HNB1002 Primary Health Care (PHC) Workshop 1 PDF

Workshop 1: Primary Health Care HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan Professional standards of practice and behaviour for nurses, midwives and nursing associates. All standards apply within your professional scope of practice....

Workshop 1: Primary Health Care HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan Professional standards of practice and behaviour for nurses, midwives and nursing associates. All standards apply within your professional scope of practice. k 020125 Updated: 1 February 2021  Acknowledgement of Country – Melbourne We acknowledge the Ancestors, Elders and families of the Kulin Nation who are the Traditional Owners of University land. We also acknowledge all Traditional Owners of Country throughout Victoria and pay our respect to their culture, and their Elders past, present and future. As we share our own knowledge practices within the University may we pay respect to the deep knowledge embedded within the Aboriginal community and their ownership of Country. We acknowledge that the land on which we meet is a place of age old ceremonies of celebration, initiation and renewal and that the Kulin people’s living culture has a unique role in the life of this region. k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 2  No Phones allowed during classes k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 3  ASSESSMENT INFORMATION *Students please see Assessment Information/Criteria in VU Collaborate Dear students, to gain an overall pass in this unit, students must submit ALL ASSESSMENTS items and achieve an aggregate score of 50%. This module provides you with a snapshot and in-depth information related to each of the assessment tasks you will complete throughout this unit. WARNING: Plagiarism and the unauthorized use of AI are strictly prohibited and will not be tolerated. ASSESSMENT LEARNING WEIGHT DUE DATES TASK OUTCOMES 1. Quiz 1A & 1B LO’s 1, 2 & 3 20% Quiz 1A Session 3 In-class* 20 MCQ in 25 min Quiz 1B Session 6 In class* *Done last hour of class. 2. Case Study LO’s 2, 3 & 4 45% Week 3, Session 7, by 23:00 hrs (1200 words) -Please submit word document NOT pdf 3. Poster/Power LO’s 4 & 5 35% -Submit Day before session 10, Point & Oral by 23:00 hrs. Presentation -Presented in class in Session 10. with script -5 max per group (750 words) -Complete ‘Feedback Fruits’ Session 11 in class k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 4  LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT ASSISTANCE/SUPPORT (01 WORKSHOP) [email protected] k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 5 k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 6  LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT 2: CASE STUDY (01 WORKSHOP) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 7  PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS OF PRACTICE & BEHAVIOUR FOR NURSES AND MIDWIVES Uphold the reputation of your future profession at all times To achieve this, you must: ✓ Keep to and uphold the standards and values set out in the Nursing Code. ✓ Act with honesty and integrity at all times, treating people fairly and without discrimination, bullying or harassment. ✓ Act as a role model of professional behaviour for students and newly qualified nurses, midwives and nursing associates to aspire to. ✓ Be aware at all times of how your behaviour can affect and influence the behaviour of other people. ✓ Treat people in a way that does not take advantage of their vulnerability or cause them become upset or distressed. ✓ Use all forms of spoken, written and digital communication (including social media and networking sites) responsibly, respecting the right to privacy of others at all times. k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 8  LEARNING OUTCOMES (01 WORKSHOP) ❑Define Primary Health Care (PHC). ❑Define Person Centred Care (PCC). ❑Health care system. ❑Cultural Safety in Health Care. -Please remember you are student nurses! -Please act according to your future profession. -Self-directed learning, time management, attendance, being part of class discussions is paramount. k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 9  Suggested resource Australia’s health 2024: in brief, Summary - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 10  PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (PHC) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 11  What is Primary Health Care (PHC)? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a3UhtiAwbog HNB1002 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN 12  PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ANMF DEFINITION: Primary health care is essential health care based on practical scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination. It forms an integral part of both the country's health system of which it is the central function and main focus and of the overall social and economic development of the community. It is the first level of contact of individuals, the family, and community, with the national health system bringing health care as close as possible to where people live and work and constitutes the first element of a continuing health care process. (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia [NMBA], n.d.) