WEEK4.pdf

NAME: ____________________________________________ 5. System Management: GRADE LEVEL & SECTION: _________________________ System Control: BIOS manages various system functions DATE: ________________ such as power management, thermal moni...

NAME: ____________________________________________ 5. System Management: GRADE LEVEL & SECTION: _________________________ System Control: BIOS manages various system functions DATE: ________________ such as power management, thermal monitoring, and hardware component status. It helps maintain system WEEK 4 PREPARE INSTALLER stability and performance. Modern BIOS Variants 1. UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface): Advanced Features: UEFI is a modern replacement for traditional BIOS with more advanced features, such as a graphical user interface, support for larger hard drives, and faster boot times. It is now commonly used in most new computers. 2. Legacy BIOS: BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is a firmware Traditional BIOS: Legacy BIOS refers to the original BIOS component in a computer that performs essential firmware that is still used in older systems. It has a text- functions during the startup process. It is responsible for based interface and limited functionality compared to initializing and testing the hardware components and UEFI. loading the operating system. Here’s a breakdown of what BIOS does: Key Functions of BIOS 1. Power-On Self-Test (POST): Hardware Check: BIOS performs a POST to check and verify the computer’s hardware components, such as the CPU, RAM, and storage devices, to ensure they are functioning correctly before loading the operating system. 2. Bootstrap Loader: OS Loading: BIOS locates and loads the operating system from the bootable storage device (e.g., hard drive, SSD, or Accessing BIOS USB drive). It transfers control to the OS once it has been Entering BIOS: To access the BIOS setup utility, you successfully loaded. typically press a specific key during the computer’s startup process, such as F2, DEL, or ESC. The key to 3.Hardware Initialization: accessing BIOS may vary depending on the computer Configuration: BIOS initializes hardware components manufacturer. and configures settings such as the clock speed, memory timings, and device interfaces. It ensures that all hardware components are ready for use by the operating system. 4. Setup Utility: Configuration Settings: BIOS provides a setup utility that allows users to configure hardware settings, manage boot order, and adjust system settings. This utility can be accessed during the startup process, usually by pressing a specific key (e.g., F2, DEL, or ESC). The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) menus on Acer 3. Advanced Menu computers provide a variety of settings and options that allow users to configure hardware, manage system performance, and troubleshoot issues. Accessing the BIOS on an Acer computer typically involves pressing the F2 or Del key immediately after powering on the device. Here's a general overview of the typical BIOS menus found on Acer computers: 1. Information Menu CPU Configuration: Options for enabling/disabling CPU features such as Hyper-Threading, Virtualization Technology, and Turbo Mode. SATA Configuration: Allows you to configure the SATA controller and set the mode (e.g., AHCI, RAID). USB Configuration: Options for enabling/disabling USB ports, USB legacy support, and booting from USB devices. Integrated Peripherals: Settings for built-in hardware components like the audio controller, network adapter, and onboard graphics. Power Management: Options related to power-saving BIOS Version: Displays the current version of the BIOS features, such as Sleep Mode, Wake on LAN, and CPU firmware. power states (C-states). Processor Information: Shows details about the Thermal Configuration: Controls related to fan speed installed CPU, such as model, speed, and number of and thermal management settings. cores. Memory Information: Displays the total installed RAM, 4. Security Menu along with details about memory speed and configuration. 2. Main Menu System Time and Date: Allows you to set the system Supervisor Password: Allows you to set a password to clock and date. restrict access to the BIOS settings. User Password: Sets a password required to boot the system or access certain system features. HDD Password: Sets a password that locks the hard drive, preventing unauthorized access to the data. TPM (Trusted Platform Module): Enables or disables the TPM, which is used for security features like BitLocker encryption. 