Understanding Human Organ Systems - Lesson Plan PDF

Week: 18 Lesson 1 Understanding Human Organ Systems  Timing: 5min Learning Objective: Students will be able to To understand the structure, function, and interdependence of human organ systems through engaging multimedia and hands-on tasks. Success Criteria: 1. Evaluate how o...

Week: 18 Lesson 1 Understanding Human Organ Systems  Timing: 5min Learning Objective: Students will be able to To understand the structure, function, and interdependence of human organ systems through engaging multimedia and hands-on tasks. Success Criteria: 1. Evaluate how organ systems collaborate to maintain homeostasis and respond to external and internal changes. 2. Analyze the consequences of dysfunction in one organ system and its impact on others. 3. Design a solution or model to demonstrate the interdependence of organ systems and propose solutions for system failure. Vocabulary Homeostasis: The body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment. Interdependence: How systems rely on each other to function effectively. Circulation: The movement of blood through the body. Respiration: The process of oxygen intake and carbon dioxide release. Excretion: The elimination of waste products from the body. Stimulus: A signal that triggers a response in the body. Pre-Assessment: Multiple-Choice Questions 1. Which organ system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to the body’s cells? A. Nervous System B. Circulatory System C. Respiratory System D. Digestive System 2. What is the primary role of the excretory system? A. To break down food B. To remove waste from the body C. To deliver oxygen to tissues D. To send signals to muscles 3. How do the respiratory and circulatory systems work together? A. The respiratory system delivers oxygen, and the circulatory system transports it to the cells. B. The circulatory system controls breathing, while the respiratory system filters waste. C. Both systems transport nutrients to the digestive system. D. The circulatory system removes carbon dioxide, while the respiratory system delivers hormones. Pre-Assessment answers : 1=b 2=b 3=a Results: 0= orange task 1-2=yellow task 3=green task Task 2: : Extension Task: Organ Sorting Activity Instructions: 1. Group Setup: Divide students into groups of 3-4. 2. Task: Sort organ cards into the correct system and match them to their functions (e.g., Brain → Nervous System → Controls body functions). 3. Time Limit: Set a timer for 5 minutes. 4. Winning Criteria: The first group to complete the task accurately wins. 5. Discussion: Review correct answers as a class and clarify any misconceptions Handout Task 1: Task 3:. Advanced Level: Research Task Activity: Research and Present Activity: Watch and Discuss: Play the video "How the Body Instructions: Works: Organ Systems Explained" Link 1. Assign each student or pair a condition affecting an organ system (e.g., asthma, kidney failure, osteoporosis). Instructions: 2. Students research: 3. The system affected. 1. Students watch the video, which covers the basics of the four systems. 4. Symptoms and how other systems are impacted. 2. Pause at key moments to ask guiding questions: 5. Possible treatments or management strategies. 3. "What role does the circulatory system play in delivering oxygen?" 6. Students create a Google Slide or Canva presentation summarizing their 4. After the video, students write a summary of one system covered in findings. the video. 7. Example Conditions: Asthma (Respiratory System), Diabetes (Endocrine System), Heart Disease (Circulatory System), Kidney Failure (Excretory System) Explain 1. Control Systems (Nervous and Endocrine Systems) – 4 Minutes Nervous System Key Organs: Brain, spinal cord, nerves. Function: The control center of the body that processes information and sends electrical signals to coordinate actions and responses. Example: ○ When you touch a hot surface, your nerves send a signal to the brain, which processes the information and sends a response to move your hand. ○ Controls involuntary processes like breathing and heartbeat. Connection to Other Systems: ○ Works with the muscular system for movement. ○ Regulates the respiratory system to adjust breathing rates. Endocrine System Key Organs: Thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, pituitary gland. Function: Produces hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood. Example: ○ The pancreas releases insulin to regulate blood sugar. If it fails, it can lead to diabetes, which impacts multiple systems (circulatory, nervous, etc.). Connection to Other Systems: ○ Works with the digestive system to manage blood sugar. ○ Regulates the reproductive system through hormones. 2. Structural Systems (Skeletal and Muscular Systems) – 4 Minutes Skeletal System Key Organs: Bones, joints. Function: Provides structure, protects internal organs, stores minerals like calcium, and produces blood cells. Example: ○ The skull protects the brain, and ribs shield the lungs and heart. ○ Bones act as levers that muscles pull on to create movement. Connection to Other Systems: ○ Works with the muscular system for movement. ○ Supports the circulatory system by producing blood cells in bone marrow. Muscular System Key Organs: Skeletal muscles, tendons. Function: Enables movement, posture, and heat production by contracting and relaxing. Example: ○ The heart is a muscle that pumps blood, and skeletal muscles allow you to walk or lift objects. Connection to Other Systems: ○ Works with the circulatory system to pump blood (cardiac muscle). ○ Requires energy from the digestive system (nutrients) and respiratory system (oxygen). 