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 13  PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Continued Primary health care aims to: ❑Build self reliance at a personal and community level. ❑Include the person and their supporting family members/carers in the delivery, planning and evaluation of health and aged care services. ❑Adopt a co-operative approach by a range of health and related agencies (for example, housing, transport, welfare and local government agencies). ❑Integrate services across the lifespan to facilitate continuity of care and efficiency of resource consumption. ❑Work proactively with marginalised, vulnerable and high risk groups. ❑Use technology appropriately (How relevant is this today)? (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia [NMBA], n.d.) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 14  WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION DEFINITION OF PHC: Primary health care is currently defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as: …essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them, through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford. It forms an integral part both of the country’s health system of which it is the nucleus and of the overall social and economic development of the community. (The International Conference on Primary Health Care, 1978) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 15  PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN AUSTRALIA Primary health care is the front line of Australia's health care system. It is often the first level of contact that individuals, families and communities have with the health care system. ❑Incorporates personal care with nurturing health promotion, the prevention of illness, working with local communities, patient advocacy. ❑Includes the interconnecting principles of equity, access, empowerment, community self- determination and inter-sectoral collaboration. ❑Encompasses an understanding of the social, economic, cultural and political determinants of health. ❑Work within a multidisciplinary framework. ❑Focus on reducing inequity & improving effects on the disadvantaged. ❑ Continuously, improving quality of health outcomes, whilst using evidence-based information catered for individual. (AIHW - Australia's health, 2024; APNA) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 16  PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN AUSTRALIA continued PHC not only includes: local general practitioner (GP), Also includes: ❑Nurses (such as general practice nurses, community nurses and nurse practitioners), allied health professionals, midwives, pharmacists, dentists, and Aboriginal health workers. ❑Primary health care can be provided in the home or in community-based settings such as general practices, other private medical practices, community health centres, local government, and non-government service settings, such as Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services. It is not provided in hospitals—this type of care is known as acute care. ❑Primary health care works best when it is adapted to suit the specific needs of the (Department of Health-Primary Health Networks, n.d.) local community. More information: Department of Health | Fact Sheet: Primary Health Care k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 17  PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ❑Accessible health care, eliminates barriers, inequities. ❑Appropriate technology, effectiveness at an affordable cost. ❑Health promotion, political, ecological capacity building as well as health education. ❑Cultural sensitivity, to address inequalities. ❑Intersectoral collaboration, health and non-health sectors. ❑Community participation, community as partners in planning. ❑Communicate effectively, it is imperative a student nurse masters this skill. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 18  WHAT ARE THE 5 LEVELS OF PHC? 1. Health Promotion and education. 2. Disease and Injury prevention. 3. Diagnosis and Treatment. 4. Rehabilitative Care. 5. Supportive Care. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 19  COMPREHENSIVE PHC IS CHARACTERISED BY WORKING TO CHANGE: ❑ Social & political determinants of illness. ❑ Economic & education on well-being. ❑ Health status in communities, rural regions & cities. (Australia’s Health, 2024 Source: Primary Health Networks k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 20  WHAT TYPES OF SERVICES ARE INCLUDED IN PHC? The types of services delivered under primary health care are broad ranging and include general practice services, prevention of disease or illness occurring and health screening, early intervention, treatment and management. ❑Services may be targeted to specific population groups such as older people, mothers and children, young people, people living in rural and remote areas, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, refugees, people from culturally and linguistically diverse, and low socio- economic backgrounds and LGBTQ people. ❑Primary health care services may also target specific conditions and health care needs, like sexual health, drug and alcohol treatment, oral health, cardiovascular disease, asthma, diabetes, mental health, and obesity. (Department of Health-Primary Health Networks, n.d.) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 21  PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (PHC) VS PRIMARY CARE (PC) PHC: First level of contact (not necessarily in hospital) that individuals, families and communities have with the health care system by general practice nurses, community nurses and nurse practitioners, allied health professionals, midwives, pharmacists, dentists, and Aboriginal health workers. Working within a multidisciplinary framework. ❑ Incorporates personal care with health promotion, the prevention of illness and community development. ❑ Includes the interconnecting principles of equity, access, empowerment, community self determination and inter-sectoral collaborations ❑ Encompasses an understanding of the social, economic, cultural and political determinants of health. ❑ PC: Primary care in a simplistic term, describes a ‘family doctor-type’ services delivered to individuals, usually in clinics or hospitals. ❑ Focusses on treatment of underlining health issue, rather than prevention in the first place. (The Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association (APNA), n.d.) More information: Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association (APNA) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 22  PERSON CENTRED CARE k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 23  HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 24 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Dk3CV-Wt38&feature=emb_logo  PERSON CENTRED PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Australian Nursing & Midwifery Federation (ANMF) definition: Patient-centred care is an essential approach to the planning, delivery, and evaluation of health and aged care that is grounded in mutually beneficial partnerships among patients, their families, and health care providers. Patient- and family-centred care applies to patients of all ages, and it should be practiced in all health and aged care setting. (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia [NMBA], n.d.) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 25  PERSON CENTERED PRIMARY HEALTH CARE DEFINITION Person-centred practice is collaborative and respectful partnership built on mutual trust & understanding through good communication. Each person is treated as an individual with the aim of respecting people’s ownership of their health information, rights & preferences while protecting their dignity and empowering/supporting choice. Person-centred practice recognises the role of family & community with respect to cultural and religious diversity. (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia [NMBA], n.d.) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 26  PERSON CENTRED PRIMARY HEALTH CARE continued Australia’s health 2018 examines health using a person-centred approach, this takes the view that a person’s health is part of a broader social context and encompasses the ideas that health: ❑Is an important part of how people feel and function. ❑Contributes to, and is influenced by social and economic wellbeing. ❑Can exist in degrees of good, as well as poor, health and varies over time. ❑Must be culturally appropriate. ❑Private & Confidential. ❑Involves family. ❑Looks at the patients/clients holistically- What does this mean? (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 27  CORE CONCEPT; PERSON CENTRED CARE ❑Dignity and Respect. ❑Participation. ❑Information Sharing. ❑Collaboration. Supporting individuals with their decisions and with their chosen care pathways SOURCE: Person-Centred Nursing Framework (McCormack & McCance, n.d.) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 28  CORE CONCEPT; PERSON CENTRED CARE continued ❑Dignity and Respect. Health care practitioners listen to and honour patient and family perspectives and choices. Patient and family knowledge, values, beliefs and cultural backgrounds are incorporated into the planning and delivery of care. ❑Participation. Patients, families are encouraged and supported in participating in care and decision-making at the level they choose. ❑Information Sharing. Health care practitioners communicate and share complete and unbiased information with patients and families in ways that are affirming and useful. Patients and families receive timely, complete and accurate information in order to effectively participate in care and decision-making. ❑Collaboration. Patients, families, health care practitioners, and health care leaders collaborate in policy and program development, implementation, and evaluation; in facility design; in professional education; and in research; as well as in the delivery of care. (Australia’s Health, 2024) Person centred care is paramount across all multidisciplinary team and NOT just nurses More information: Institute for Patients and Families https://www.ipfcc.org/about/pfcc.html k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 29  PERSON-CENTRED CARE HAS MADE A BIG IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF CARE IN TERMS OF: ❑Improved patient(s) self-esteem. ❑Improved quality of life. ❑Patient(s) are less agitation. ❑Improved patient(s) education & understanding. ❑Less anxiety increasing better sleep patterns. SOURCE: Person-Centred Nursing Framework (McCormack & McCance, n.d.) More information: Australian Commission on Safety & Quality in Health Care k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 30  PERSON-CENTRED CARE HAS MADE A BIG IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF CARE IN TERMS OF: SOURCE: Person-Centred Nursing Framework (McCormack & McCance, n.d.) More information: Australian Commission on