5. Boot Menu Load Default Settings: Restores the BIOS to its default settings. Save Changes: Saves the changes made in the BIOS without exiting. Discard Changes: Reverts any changes made during the current session without exiting. Accessing the BIOS: To enter the BIOS, restart your Acer computer and repeatedly press F2 (or Del on some models) during startup until the BIOS screen appears. Notes: Boot Priority Order: Allows you to set the order in which The exact layout and available options in the BIOS may devices are checked for bootable media (e.g., HDD/SSD, vary depending on the Acer model and BIOS version. USB drive, CD/DVD). Some advanced features may be hidden in a simplified Boot Mode: Option to switch between UEFI and Legacy user interface, requiring an "Advanced" option or key BIOS boot modes. combination to reveal them. Secure Boot: Controls the Secure Boot feature, which prevents unauthorized operating systems from loading. Always exercise caution when changing BIOS settings, as Fast Boot: Enables or disables fast booting, which can incorrect configurations can affect system stability and speed up the startup process by skipping certain checks. functionality. Boot from Network: Enables booting from a network device using PXE (Preboot Execution Environment). In Acer BIOS, common shortcut keys include: 6. Exit Menu F2: Enter BIOS Setup F12: Boot Menu Delete or Esc: Sometimes used to enter BIOS or access the boot menu, depending on the model. F1 Help Esc: Return to the previous menu or exit Up/Down Arrow Keys: Navigate through menu items Left/Right Arrow Keys: Navigate through menu items F5/F6: Modify values or settings Enter: Select an option or open a submenu F9: Restore default settings (Load Setup Defaults) F10: Save changes and exit Conclusion (IMPORTANCE) BIOS is a critical component of a computer’s firmware that ensures hardware components are properly initialized, and the operating system is loaded. Modern systems use UEFI, which offers additional features and improvements over the traditional BIOS. Understanding Save Changes and Exit: Saves any changes made in the BIOS and its functions helps users manage and BIOS and restarts the computer. troubleshoot their computer systems effectively. Discard Changes and Exit: Exits the BIOS without saving changes. ½ Crosswise Pad 8. What is the purpose of the "Boot Priority Order" setting in the BIOS Boot Menu? DIRECTION: MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the letter of the A) To configure CPU performance correct answer. B) To select the order in which devices are checked for 1. What is the main purpose of BIOS during the computer bootable media startup process? C) To manage power-saving features A) To install applications D) To monitor fan speeds B) To initialize and test hardware components C) To manage user files 9. How can a user typically save his desire settings in D) To increase internet speed BIOS? A) By pressing F1 2. Which of the following is the first function performed by B) By pressing F9 BIOS when a computer is powered on? C) By pressing F10 A) Loading the operating system D) By pressing F5/F6 B) Running the Power-On Self-Test (POST) C) Accessing the internet 10.What is the function of the Power-On Self-Test (POST) D) Starting a backup process in BIOS? A) To install the operating system 3. What is the role of the bootstrap loader in the BIOS? B) To check and verify hardware components before A) Checking the CPU temperature loading the OS B) Loading the operating system from a bootable device C) To format the hard drive C) Installing updates D) To update software drivers D) Monitoring network connections 4.Which key is commonly used to access the BIOS setup utility on an Acer computer? A) F1 B) F2 C) F5 D) F10 5.Which BIOS menu would you use to set the system clock and date? A) Advanced Menu B) Boot Menu C) Information Menu D) Main Menu 6.What does the “Secure Boot” feature in BIOS do? A) Speeds up the computer's startup process B) Prevents unauthorized operating systems from loading C) Enables multiple operating systems on one computer D) Increases internet security 7.Which of the following is a modern replacement for traditional BIOS that offers more advanced features? A) Legacy BIOS B) POST C) UEFI D) CMOS  Common Uses of Rufus: 1.Installing Windows or Linux: Rufus is commonly used to create a bootable USB drive for installing Windows or Linux on a new or existing computer. 2.System Recovery: Users can create a bootable USB drive with system recovery tools to troubleshoot and Rufus is a free and open-source utility for Microsoft repair a malfunctioning system. Windows that allows users to create bootable USB drives 3.Firmware Updates: Rufus can be used to create from ISO images. It is widely used to install operating bootable drives for flashing BIOS/UEFI firmware updates. systems, especially for creating bootable installation media for Windows, Linux, and other operating systems. How to Use Rufus: Here are some key features and functions of Rufus: 1.Download Rufus: Get the latest version of Rufus from its official website. Key Features of Rufus: 2.Insert USB Drive: Plug in the USB drive you want to 1. Creating Bootable USB Drives: make bootable. Rufus allows users to create a bootable USB drive from an 3.Select ISO Image: Choose the ISO file of the operating ISO image file. This is essential for installing an operating system or tool you want to install. system on a computer, especially if it does not have an 4.Configure Settings: Select the partition scheme, file optical drive. system, and other options as required. 