Week 12 Test Bank 2 PDF

**41. Why is TEK crucial for biodiversity conservation?**\ a) It relies on universal ecological principles.\ b) It focuses on short-term solutions for environmental issues.\ c) It encodes knowledge about sustainable resource management in Indigenous languages.\ d) It replaces modern scientific metho...

**41. Why is TEK crucial for biodiversity conservation?**\ a) It relies on universal ecological principles.\ b) It focuses on short-term solutions for environmental issues.\ c) It encodes knowledge about sustainable resource management in Indigenous languages.\ d) It replaces modern scientific methods in environmental activism.\ e) It primarily supports agricultural expansion. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** TEK encodes long-term ecological knowledge in Indigenous languages, including sustainable practices essential for biodiversity conservation. **Anthropocene (Continued)** **42. What role does deforestation play in the Anthropocene?**\ a) It reduces human impact on ecosystems.\ b) It eliminates the need for environmental activism.\ c) It exemplifies large-scale human alteration of natural environments.\ d) It promotes biodiversity in affected regions.\ e) It exclusively impacts remote, uninhabited areas. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** Deforestation is a hallmark of the Anthropocene, highlighting significant human-driven changes to ecosystems on a global scale. **43. How does Indigenous forest management challenge Anthropocene practices?**\ a) By promoting monoculture plantations.\ b) By opposing sustainability in favor of economic expansion.\ c) By offering alternative, sustainable models rooted in TEK.\ d) By focusing exclusively on industrial development.\ e) By replacing TEK with modern global conservation strategies. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** Indigenous forest management provides sustainable alternatives to dominant Anthropocene practices, rooted in TEK and long-term environmental observation. **44. What is a key cultural consequence of the extinction of dormant languages?**\ a) The language can still be easily revived without cultural loss.\ b) All knowledge encoded in the language is fully translatable.\ c) Unique ways of understanding the world may be lost forever.\ d) Other languages adapt to encode lost knowledge.\ e) Language death exclusively affects spoken traditions. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** Dormant languages hold unique cultural perspectives, and their extinction often results in the permanent loss of these insights. **45. Why is the extinction of the Tasmanian Aboriginal languages significant?**\ a) It was an isolated case unrelated to colonization.\ b) It shows the resilience of Indigenous knowledge systems.\ c) It resulted from genocide, erasing specific ecological and spiritual knowledge.\ d) It led to the development of modern conservation methods.\ e) It became the basis for new hybrid languages. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** The Tasmanian Aboriginal languages were erased through colonization and genocide, taking with them unique ecological and spiritual knowledge. **46. What makes Cornish an example of successful language revival?**\ a) It fully replaced English in Cornwall.\ b) It developed into a widely spoken global language.\ c) It was revived through community efforts, preserving cultural identity.\ d) It avoided extinction entirely due to early interventions.\ e) It adapted its grammar and vocabulary for modern use. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** Cornish was declared extinct but revived through community initiatives, demonstrating the potential to restore cultural identity through language. **47. What does the Sino-Tibetan language family highlight about East Asia?**\ a) It reflects cultural and linguistic homogeneity across the region.\ b) It encodes knowledge specific to maritime trade practices.\ c) It illustrates the linguistic and cultural diversity of the region.\ d) It exclusively includes written languages.\ e) It lacks historical connections to migration patterns. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** The Sino-Tibetan family includes diverse languages like Mandarin, Cantonese, and Tibetan, reflecting East Asia's cultural and linguistic diversity. **48. How does the hierarchical structure of language families assist in historical reconstruction?**\ a) It eliminates the need for archaeological evidence.\ b) It shows that all languages evolve independently.\ c) It reveals relationships between languages and migration patterns.\ d) It simplifies the classification of unrelated dialects.\ e) It prioritizes modern languages over proto-languages. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** The hierarchical structure of language families, with proto-languages at the root, helps trace relationships and reconstruct historical migrations. **49. How does the loss of TEK affect biodiversity conservation?**\ a) It accelerates environmental restoration efforts.\ b) It shifts the focus to global scientific methods.\ c) It disrupts sustainable practices encoded in Indigenous languages.\ d) It eliminates dependence on cultural practices for conservation.