Safety & Quality in Health Care k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 31  BENEFITS OF PERSON-CENTRED CARE Better patient Better workforce Better clinical Better clinical and community experience and outcomes, safety outcomes, safety experience improved wellbeing and quality and quality Improved patient Improved workforce Lower mortality Shorter length of stay satisfaction satisfaction Reduced Lower costs per case Improved patient Improved workforce readmissions engagement attitudes Better utilisation of low Reduced length of verses high-cost Improved community Less workforce stay workforce members perceptions of turnover healthcare Reduced healthcare Less workforce organisations Reduced emotional acquired infections turnover stress for the healthcare workforce Improved treatment adherence Improved workforce wellbeing (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, n.d.) More information: Australian Commission on Safety & Quality in Health Care k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 32  PATIENT CENTRED CARE IS: Treating each person as an individual, protecting their dignity, respecting their rights & preferences, & developing a therapeutic relationship that is built on mutual trust & empathic understandings. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 33  BREAK TIME k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 34  HEALTH CARE SYSTEM k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 35  AUSTRALIAN NURSING & MIDWIFERY FEDERATION DEFINITION OF HEALTH? A state of complete physical, emotional, social and cultural well-being of the person across the period of their life, enabling them to achieve their full potential as a human being. This also applies to the physical, social, emotional and cultural well-being of their whole community. It is not merely the absence of disease, injury or disability. (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia [NMBA], n.d.) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 36  DEFINITION OF HEALTH SYSTEM What do we mean by the 'health system’? The World Health Organisation states; it is 'all the activities whose primary purpose is to promote, restore and/or maintain health' (WHO, 2013). A good health system is one that delivers quality services to all people, when and where they need them (WHO, 2013). Health services are provided by a variety of organisations and health professionals, including medical practitioners, nurses, allied and other health professionals, hospitals, clinics, pharmacies, and government and non-government agencies. Establishing global standards for medications and vaccines. (WHO, n.d.). k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 37  OVERVIEW OF THE AUSTRALIAN HEALTHCARE SYSTEM Under the Australian Constitution: ❑The Commonwealth creates policy pertaining to national issues such as research, health information management and public health. ❑ States and territories are responsible for the delivery and management of public health services. ❑ Some functions, such as community and aged care have shared responsibilities between the various levels of government. ❑ There is a national registering authority for most health professions. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 38  NATIONAL HEALTH PRIORITIES ❑ Regulation of health workforce. ❑ Education and training of health professionals. ❑ Regulation of pharmaceuticals and pharmacies. ❑ Support improvements in safety and quality of health care. ❑ Funding of public health programs and services. ❑ Funding of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health services. (AIHW, 2020) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 39  NATIONAL HEALTH PRIORITIES National Health priorities include: ❑Asthma. ❑Diabetes mellitus. ❑Cancer control. ❑Injury prevention. ❑Cardiovascular health. ❑Mental health. ❑Dementia. ❑Arthritis & Musculoskeletal conditions. ❑COVID (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 40  DISADVANTAGED GROUPS IN AUSTRALIA ❑People without a home. ❑Indigenous Australians. ❑People living in rural areas. ❑People living in poverty. ❑Elderly. ❑People with no access to medical assistance. ❑People living with permanent disability. ❑People from certain racial & ethnic minority groups (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 41  SHARED RESPONSIBILITY WITH ALL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS ❑ Regulation of health workforce. ❑ Education and training of health professionals. ❑ Regulation of pharmaceuticals and pharmacies. ❑ Support improvements in safety and quality of health care. ❑ Funding of public health programs and services. ❑ Funding of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health services. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 42  ROLE OF THE HEALTH SYSTEM In Australia the major aim of any health system is to prevent disease and other ill health and injury and to maintain health, not just to treat illness, so that people remain as healthy as possible for as long as possible Source: Australia’s Health, (2024) More information: (Australia’s Health, 2024) HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 43  MOST PEOPLE VIEW HEALTH BASED ON THEIR: ❑Personal knowledge & experience. ❑Life circumstances. ❑Cultural background. ❑Socio economic status. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 44  CULTURAL SAFETY INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 45  WHAT IS CULTURE? Culture is: ❑Shared beliefs & values of a group: the beliefs, customs, practices & social behaviour of a particular nation or people; ❑Shared attitudes: a particular set of attitudes that characterises a group of people. (Australia’s Health, 2024; Meririam-Webster, n.d.) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 46  DEFINITIONS OF CULTURAL SAFETY INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE The Australian community has a rich mixture of cultural and linguistic diversity, and the Registered nurse standards for practice are to be read in this context. RNs recognise the importance of history and culture to health & wellbeing. (NMBA, 2024) Where do I go for more information? https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards/registered-nurse-standards-for-practice.aspx k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 47  CULTURAL SAFETY Cultural competence is best defined as: An ongoing process that involves accepting and respecting differences and not letting one’s personal beliefs have an undue influence on those whose worldview is different from one’s own and includes having general cultural as well as cultural-specific information. It is being sensitive and respectful of other cultures. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 48  CULTURAL SAFETY INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE Cultural competency Nursing and Midwifery care practice that respects cultural beliefs and values. ❑Can be viewed as an ongoing journey of commitment & active engagement. ❑Allows for delivery of individualised healthcare services within the cultural context of the patient and avoidance of stereotyping. ❑Trust is the underlying purpose behind cultural competency. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 49  CULTURAL SAFETY INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE KK adapted from community public health for nursing pg.95 HNB1002 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN 50  CULTURAL SAFETY INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE NURSING ❑Health care professional, including nurses and midwifes must develop a self- awareness, they must be able to objectively examine their own beliefs, values, and practise. ❑Health care professional, including nurses and midwifes, who practise cultural safety, will focus on their patients experience as the determinant of effective care. (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 51  WHY IS CULTURAL BACKGROUND IMPORTANT? ❑Healthcare - one size does not fit all! ❑Provider knowledge and attitude. ❑Ethnic groups have different perspectives and values, that may differ to traditional western cultural views ❑Disconnect between patient/provider expectations creates barriers which can be compounded by language differences (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 52  HOW CAN ETHNICITY & CULTURE INFLUENCE HEALTHCARE? ❑Roles & expectations about how care is delivered and by who. ❑How people understand & manage illness. ❑Roles of patients, carers & family members. ❑How much information is desired and role in decision making. ❑Death and dying as well as grief. ❑Decision-making: Making decisions about healthcare is the shared responsibility of the person (who may wish to involve their nominated partners, family and friends) the nurse and other health professionals. Nurses must create & foster conditions that promote shared decision-making and collaborative practice (Australia’s Health, 2024) k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 53  CULTURAL SAFETY INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE Standard 1: Thinks critically and analyses nursing practice RNs use a variety of thinking strategies and the best available evidence in making decisions and providing safe, quality nursing practice within person-centred and evidence-based frameworks. 1.3 Respects all cultures and experiences, which includes responding to the role of family and community that underpin the health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and people of other cultures Standard 2: Engages in therapeutic and professional relationships 2.2 Communicates effectively, and is respectful of a person’s dignity, culture, values, beliefs and rights. 2.3 Recognises that people are the experts in the experience of their life. 2.7 Actively fosters a culture of safety and learning that includes engaging with health professionals and others, to share knowledge and practice that supports person-centred care Standard 4: Comprehensively conducts assessments 4.1 Conducts assessments that are holistic as well as culturally appropriate (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia [NMBA], n.d.) Where do I go for more information? https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/codes-guidelines-statements/professional-standards.aspx k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 54  AUSTRALIAN CODE OF ETHICS FOR NURSES Nursing care for any individual or group should not be compromised because of ethnicity, culture, aboriginality, gender, spiritual values, sexuality, disability, age, economic, social or health status, or any other ground. (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia [NMBA], n.d.) More information: http://www.health.sapanta.com.au/srcn/code.pdf k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 55  IN CLASS ACTIVITY: DIFFERENT CULTURES Students