5.Start the Process: Click "Start" to begin the process of 2.ISO Image Support: creating the bootable USB drive. Rufus supports a wide range of ISO image formats, 6.Use the USB Drive: Once the process is complete, the including those for Windows, Linux distributions, and USB drive can be used to boot and install the selected other bootable software. operating system or run the software. 3.Fast and Efficient: Use Cases for Rufus: Rufus is known for its speed and efficiency, often creating Operating System Installation: Use Rufus to create a bootable USB drives faster than other similar utilities. bootable USB drive to install operating systems like Windows or Linux. 4.UEFI and Legacy BIOS Support: Running Live Operating Systems: Boot into live Rufus supports both UEFI and Legacy BIOS modes, versions of Linux distributions to use the OS without making it versatile for different types of systems. installing it on your hard drive. System Recovery: Create bootable USBs with recovery 5.Partition Scheme Options: tools or antivirus software to troubleshoot and repair Users can choose between different partition schemes systems. (e.g., MBR for BIOS or GPT for UEFI) depending on their Flashing BIOS or Other Firmware: Some BIOS updates system’s requirements. require booting from a USB drive, which Rufus can help create. 6.File System Options: Rufus provides options to format the USB drive with IMPORTANCE different file systems such as FAT32, NTFS, exFAT, or UDF. Rufus is a simple, yet powerful tool that is widely used for Portable Application: creating bootable USB drives for a variety of purposes, making it an essential utility for IT professionals and Rufus does not require installation and can be run directly regular users alike. from the executable file, making it portable and easy to use on different computers. To install Windows 10 using Rufus, you’ll need a few 10.Boot from USB Drive: things before you start: Once Rufus has finished, the USB drive is now bootable with Windows 10. What You Need: Restart your computer and boot from the USB drive. You 1. A USB Drive: At least 8 GB of storage. may need to change the boot order in your BIOS/UEFI 2. Rufus: You can download it from Rufus' official website. settings to prioritize the USB drive. 3. Windows 10 ISO File: You can download it from the To enter BIOS/UEFI, press a key like F2, F12, ESC, or DEL Microsoft website. immediately after powering on the computer. The key depends on your computer’s manufacturer. Steps to Install Windows 10 Using Rufus: 1.Download Rufus: 11.Install Windows 10: Visit the official Rufus website and download the latest After booting from the USB drive, the Windows Setup version of Rufus. will start. Follow the on-screen instructions to install Windows 10. 2.Download Windows 10 ISO: Select your language, time, and keyboard preferences, Go to the Microsoft website, and download the Windows then click "Next." 10 ISO file. Make sure you select the correct version (32- Click "Install Now," and enter your Windows 10 product bit or 64-bit) according to your system. key if prompted. If you don’t have one, you can choose "I don’t have a product key" to proceed with the 3.Insert USB Drive: installation and activate Windows later. Plug in your USB drive. Make sure it’s empty or that you’ve Choose the version of Windows 10 you want to install, backed up any important data, as this process will erase then select the installation type ("Custom: Install all data on the USB drive. Windows only" for a fresh installation). Select the partition where you want to install Windows 4.Launch Rufus: 10. If you’re installing a new drive, choose the Open the Rufus executable file. You don’t need to install it unallocated space, and Windows will create the as it’s a portable application. necessary partitions. Click "Next" to start the installation process. Your 5.Select USB Drive: computer will restart several times during the In Rufus, under the "Device" section, select the USB drive installation. you inserted. Remove the USB Drive once the copy of the files is completed or 100 percent then the computer will 6.Select the Windows 10 ISO File: restart. Click on the "SELECT" button next to "Boot selection," and browse to the location where you saved the Windows 10 12.Complete Setup: ISO file. Select the ISO file. Once the installation is complete, Windows 10 will 7.Configure Partition Scheme: prompt you to set up your account and preferences. Under "Partition scheme," select the appropriate option: Follow the on-screen instructions to finish setting up MBR for BIOS or UEFI-CSM. your new Windows 10 installation. GPT for UEFI. (Most modern systems use GPT for UEFI.) Your Windows 10 installation is now complete! You can 8.File System: proceed with installing drivers, updates, and your Choose NTFS as the file system if it’s not selected by preferred software. default. 