Watershed PDF

Watershed Land use land cover. Diff? Lu- man made Refers to how people utilize the land and its resources, such as for agriculture, urban development, recreation, or conservation. [It reflects human activities and decisions](https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/lclu.html). \- statistics and stat...

Watershed Land use land cover. Diff? Lu- man made Refers to how people utilize the land and its resources, such as for agriculture, urban development, recreation, or conservation. [It reflects human activities and decisions](https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/lclu.html). \- statistics and status. Lc- Natural Refers to the physical material on the surface of the earth, such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, and urban areas. [It describes what is actually present on the land](https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/lclu.html). What if we convert Lc into Lu? \- natural imbalance \- natural hazard. Q.) Why do we need to know LULC ? \- STATUS of land. \- Use of resource. Local depression of land: Ponds. \- there should be healthy means of LU. - Mid 17^th^ century- land use/study discussion started in developed countries. - Long term plan -- perspective plan: MASTER PLAN WAS MADE. SUCH AS smart cities. - 90's revolution: for planning master plan. - Greed centric model doesn't have sustainable development. - Diff between -- rural & urban area. \- ACTIVITIES DIFFERENCES. In rural areas, People are much more is direct contact with nature. River harvesting: To make the water stop on the surface. When channel is walking down, it should stop......for increasing ground water level. Water resource region: (Ganga, Brahmaputra)  **water resource region** is a geographic area defined for the purpose of managing and studying water resources. These regions are typically based on the drainage areas of major rivers or groups of rivers.  Combination of area of river system. Catchment: It is an area drain in a common point for different flow of water. One catchment is different from another not quantitatively but by its nature. Nested structure.: catchment in catchment. **[WATERSHED]** Plan. DIVISION OF WATER FROM THE HEIGHT. **-Mountain** **- Hills.** **- Rigids.** **(**where water gets parted.**)** **Deciding factor -- Slope** Used DEM. (DIGITALELEVATION MODEL.) **WHY Raster?** **(Elevation.)** **Because height is not discrete feature. Also we can see only one feature at a time.** **[Shuttle Radar Topology Mission (SRTM).]** The **Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)** was a groundbreaking international research. The mission's primary goal was to obtain high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) of Earth's surface. **Mission Details**: SRTM was conducted aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour during an 11-day mission. **[Aster Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM)]** \- [56°S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/56th_parallel_south) to [60°N](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/60th_parallel_north) : Most population of the world resided. **[RADAR-]** - **RADAR** stands for **Radio Detection and Ranging**. It is a system that uses radio waves to detect and locate objects. RADAR systems emit radio waves and then listen for any echoes that bounce back from objects. By analyzing these echoes, the system can determine the distance, speed, and direction of the objects. [DEM-] In raster format. SRTM, the grid or tile was of 90m×90m. The DN value do not represent the reflection but the elevation height of an area. [Slope.] **Slope** refers to the Rate of change of height with respect to distance. -90 degree slop is known as fall. Here distance is 0. \- 0 degree is called plain. Here height is 0 Pixel size and height: DEM data. - The drop of water falling on ground will flow on max slope. - State\>District\>Block\>Village.}for political, economical. - For natural resources- Land, Water, Soil. - Q.) What should be unit for planning for natural resources? \- Watershed unit. - Q.) On what basis is district is divided? \- On economy factors. - Q.) On what basis is state is divided? \- Linguistic Literature.(Languages) - Similar topography , waterbodies features. Similar natural features- eg. Watershed. -upper catchment, lower catchment. - For natural resources arrangement/management. We use watershed unit. For division of natural resources we use natural boundries. Eg., Watershed. For political we use political boundries. [Defination.] Watershed is an area that drains through a common point/outlet. [Usage.]