3. Oxygen and Transport Systems (Respiratory and Circulatory Systems) – 4 Minutes Respiratory System Key Organs: Lungs, trachea, diaphragm. Function: Delivers oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide from the body. Example: ○ During exercise, the respiratory system increases oxygen intake to supply muscles. Connection to Other Systems: ○ Works with the circulatory system to transport oxygen to tissues and remove carbon dioxide. ○ Regulated by the nervous system, which controls breathing rate. Circulatory System Key Organs: Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries. Function: Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products through blood. Example: ○ After eating, the circulatory system delivers nutrients from the digestive system to the cells. Connection to Other Systems: ○ Works with the respiratory system for oxygen delivery. ○ Removes waste products through the excretory system. 4. Food and Waste Processing Systems (Digestive and Excretory Systems) – 3 Minutes Digestive System Key Organs: Stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas. Function: Breaks down food into nutrients for energy and growth. Example: ○ The stomach digests food, and the intestines absorb nutrients into the blood. Connection to Other Systems: ○ Works with the circulatory system to deliver nutrients to cells. ○ Regulated by the nervous system during digestion. Excretory System Key Organs: Kidneys, bladder, ureters. Function: Removes waste products and maintains fluid balance in the body. Example: ○ The kidneys filter blood, producing urine to eliminate toxins. Connection to Other Systems: ○ Works with the circulatory system to filter blood. ○ Regulated by the endocrine system, which controls water balance. Mid-Assessment Multiple-Choice Questions 1. Which two systems work together to deliver oxygen to the body's cells? A. Digestive and Excretory Systems B. Nervous and Endocrine Systems C. Respiratory and Circulatory Systems D. Skeletal and Muscular Systems 2. What happens if the kidneys in the excretory system stop functioning properly? A. The respiratory system will increase oxygen intake. B. Waste products will build up in the body, affecting other systems. C. The skeletal system will begin to produce urine. D. The nervous system will stop responding to stimuli. 3. How does the digestive system support the muscular system? A. By sending signals to muscles for movement. B. By providing oxygen for muscle contraction. C. By breaking down food into nutrients that muscles use for energy. D. By filtering waste to keep muscles healthy. Mid-Assessment answers : 1=c 2=b 3=c Results: 0= orange task 1-2=yellow task 3=green task Task 2: : Extension Task: Activity: Case Study Analysis Objective: Analyze how dysfunction in one organ system affects others. Technology Integration: Use Google Docs or Jamboard for collaborative work. Instructions: 1. Divide students into pairs or small groups and provide a case study about a specific condition (e.g., asthma, kidney failure, diabetes). 2. Each group answers these questions on a shared document or board: What system is directly affected? How does this impact other systems? What strategies can help manage or treat this condition? 3. Groups present a summary of their findings to the class. Task 1: Task 3:. Advanced Level: Research Task Activity: Interactive Drag-and-Drop Matching Activity: Create an Infographic or Model Objective: Reinforce understanding of organ systems, their functions, Objective: Design a visual representation of how two or more systems work together to maintain homeostasis. and key organs. Technology Integration: Use Canva, Piktochart, or Tinkercad. Technology Integration: Use Word Wall link as interactive Instructions: drag-and-drop activity. Link 1. Students work individually or in pairs to create an infographic or digital model illustrating: Instructions: How systems like respiratory and circulatory systems interact during exercise. Real-life examples of their interdependence (e.g., oxygen delivery, waste removal). 1. Students are given a digital worksheet where they match organs to 2. Infographic/model must include: systems and functions. Key organs involved. ○ Example: Match lungs → respiratory system → facilitates Processes (e.g., oxygen transport, nutrient absorption). gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out). Visuals (diagrams, arrows, flowcharts). 3. Students present their infographic or model to the class. Question 1: Which system is directly responsible for removing carbon dioxide from the body? A. Circulatory System B. Digestive System C. Respiratory System D. Nervous System Question 2: Which two systems work together to allow movement of the body? A. Muscular and Skeletal Systems B. Nervous and Digestive Systems C. Respiratory and Circulatory Systems D. Excretory and Muscular Systems Question 3: A person is experiencing difficulty breathing due to a problem in their respiratory system. Which other system is likely to be immediately affected and why? A. Nervous System, because it controls breathing patterns. B. Circulatory System, because it cannot deliver enough oxygen to the body. C. Digestive System, because it relies on oxygen for breaking down food. D. Excretory System, because it will stop filtering toxins from the blood. (Answer: B) Exit-Assessment answers : 1=c 2=a 3=b Results: 0= orange task 1-2=yellow task 3=green task  Lesson 2 Lesson Plan: Observing Tissues Under the Microscope Laboratory experiment hand-on Learning Objective: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 1. Differentiate between various tissue types (e.g., epithelial, muscle, nerve, connective). 