Spa Health and Safety Studies Week 3 PDF

Spa Health and Safety Studies WELCOME Week 3 Kent Jones 1  Review/Understanding bacteria, viruses, fungi & parasites Lesson How basic microbiology applies to PSS (what, where, why Objective and when) Quiz #1 / based on week 2 & 3...

Spa Health and Safety Studies WELCOME Week 3 Kent Jones 1  Review/Understanding bacteria, viruses, fungi & parasites Lesson How basic microbiology applies to PSS (what, where, why Objective and when) Quiz #1 / based on week 2 & 3 2   one-celled micro organisms that have both plant and animal characteristics.  microscopic or sub microscopic size.  pathogenic vs non-pathogenic Bacteria  can exist almost anywhere (skin, water, air, decayed matter, surfaces, bodily fluids, clothing, or under the free edge of nails.  can double every 20 minutes 3   Non-Pathogenic  Most bacteria or non-pathogenic.  can be found in yoghurt, cheese, and some medicines.  help the body break down food and protect against infection. They also stimulate the immune system. Bacteria 4   Pathogenic  Microorganisms that can cause disease or infection.  Found in salons, spas, long term care homes, medical facilities, and schools.  strict standards (cleaning/disinfecting/sterilizing) needed Bacteria to prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms. 5   1. Cocci: Round-shaped, singly(alone) or in groups. Classifications  Staphylococci: Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like of Bacteria grapes; cause abscesses, pustules, and boils  Streptococci: Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of Beads; cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.  Diplococci: Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause three distinct shapes diseases such as pneumonia.  2. Bacilli: Short, rod-shaped. They are the most common and produce diseases such as influenza, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.  3. Spirilla: Spiral or corkscrew-shaped. They cause syphilis (STD), or Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes lime disease. Please reference MSE Chapter 5 – page 80 and 81 for diagrams of different shapes. 6   Bacteria consist of an outer cell wall that contains liquid called protoplasm. Bacterial  Bacterial cells manufacture their own food through what they absorb from the surrounding environment. Growth &  They give off waste products, grow, and reproduce. Reproduction  The lifecycle of bacteria consists of two distinct phases the active stage in the in-active (dormant) or spore forming stage. 7  ACTIVE STAGE  Bacteria grow and reproduce. Bacteria  Conditions are favourable e.g. warm, dark, damp or dirty places/organic matter.  Reaching its largest size it then divides into two cells. Growth &  The cells that are formed are called daughter cells. Reproduction  This process continues to repeat itself. ACTIVE  Bacteria double every 20 minutes STAGE 8  IN-ACTIVE STAGE Bacteria  Certain bacteria can coat themselves with wax like outer shells called a spore. Growth &  able to withstand long periods of famine, dryness, and unsuitable temperatures. Reproduction  spores are not killed by most disinfectants  When favourable conditions are restored, the IN-ACTIVE spores then can change into the active form they STAGE once were and then begin to grow and reproduce again.  Therefore, even bacteria in the inactive stage can ultimately be a threat to the spread of disease or infection in the salon. 9  parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of an organism. capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function. cause common colds and other respiratory and Viruses gastrointestinal infections. Examples are : Measles , Mumps, Chickenpox, Smallpox, Rabies, yellow fever, polio Hepatitis / HIV which causes AIDS / Influenza One difference between viruses and bacteria: virus can live and reproduce only by taking over cells and becoming part of them. bacteria can live and reproduce on their own 10 Viruses Disease causing microorganisms that are carried into the body by blood or body fluids Bloodborne Such as hepatitis, HIV Pathogens Found in PSS, long term care, medical, dental 11   microscopic plant parasites that include mold, mildew’s, and yeasts  obtain nourishment from dead organic matter or from living organisms (called THE HOST) Fungi  can produce contagious diseases, such as athletes foot , nail fungus  most fungi are non-pathogenic and make up many of the body’s normal flora 12   Grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism  That organism or person is referred to as the Host  Parasites can live on or inside of humans and animals Parasites  Humans can acquire parasites by eating fish or meat that has not been cooked properly  Parasites that affect humans on or in the skin include things like head lice, ticks, fleas, mites and likes to name a few 13   the ability of the body to destroy and resist infection.  