\ e) It reduces the complexity of ecological systems. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** TEK encodes sustainable practices in Indigenous languages, and its loss can undermine biodiversity conservation. **50. What cultural significance does TEK hold for the Maisin people?**\ a) It focuses on economic exploitation of forest resources.\ b) It integrates traditional and industrial deforestation methods.\ c) It connects ceremonial practices with sustainable resource management.\ d) It replaces modern environmental activism with traditional knowledge.\ e) It reduces forest diversity to promote monoculture plantations. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** For the Maisin, TEK links ceremonial practices with sustainable resource management, emphasizing cultural and ecological harmony. **51. How does the Anthropocene differ from previous geological epochs?**\ a) It is defined by large-scale natural disasters.\ b) It marks a period of reduced human impact on the planet.\ c) It highlights significant human-induced environmental changes.\ d) It eliminates the need for traditional ecological systems.\ e) It focuses exclusively on the development of urban centers. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** The Anthropocene is characterized by human-driven environmental changes, such as deforestation and industrial pollution. **52. What is an example of sustainable practices challenging Anthropocene trends?**\ a) The abandonment of biodiversity conservation.\ b) The integration of TEK into global environmental policies.\ c) The exclusive reliance on industrial methods for resource use.\ d) The promotion of monoculture farming to maximize resources.\ e) The rejection of cultural practices in favor of economic growth. **Correct Answer:** b\ **Explanation:** Integrating TEK into global policies offers sustainable alternatives to dominant Anthropocene practices, promoting biodiversity and resource conservation. **53. How do multinational corporations influence resource use in political ecology?**\ a) By prioritizing sustainability over profits.\ b) By promoting Indigenous knowledge systems.\ c) By exerting power dynamics that exploit local resources.\ d) By opposing globalization and industrial practices.\ e) By decentralizing governance in resource management. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** Political ecology examines how multinational corporations often exploit local resources, emphasizing the power dynamics at play. **54. What does the Maisin resistance to deforestation reveal about political ecology?**\ a) The abandonment of traditional practices in favor of industrial models.\ b) The integration of Indigenous knowledge with global conservation activism.\ c) The prioritization of economic growth over ecological preservation.\ d) The exclusive reliance on local systems for global impact.\ e) The rejection of partnerships with conservation organizations. **Correct Answer:** b\ **Explanation:** The Maisin demonstrate political ecology by integrating TEK with global conservation efforts to resist deforestation. **55. How does the adoption of Christian drumming by the Maisin demonstrate cultural diffusion?**\ a) It rejects traditional drumming practices entirely.\ b) It avoids blending cultural elements from different systems.\ c) It combines Indigenous musical traditions with Christian teachings.\ d) It eliminates the role of traditional practices in cultural identity.\ e) It replaces Indigenous music with global religious norms. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** The integration of Christian drumming with traditional practices by the Maisin illustrates cultural diffusion through adaptation. **56. How did residential schools in Canada promote assimilation?**\ a) By encouraging Indigenous students to retain their cultural practices.\ b) By blending Indigenous traditions with dominant cultural systems.\ c) By erasing Indigenous languages and forbidding cultural expression.\ d) By preserving local traditions through education.\ e) By integrating Indigenous governance systems into education. **Correct Answer:** c\ **Explanation:** Residential schools aimed to assimilate Indigenous children by erasing their languages and cultural practices, replacing them with dominant norms. **57. What is an example of a core cultural trait?**\ a) The design of pottery in the Americas.\ b) Religious beliefs central to a society's identity.\ c) Clothing styles borrowed from other cultures.\ d) Technological tools adopted through diffusion.\ e) Trade practices shared between societies. **Correct Answer:** b\ **Explanation:** Core traits, like religion, are central to a society's cultural identity and less likely to be borrowed than peripheral traits. **58. How did pottery in the Americas illustrate diffusion?**\ a) It remained static across all regions.\ b) Techniques spread while designs reflected regional aesthetics.\ c) It exclusively developed within isolated communities.\ d) It replaced traditional trade practices in some regions.\ e) It eliminated localized artistic traditions. **Correct Answer:** b\ **Explanation:** Pottery techniques spread through diffusion, while designs reflected regional aesthetics and symbolism, showing cultural adaptation.