2. Observe and identify structures of tissues under the microscope. 3. Analyze how the structure of each tissue relates to its function in the body. Instruction Learning Objectives (LOs) By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 1. Analyze how body systems interact to regulate functions, respond to stimuli, and maintain homeostasis. 2. Evaluate the role of hormones in controlling body functions and regulating responses to internal and external changes. 3. Design a visual or simulation model to demonstrate system interaction and explain how they work together to transport materials and respond to stimuli. Success Criteria 1. I can identify the roles of different body systems (nervous, endocrine, circulatory, etc.) in controlling body functions and responding to stimuli. 2. I can explain how hormones regulate processes and interact with other systems to maintain homeostasis. 3. I can create a detailed and accurate model or simulation that shows how body systems collaborate during a specific response, such as the fight-or-flight reaction. Pre-Assessment: Multiple-Choice Questions Question 1: Which system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body? A. Digestive System B. Circulatory System C. Nervous System D. Respiratory System Question 2: What happens when the nervous system detects a stimulus, like touching a hot surface? A. Hormones are released to cool the body. B. The circulatory system increases blood flow to the area. C. A signal is sent to muscles to respond. D. The digestive system absorbs nutrients. Question 3: If the pancreas stops producing insulin, which system is directly impacted, and what might happen? A. Nervous System, leading to paralysis. B. Endocrine System, leading to high blood sugar levels. C. Circulatory System, leading to low oxygen levels. D. Digestive System, leading to malabsorption. Exit-assessment answers : 1=b 2=c 3=b Task two: Create and Play a Matching Game Extension Task: Objective: Design a Flashcard and play a game to match body systems with their functions and interactions. Instructions: 1. Create a flashcard with at least 6 function cards, 6 system cards, and 2 interaction cards.Pair up and swap cards. 2. Match the functions to the correct system or systems. 3. answers using the system function chart provided on pg 78-79 Task 1 : Task 3: Activity: Watch a Video and Take Notes Activity: Research and Present Objective: Identify and summarize key ideas about system interaction and their roles in controlling body functions. Objective: Investigate a condition related to system interaction and create a short presentation.. Instructions: Instruction: Link 1. Watch the Video: ○ Play the video “How Body Systems Work Together” Link Prepare a Presentation: ○ Additional Link2 Link3 Create a Google Slide or poster summarizing your findings. ○ Focus on examples of system interaction, like how the nervous and Include diagrams and explanations of system interactions. muscular systems work together to respond to stimuli. ○ Take notes in your notebook about each system interaction and their Present to the Class: roles. Share your research in 2-3 minutes, focusing on how the systems collaborate and the importance of maintaining balance. 1. Controlling Body Functions The nervous system and endocrine system are the primary systems responsible for controlling body functions. Nervous System: ○ Acts as the body’s control center by sending electrical signals through the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. ○ It handles both voluntary (e.g., moving your hand) and involuntary actions (e.g., heartbeat, breathing). ○ Example: When you touch a hot surface, sensory nerves send a signal to the brain, which processes the information and sends a command to pull your hand away. Endocrine System: ○ Produces hormones, chemical messengers that regulate long-term processes like growth, metabolism, and mood. ○ Example: The thyroid gland releases hormones that regulate metabolism and energy use. 2. Transporting Materials The circulatory system and respiratory system work closely together to transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products. Respiratory System: ○ Brings oxygen into the body through the lungs and removes carbon dioxide. ○ Example: When you inhale, oxygen enters your lungs and is absorbed into the blood. Circulatory System: ○ The heart pumps oxygenated blood through arteries to deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells. ○ Veins transport deoxygenated blood and waste products back to the lungs and kidneys for removal. ○ Example: After eating, nutrients from digested food are absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to cells for energy. 