Complex Respiratory Conditions PDF

Complex Respiratory Conditions Virginia Plummer Brown, E...

Complex Respiratory Conditions Virginia Plummer Brown, Edwards, Buckley & Aitken: Lewis’s Medical–Surgical Nursing © Elsevier Australia, 2020 OFFICIAL This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY  Learning Outcomes 1. Demonstrate an in-depth understanding of the pathophysiology of alterations in oxygenation, perfusion, related to the complex respiratory conditions 2. Explain methods and techniques used to conduct a comprehensive nursing history and focused physical assessment, using a systematic primary and secondary survey approach; 3. Identify and analyse diagnostic tests and investigations appropriate to diagnose health problems, related to the respiratoryl system. 4. Recognize the clinical cues for patient deterioration. 5. Apply a critical analysis of assessment findings and an in-depth understanding of clinical reasoning cycle to develop a therapeutic plan of care for patients experiencing a range of health problems. 6. Outline the collaborative management strategies for patients in the acute care setting and the role of the registered nurse within the team. 7. Examine a range of pharmacological agents used to treat health problems and the impact of polypharmacy on nursing care. Brown, Edwards, Buckley & Aitken: Lewis’s Medical–Surgical Nursing © Elsevier Australia, 2020 OFFICIAL  Tuberculosis (TB) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Risk factors Transmission: airborne droplets (suspended in air mins-hours) Symptoms: Pathophysiology: Once inhaled, particles lodge in bronchiole and alveolus >local inflammatory reaction and granuloma developed. Scar tissue develops & calcifies Brown, Edwards, Buckley & Aitken: Lewis’s Medical–Surgical Nursing © Elsevier Australia, 2020 OFFICIAL Interprofessional care—Tuberculosis Early detection Accurate diagnosis Effective disease treatment Prevention of spread Hospitalisation not necessary for most patients Infectious for first 2 weeks after starting treatment if sputum +ve Need to monitor adherence Brown, Edwards, Buckley & Aitken: Lewis’s Medical–Surgical Nursing © Elsevier Australia, 2020 OFFICIAL  Cystic fibrosis Autosomal recessive disorder affecting Lungs and digestive system due to abnormal exocrine gland secretions causing excessive thick mucous. Most common life-limiting genetic condition affecting Australians No cure Respiratory manifestations usual cause morbidity and death Treatment: management of symptoms through medications and physiotherapy www.cysticfibrosis.org.au OFFICIAL Cystic fibrosis OFFICIAL Pulmonary Oedema OFFICIAL Pulmonary Embolus (PE) Blockage of pulmonary arteries by thrombus, fat or air embolism, or tumour tissue Obstructs alveolar perfusion Clinical manifestations MEDICAL EMERGENCY What percentage of PE’s arise from a DVT? OFFICIAL