Week 8.docx

**Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing a substance use disorder according to the DSM-5?** - A. Larger amounts consumed than intended - B. Persistent desire to cut down - C. Experiencing euphoria without the substance - D. Significant time spent on substance-related ac...

**Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing a substance use disorder according to the DSM-5?** - A. Larger amounts consumed than intended - B. Persistent desire to cut down - C. Experiencing euphoria without the substance - D. Significant time spent on substance-related activities - E. Cravings for the substance **What is the most common substance use disorder in Australia?** - A. Methamphetamine use disorder - B. Cannabis use disorder - C. Alcohol use disorder - D. Opioid use disorder - E. Tobacco use disorder **Which theoretical perspective emphasizes the role of genetic predisposition in substance use disorders?** - A. Cognitive - B. Social/Cultural - C. Biological - D. Behavioral - E. Psychodynamic **According to the disease model of addiction, substance use disorders are primarily characterized by which of the following?** - A. Environmental factors - B. Loss of control due to brain impairment - C. Conscious choice - D. Learned behaviors - E. Cultural influences **Which neurotransmitter is most implicated in the reward system associated with substance dependence?** - A. Serotonin - B. Norepinephrine - C. Dopamine - D. GABA - E. Acetylcholine **Which of the following is TRUE about methamphetamine use in Australia?** - A. Its prevalence has decreased significantly since 2000. - B. Methamphetamine users predominantly use the drug intravenously. - C. It has remained confined to urban areas. - D. Crystal methamphetamine is a less potent form. - E. Public health campaigns have had no impact on its use. **A major criticism of the choice theory of addiction is that it fails to account for what aspect of substance use disorders?** - A. Genetic predisposition - B. Environmental influences - C. Cognitive processes - D. Loss of control - E. Social modeling **Which of the following best describes the "abstinence violation effect"?** - A. A belief that total abstinence is impossible - B. Guilt and powerlessness after a lapse - C. A conscious choice to relapse - D. The physical symptoms of withdrawal - E. None of the above **What is the main goal of pharmacological interventions in treating substance use disorders?** - A. To provide a placebo effect - B. To eliminate the substance from the body - C. To replace one substance with another - D. To reduce the reinforcing effects of the substance - E. To treat co-occurring mental health conditions **Which of the following is NOT a common withdrawal symptom of opioids?** - A. Diarrhea - B. Piloerection - C. Hallucinations - D. Nausea and vomiting - E. Muscle aches **Which perspective is most likely to consider the impact of peer pressure in the development of substance use disorders?** - A. Cognitive - B. Social/Cultural - C. Biological - D. Behavioral - E. Psychodynamic **The incentive-sensitization theory of addiction suggests that over time, users will want the drug more but will not necessarily like it more.** - A. True - B. False **Which of the following is NOT a treatment goal for substance use disorders?** - A. Complete abstinence - B. Controlled use - C. Harm reduction - D. Increased substance use - E. Minimizing withdrawal symptoms **Which of the following statements about gambling disorder is FALSE?** - A. It can be diagnosed based on persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior. - B. It often leads to significant impairment or distress. - C. The prevalence of gambling disorder is higher than alcohol use disorder. - D. Cognitive distortions play a significant role in its etiology. - E. It is treated using cognitive-behavioral therapy. **What is the term for the phenomenon where a previously neutral stimulus elicits a response due to its association with a substance?** - A. Classical conditioning - B. Operant conditioning - C. Sensitization - D. Habituation - E. Extinction **Which of the following does NOT typically happen during the detoxification process?** - A. Initial evaluation - B. Stabilization - C. Linkage with treatment services - D. Long-term psychological therapy - E. Medical support through withdrawal **Which of the following is a common treatment for opioid use disorder?** - A. Methadone - B. Antabuse - C. Naltrexone - D. Buprenorphine - E. Both A and D **A double negative: Which of the following is NOT untrue about the role of cognitive distortions in gambling disorder?** - A. They do not contribute to the development of the disorder. - B. They are irrelevant in treating the disorder. - C. They exacerbate the disorder. - D. They have no impact on gambling behavior. - E. They are unimportant for the diagnosis. **What factor is NOT associated with the development of substance use disorders in Cloninger's tri-dimensional personality theory?** - A. Novelty-seeking - B. Harm avoidance - C. Reward dependence - D. High intelligence - E. Neuroanatomical differences **Which statement is FALSE regarding the epidemiology of substance use disorders?** - A. Substance use disorders predominantly occur in young people. - B. Early initiation of substance use is associated with higher risk of disorder. - C. Indigenous populations have lower rates of substance use disorders. - D. Alcohol is the most commonly used substance. - E. Substance use disorders decrease with age. **Which of the following is NOT a component of the PRIME theory of motivation?** - A. Plans - B. Responses - C. Impulses - D. Emotions - E. Evaluations **Which of the following is TRUE about the comorbidity of substance use disorders and other mental disorders?** - A. Comorbidity rates are low. - B. Those with comorbid conditions typically have better outcomes. - C. Substance use often exacerbates other mental health problems. - D. There is no significant impact on physical health. - E. Substance use does not affect treatment outcomes. **Which of the following best describes the impact of colonization on substance use disorders among Indigenous populations?** - A. Increased resilience against substance use - B. Reduced rates of substance use disorders - C. No impact on substance use behaviors - D. Historical and continuing social and economic marginalization - E. Improved access to treatment services **What is the primary role of antagonist medications in the treatment of substance use disorders?** - A. To produce pleasurable effects - B. To block the rewarding effects of the substance - C. To mimic the effects of the substance - D. To enhance withdrawal symptoms - E. To replace the substance with a less harmful one **A double negative: Which of the following is NOT unlikely to be a reason for the high comorbidity between substance use disorders and other mental health disorders?** - A. Substance use as self-medication - B. Substances causing mental health problems - C. A third factor causing both conditions - D. Substance use having no impact on mental health - E. Environmental influences **Which of the following is TRUE about the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating substance use disorders?** - A. CBT is ineffective for substance use disorders. - B. CBT focuses on changing maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors. - C. CBT is not used in combination with other treatments. - D. CBT primarily addresses biological factors. - E. CBT has no role in relapse prevention. **Which of the following does NOT describe a common symptom of alcohol withdrawal?** - A. Tremors - B. Hallucinations - C. Seizures - D. Euphoria - E. Anxiety **Which of the following is a key feature of the inhibition dysregulation theory?** - A. Substance use as a rational choice - B. Impairment of the neural system responsible for inhibiting rewarding behavior - C. Genetic predisposition - D. Social and cultural influences - E. Environmental factors **Which of the following statements about synthetic drugs is TRUE?** - A. They are less dangerous than plant-based drugs. - B. They do not pose a significant public health threat. - C. They have predictable effects on users. - D. They are associated with psychosis, stroke, and death. - E. They are not commonly used in Oceania and East and South-East Asia. **Which of the following is NOT an example of a psychosocial treatment for substance use disorders?** - A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy - B. Motivational interviewing - C. Antagonist medications - D. Contingency management - E. Group therapy