature of light. ❖ Invented the reflecting telescope based on his studies of light. Rosalind Franklin Franklin finished her bachelor’s degree in 1941 and her doctorate degree in physical chemistry in 1945. She worked as à research fellow at King’s College in the University of London, where she used X-rays to study structure of biological molecules such as DNA, RNA, and viruses.   Rosalind Franklin Contribution to science ❖ She was able to photograph the DNA molecule, clearly showing its helical structure. ❖ Her later work on viruses laid the foundation for structural virology. ❖ She died of ovarian cancer in 1958. ❖ In 1962, the Nobel Prize of Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Watson and Crick, and Wilkins who used Franklin's work on double helix structure of the DNA molecule.  Watson and Crick realized that DNA was made up of two chains of nucleotide pairs that encode the genetic information for all living things.Thus, it became James D. Watson Francis Crick known how genes, and eventually chromosomes, duplicate themselves. James D. Watson (born April 6, 1928) is an American molecular biologist, geneticist, and zoologist. In 1953, he co-authored with Francis Crick the academic paper proposing the double helix structure of the DNA molecule. Watson, Crick and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material". Francis Crick (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004) was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist. He, James Watson, Rosalind Franklin, and Maurice Wilkins played crucial roles in deciphering the helical structure of the DNA molecule. Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who put forth the theory that the Sun is at rest near the center of the Universe, and that the Earth, spinning on its axis once daily, revolves annually around the Sun. This is called the heliocentric, or Sun-centered, system.  Nicolaus Copernicus ❖ Nicolaus Copernicus was born on February 19, 1473 in Torun, a city in north-central Poland on the Vistula River. Copernicus was born into a family of well-to-do merchants, and after his father’s death, his uncle–soon to be a bishop–took the boy under his wing. He was given the best education of the day and bred for a career in canon (church) law.. Paul R. Ehrlich A German Physician and scientist, awarded the Nobel Prize in physiology or Medicine for developing salvarsan as treatment for syphilis after 605 unsuccessful experiments. is fundamental contributions to the field of ecology include path breaking concepts such as coevolution, metapopulation dynamics, ecosystem services and the role of humans in ecological sustainability  Paul R. Ehrlich Contribution to science ❖ he is considered as the founder of chemotherapy, since he was the first scientist to develop targeted pharmaceutical treatment against syphilis using the organic arsenic-based compound, Salvarsan. George de Mestral 19 June 1907 –8 February 1990 George de Mestral was a Swiss electrical engineer who invented the hook and loop fastener which he named Velcro.  George de Mestral Contribution to science ❖ De Mestral called his invention Velcro, from the French words VELours/velours (meaning "velvet") and CROchet /crochet (meaning "hook") and applied for a patent with the Swiss government, which was granted in 1955 ❖ Today, velcro is everywhere. It is used in sneakers, backpacks, jackets, wallets etc. Thomas Edison Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) Thomas Alva Edison exerted a tremendous influence on modern life, contributing inventions such as the incandescent light bulb, the phonograph, and the motion picture camera, as well as improving the telegraph and telephone. Known as the “Inventor of the incandescent light bulb’’ Seatwork 2.2 Instructions: 1. Who among the list of scientists amused you the most? State his/her contribution and give your explanation in 3 three sentences. 2. Give two (2) reasons why that contribution of his/her is useful to the improvement of living. Scoring Guide: Contribution= 3 pts Explanation = 3 pts Reason = 2 x 2 pts = 4 pts TOTAL: 10 pts