Kinship and Descent - Week 5 Handouts PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by RationalOpArt
Tags
Summary
These are lecture notes on kinship and descent systems. The content discusses various kinship systems, descent patterns, different types of marriage, and kinship charts. It includes detailed information on unilineal descent, non-unilineal descent, residence patterns, and marriage practices.
Full Transcript
Kinship and Descent Lecture Outline Kinship o Inuit Kinship System o Haudenosaunee Kinship System Descent (Consanguine/Blood Relations) o Unilineal Descent o Patrilineal Descent o Matrilineal Descent Non-unilineal Descent...
Kinship and Descent Lecture Outline Kinship o Inuit Kinship System o Haudenosaunee Kinship System Descent (Consanguine/Blood Relations) o Unilineal Descent o Patrilineal Descent o Matrilineal Descent Non-unilineal Descent o Double Descent o Bilateral Descent o Ambilineal Descent Marriage (Affinal/In-law Relations) o Defined o Spousal Preferences o Selecting a Spouse o Types of Marriage Kinship Dynamics – Key Definitions kinship system – kin relations and the kinds of behavior associated with those relations; often described on diagrams or charts using kin terms kinship diagram – a way of presenting data graphically about the kin relations of a particular individual (called ‘ego’) (works up from the individual) genealogy – a record of a person’s relatives starting with an ancestor (works down to individual) descent system – the kinship principles traced through parent-child links descent group – a group defined by the descent system; a group of related people descended from a real or mythical ancestor Types of Decent Systems: o Unilineal Descent – decent through the mother or the father Patrilineal – through the father’s line Matrilineal – through the mother’s line o Double Descent – combines matrilineal and patrilineal patterns (unilineal or non-unilineal) o Non-unilineal descent – descent through mother and father’s line, or, a choice between the two Bilateral –descent is reckoned through the lines of both parents relatively equally Ambilineal – descent is reckoned either parent’s line and the individual (or the parents for the individual) is able to choose his or her affiliation with one group or the other Residence Patterns o Patrilocal – with the husband’s family o Matrilocal – with the wife’s family o Avunculocal – with the wife’s brother’s family (maternal uncle) o Bilocal – with either the wife or the husband’s family o Neolocal – a new residence location after marriage Marriage – practice of creating socially and legally recognized partnerships within society o Preference Rules – rules governing preferred marriage partners endogamy – marriage within a group exogamy – marriage outside of a group o Forms of Marriage monogamy – one spouse polygamy – more than one spouse polygyny – one husband; more than one wife polyandry – rare; one wife; more than one husband lineages: sets of related kin tracing ancestry to a known ancestor clans: kin from related lineages, descended from a common ancestor who may or may not be identified; tracing the connections is difficult or impossible; groups of lineages phratries: groups of clans moieties: a single pair of unilineal descent groups that make up a society; both groups have a common ancestor; made up of clans or phratries Legend for Kinship Charts O female ∆ male □ non-specific gender / ego = marriage tie / spousal tie / parental tie Kinship System Charts Inuit System Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) System / Also Maisin Maisin Kinship System Descent System Charts Patrilineal System Matrilineal System