9.Start the Process: After configuring the options, click on "START." Rufus will prompt you with a warning that all data on the USB drive will be erased. Click "OK" to continue. Rufus will start creating the bootable USB drive. This process may take a few minutes. Rubric for Creating a Windows Installer Using Rufus Total Score: __ / 24 Task Description: The task is to create a bootable Windows 10 USB installer using Rufus. This involves preparing the USB drive, configuring Rufus, and ensuring the USB drive is correctly set up for installation. Assignment: 1. Create/compose a short song. Use the steps/ procedures in creating the portable bootable USB using Rufus for the lyrics. 2. Draw different shapes and designs of USB Flash drive. Make a brochure promoting your new created design and shapes of a USB flash drive. Scoring Guide Excellent (4 points): Exceeds expectations in all criteria. The USB drive is well-prepared, correctly configured, and functions flawlessly. The documentation is clear and comprehensive. Good (3 points): Meets expectations with minor issues. The USB drive is functional with some minor errors. Documentation is mostly complete with some minor omissions. Satisfactory (2 points): Meets some expectations. The USB drive works but has significant errors or issues. Documentation is basic and lacks detail. Needs Improvement (1 point): Below expectations. The USB drive fails to work properly, or major issues exist. Documentation is poor or incomplete.  Use Cases for Ventoy: Operating System Installation: Install different operating systems (Windows, various Linux distributions, etc.) from a single USB drive. System Recovery: Boot into various recovery tools or antivirus rescue disks to troubleshoot or repair a Ventoy is an open-source tool that allows you to create a system. bootable USB drive with multiple operating systems or Testing Different OS: Quickly boot into multiple software installation images. Unlike traditional methods operating systems to test or use them without the need where you need to format the USB drive and copy a single for multiple USB drives. ISO file at a time, Ventoy lets you copy multiple ISO files to the USB drive, and you can boot from any of them without IMPORTANCE having to format the drive repeatedly. Ventoy is a powerful tool for anyone who frequently needs to boot from USB drives, whether for installing operating Key Features of Ventoy: systems, troubleshooting, or simply testing different 1. Multi-Boot Support: Ventoy supports multi-boot, software. allowing you to store multiple ISO files on a single USB drive and choose which one to boot from when you start your computer. 2. No Reformatting: Once you set up the USB drive with Ventoy, you can add or remove ISO files without needing to reformat the drive each time. 3. Supports Various ISO Files: Ventoy supports a wide range of ISO files, including Windows, Linux distributions, antivirus tools, recovery tools, and more. 4. Easy to Use: After installing Ventoy on a USB drive, you can simply drag and drop ISO files onto the drive. There’s no need for additional configuration. 5. Open-Source: Ventoy is free and open-source, meaning you can use, modify, and share it without any cost. 6. Persistent Storage: Ventoy also supports persistent storage, allowing you to save data across reboots when using certain Linux distributions. 7. Cross-Platform: Ventoy is available for Windows and Linux, making it versatile for users on different operating systems. How Ventoy Works: Installation: You first use the Ventoy tool to prepare your USB drive. This process installs Ventoy onto the USB drive, setting it up to be multi-boot capable. Add ISO Files: Once Ventoy is installed on the USB drive, you can simply copy multiple ISO files onto the drive, just like you would copy any other file. Booting: When you boot from the Ventoy-prepared USB drive, a menu will appear, allowing you to select which ISO file you want to boot from. This menu is automatically generated based on the ISO files present on the drive.  