3. Stimulus and Response The nervous system works with the muscular system to produce quick responses to stimuli. Example: Touching Something Hot ○ Stimulus: Sensory nerves detect the heat and send a signal to the spinal cord (part of the nervous system). ○ Processing: The spinal cord processes the signal and sends a command to the muscles. ○ Response: Muscles contract to pull your hand away from the hot surface. Interaction with Other Systems: ○ The circulatory system may increase blood flow to the affected area to help repair any damage. ○ The endocrine system may release hormones like adrenaline in more severe situations, triggering a fight-or-flight response. 4. Hormonal Control The endocrine system plays a vital role in regulating processes through hormones. Hormones are released into the bloodstream by glands and affect specific target organs. Examples of Hormonal Control: ○ Blood Sugar Regulation: The pancreas produces insulin, which helps cells absorb glucose from the blood. If blood sugar levels are too high or too low, insulin or glucagon adjusts the levels to maintain balance. ○ Fight-or-Flight Response: The adrenal glands release adrenaline when the body perceives danger. Adrenaline increases heart rate and breathing, providing energy for the muscles to respond quickly. ○ Growth and Development: Hormones like growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland regulate bone and tissue growth. Summary of System Interactions 1. Nervous and Muscular Systems: Work together for quick responses to stimuli. 2. Respiratory and Circulatory Systems: Collaborate to deliver oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. 3. Endocrine System and All Other Systems: Regulate processes like metabolism, stress response, and growth. 4. Circulatory System and Digestive System: Transport nutrients absorbed from food to cells throughout the body. Example of Systems Working Together Exercise (Running): 1. Nervous System: Detects the need for increased energy and sends signals to muscles to contract. 2. Respiratory System: Increases breathing rate to bring in more oxygen. 3. Circulatory System: Pumps oxygenated blood faster to supply muscles with oxygen and nutrients. 4. Endocrine System: Releases hormones like adrenaline to boost heart rate and energy supply. Mid-assessment Question 1: Which system delivers oxygen to the body’s cells? A. Nervous System B. Circulatory System C. Muscular System D. Digestive System Question 2: What happens when the nervous system detects a danger signal, like touching something hot? A. Hormones are released to digest food. B. The circulatory system pumps extra blood to the area. C. The nervous system sends signals to muscles to respond. D. The digestive system absorbs nutrients to generate energy. Question 3: If the endocrine system fails to produce insulin, how does this impact the body? A. Oxygen transport decreases, and muscles stop moving. B. Blood sugar levels increase, affecting multiple systems. C. Nerve signals stop, leading to paralysis. D. Blood pressure drops, and the body cannot maintain balance. Mid-assessment answers : 1=b 2=c 3=b Results: 0= orange task 1-2=yellow task 3=green task Task two: Design a Response Flow Chart or Model Extension Task: Objective: Create a detailed model showing system interaction in a given scenario. Instruction: 1. Choose a Scenario: 2. Design a Flowchart or Model 3. Present Your Work: More instructions Task 3: Application Task 1 : Activity: Play Wordwall Game and Write Matching Statements Objective: Reinforce understanding of body systems and their functions Activity: Research and Create a Digital Presentation on System Interaction through matching activities. Instructions: Objective: Investigate a specific condition related to body system interaction and create a professional digital presentation to explain findings. Access the Game: Use the Wordwall link provided by the teacher to play the "Match the System to Its Function" game. Link Instructions: Drag and match each statement to the correct system. Complete all levels of the game. 1. Choose a Research Topic Record Matches: In your notebook, write each correct match as a sentence. 2. Conduct Research: 3. Create a Digital Presentation: 4. Present your research Exit Assessment: Multiple-Choice Questions Question 1: Which two systems work together to deliver oxygen to the body’s cells? A. Nervous and Endocrine Systems B. Circulatory and Respiratory Systems C. Muscular and Skeletal Systems D. Digestive and Excretory Systems Question 2: What is the role of the nervous system in response to touching a hot surface? A. It pumps blood faster to the muscles. B. It detects the heat and signals muscles to move the hand away. C. It releases adrenaline to increase energy levels. D. It sends oxygen to the affected area. Question 3: If the pancreas fails to produce insulin, which of the following is a likely consequence for other systems? A. Blood sugar levels rise, impacting the circulatory system and potentially damaging blood vessels. B. Oxygen levels decrease, causing the respiratory system to work harder. C. Muscle function weakens due to a lack of energy. D. Nerve signals slow down, leading to delayed reflexes. Exit-Assessment answers : 1=b 2=b 3=a Results: 0= orange task 1-2=yellow task 3=green task Friday lesson: Savvas Realize: Interactivity: Interacting Systems Savvas Realize: Interactivity: Human Body Systems