can either be natural or acquired and is a good sign of good health  Natural immunity is partly inherited and Immunity partly developed through healthy living.  Acquired immunity is immunity that the body develops after overcoming a  disease, inoculation [eg flu shot/ vaccinations]  exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed 14   occurs when another organism enters a body and causes disease.  Can be caused by such things as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites INFECTION 15  There can be no bacterial infection without the presence of pathogenic bacteria Infection can lead to inflammation Inflammation is a condition in which the Bacteria body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection. Infections characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling PUS is a fluid created by infection PUS contains white blood cells, bacteria, and dead cells and when present it is a sign of bacterial infection A local infection, such as a pimple or abscess, is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus 16  Staphylococci are among the most common bacteria that affect humans Can be found on : SURFACES in salons, spas, medical facilities, medi-spas Bacteria skin-to-skin DIRECT CONTACT eg shaking hands Infections the use of unclean INSTRUMENTS OR TOOLS Staphylococcus is responsible for food poisoning and a wide range of diseases, including toxic shock syndrome 17  Viral infections are not affected by antibiotics Viruses are hard to kill without harming the body’s own cells in the process Viral Vaccinations prevent viruses from growing in the body Infections HIV, Hepatitis, influenza, covid-19 Hepatitis B does have a vaccine and health authorities recommend that service providers in industries with direct contact to the public should ask the doctor to get a hepatitis B vaccine 18 Viral common viral infection found in Infections salons, spas Another common HPV name for HPV is Human plantar warts. papillomavirus HPV is highly contagious, difficult to kill, and can be passed from client to client by the use of contaminated FOOTBATHS IMPLEMENTS and TOOLS. 19  Tinea Pedis / Athlete's foot is a fungal infection that usually begins between the toes. It commonly occurs in people whose feet have become very sweaty while confined within tightfitting shoes. Symptoms of athlete's foot include a scaly rash that usually causes itching, stinging and burning. FUNGAL Tinea corporis / Ringworm, is a superficial fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the arms and legs, Infections especially on glabrous skin (where no hair is present); however, it may occur on any part of the body. Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail. Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. Folliculitis is an inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from ingrown hairs as a result of shaving or other epilation methods 20  Headlice, responsible for contagious diseases and Parasite conditions. One condition caused by an infestation of head lice is called pediculosis capitis Infestation Scabies is also contagious skin disease and is caused by the itch mite, which boroughs under the skin 21 Some are easier to kill than others… Fungus 22 Where to ✓SURFACES e.g. mani-tables, ss bowl, reception areas, doorknobs – others ? find pathogens in ✓IMPLEMENTS / TOOLS e.g. foot files, nippers’, clippers, comedone extractors – other ? PSS ✓FOOTBATHS e.g. circulating & non-circulating 23  SERVICE SURFACES TOOLS FOOTBATHS Mani-Pedi ss bowls Files Circulating mani-tables pumice stone Non Nippers clippers circulating Facials Treatment Dermarollers n/a rooms Extractors Where to Waxing Treatment Wax rollers n/a find rooms/beds Application sticks 1xuse pathogens in only Machines Treatment Applicator tips n/a PSS rooms/beds Tattoo Workstations Needles 1xuse n/a only service ? ? service ? ? 24  SERVICE SURFACES TOOLS FOOT BATHS Mani-Pedi Fungal (nail skin) Staph infections Fungal (nail influenza fungal and skin) What Facials Influenza Staph infections n/a Bloodborne Bloodborne pathogens Waxing Influenza Folliculitis n/a you find in Bloodborne Machines Influenza Staph infections n/a PSS Bloodborne Bloodborne Tattoo Bloodborne Needles 1xuse n/a Influenza only service ? ? service ? ? 25 York Region 26 York Region 27  Congrats on completing week 3! Lesson Complete Week 4 The Chain of Infection QUIZ #1 Good luck. 28