8.What must be done to add ISO files to a USB drive that ½ Crosswise Pad has Ventoy installed? A) Use a special installation tool DIRECTION: MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the letter of the B) Drag and drop ISO files onto the USB drive correct answer. C) Reinstall Ventoy for each ISO file 1.What is the primary function of Ventoy? D) Format the USB drive A) To format USB drives B) To create bootable USB drives with multiple ISO files 9.What happens when you boot from a USB drive prepared C) To install antivirus software with Ventoy? D) To update system BIOS A) The system automatically installs the first ISO file found B) A menu appears allowing you to select which ISO file to 2.How does Ventoy differ from traditional bootable USB boot from creation methods? C) The system formats the hard drive A) It requires you to format the USB drive every time D) The system performs a hardware diagnostic test B) It allows you to store multiple ISO files on a single USB drive without reformatting 10.Which use case is Ventoy commonly employed for? C) It only supports Windows ISO files A) Encrypting USB drives D) It needs special hardware to function B) Installing multiple operating systems from one USB drive 3.Which of the following is NOT a feature of Ventoy? C) Compressing files A) Multi-boot support D) Creating secure backup copies B) No need for reformatting C) Supports various ISO files D) Automatic virus scanning 4.What types of ISO files can Ventoy support? A) Only Linux distributions B) Only Windows installation files C) Windows, Linux distributions, antivirus tools, and recovery tools D) Only software development tools 5.How does Ventoy handle adding or removing ISO files after installation? A) You must reformat the USB drive B) You need to use a special Ventoy configuration tool C) You can drag and drop ISO files onto the USB drive without reformatting D) You must reinstall Ventoy 6.What is the significance of Ventoy being open-source? A) It costs money to use B) You cannot modify or share it C) It is free to use, and you can modify or share it D) It only works on specific operating systems 7.Which operating systems can Ventoy be used on for creating bootable USB drives? A) Only Windows B) Only Linux C) Both Windows and Linux D) Only Mac OS To install Windows 10 using Ventoy with Secure Boot Step 3: Boot from Ventoy USB disabled, follow these steps: 1.Access Boot Menu: Prerequisites: Restart your computer and press the appropriate 1. Ventoy Tool: Download and install the latest version of key (often F12, F10, or ESC) during startup to Ventoy. access the Boot Menu. 2. USB Flash Drive: A USB drive with at least 8GB of Select the Ventoy USB drive from the list of storage. bootable devices. 3. Windows 10 ISO File: Download the official Windows 10 ISO from Microsoft's website. 2.Select the Windows 10 ISO: Ventoy will display a list of the ISOs you copied to Step 1: Prepare the USB Drive with Ventoy the USB drive. Use the arrow keys to select the Windows 10 ISO 1. Download Ventoy: Visit the Ventoy official website and press Enter. and download the tool for your operating system (Windows/Linux). Step 4: Install Windows 10 2. Install Ventoy on the USB Drive: 1.Follow the Installation Wizard: Insert the USB drive into your computer. After selecting the Windows 10 ISO in Ventoy, the Run Ventoy as an administrator. Windows 10 setup process will begin. Select the USB drive from the list in Ventoy. Follow the on-screen instructions to install Click on the "Install" button. This will format the Windows 10. You'll be prompted to select USB drive and install Ventoy on it. language, time, and keyboard preferences. Confirm any prompts, and wait for the process to complete. 2.Partition the Drive: When prompted, select the drive where you want 3. Copy the Windows 10 ISO: to install Windows 10. You can either format an Once Ventoy is installed on the USB drive, simply drag existing partition or create a new one. and drop the Windows 10 ISO file onto the USB drive. Continue with the installation. Ventoy supports multiple ISOs on the same drive, so you can add more if needed. 3.Complete the Installation: The setup will copy files, install Windows, and Step 2: Disable Secure Boot in BIOS then restart several times. Remove the USB Drive once the copy of the 1. Access BIOS: files is completed or 100 percent then the Restart your computer and press the appropriate key computer will restart. (usually F2, DEL, or ESC) during startup to enter the After the installation is complete, you’ll go BIOS/UEFI setup. through the initial setup for Windows 10, where you can create a user account and configure 2.Disable Secure Boot: settings. In the BIOS/UEFI menu, navigate to the Security or Boot tab. Step 5: Boot into Windows 10 Find the Secure Boot option and set it to Disabled. 1.Complete Setup: Save changes and exit the BIOS/UEFI. After your computer restarts, it should boot into Windows 10. Complete any remaining setup steps and start using your new Windows 10 installation. This method allows you to easily install Windows 10 using Ventoy, especially useful for systems where Secure Boot needs to be disabled to allow booting from the Ventoy USB drive. Rubric for Creating a Windows Installer Using Ventoy Total Points: __/30 Assignment: Create/compose a short song. Use the steps/ procedures in creating the portable bootable USB using Ventoy for the lyrics.