get into groups & research the following: ❑ Choose any culture and find information related to PHC. ❑What are some of the barriers preventing care? ❑Are there specific requirement in different cultures? ❑What is their experience? ❑How can we improve? k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 56  Test your knowledge k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 57  QUESTION 1 What distinguishes primary health care from primary care? a) A focus on primary, secondary and tertiary intervention b) Provision of interventions specific to the health need c) Works within a multidisciplinary framework d) Planning and operation of services is centralised HNB1002 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN 58  QUESTION 2 The goal of Primary Health Care is to: a) Provide timely health care programs, such as immunisation to primary school children b) Provide timely, early health care to prevent the worsening of health conditions c) Educate primary school children about their health d) Build community capacity to achieve sustainable health and wellness HNB1002 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN 59  QUESTION 3 Legislation that affects you: Select all correct answers a) Licensing law NMBA. b) Licensing law AHPRA. c) Equal Employment opportunity. d) Occupational Health and safety. e) Australian Code of Ethics for Nurses. f) Nursing & Midwifery Board. HNB1002 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN 60  WHERE DO I GO FOR MORE INFORMATION? Primary Health Care Australia’s health 2024: in brief, Summary - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-data/indicators/healthy-community-indicators/national/all-australia/primaryhealthcare/primary-health-care Primary health care Primary health care data development - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (aihw.gov.au) https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/NPHC-Strategic-Framework~phc-australia https://pdf4pro.com/view/primary-health-care-in-australia-australian-71932.html ANMF https://anmf.org.au/documents/policies/PS_Primary_Health_Care.pdf AHPRA https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/codes-guidelines-statements/professional-standards.aspx National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards (second edition). https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/publications-and-resources/resource-library/national-safety-and-quality-health-service-standards-second-edition k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 61  MORE INFORMATION APNA https://apna.asn.au/profession/what-is-primary-health-care-nursing k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 62  BREAK TIME k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 63  REFERENCES ANMF. (2009). Primary Health Care in Australia. https://www.anmf.org.au/media/ytqhqa5z/phc_australia.pdf Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2024). Australia’s health 2024: Data insights, about. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/australias-health-2024-data- insights/contents/about Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2024). First Report on the National Health Priority Areas, Full report, Background. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; Australian Government. Australia’s health 2024: in brief, Summary - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2024b). Health Care Safety and Quality. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/health-care-quality-performance/health-care-safety-and- quality Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2024c). Health Care Safety and Quality. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/health-care-quality-performance/health-care-safety-and- quality Australian Medical Association (AMA) (2021). General Practice in Primary Health Care—2021. Australian Medical Association (AMA) https://ama.com.au/position-statement/general-practice-primary-health-care-2021 Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation. (2022). Our Policies | Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation. Meta Momentum. https://www.anmf.org.au/resources/policies-guidelines-position-statements Australian Government Department of Health (2018) Fact Sheet: Primary Health Care. Australian Government Department of Health https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/Fact-Sheet-Primary- Health-Care Department of Health | Primary Health Networks (PHNs) https://www.apna.asn.au/profession/what-is-primary-health-care-nursing Health and Human Services, (2024). Delivering for diversity: Cultural diversity plan , accessed at 1 March 2024 https://dhhs.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/201710/dhhs-delivering-for-diversity-cultural-diversity- plan.pdf McCormack, B., & McCance, T. V. (2021). Development of a framework for person-centred nursing. Journal of advanced nursing, 56(5), 472–479. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04042.x National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards (second edition) https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/publications-and-resources/resource-library/national-safety-and-quality-health-service-standards-second-edition Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) (2024) Registered nurse standards for practice: Glossary. NMBA https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional- standards/registered-nurse-standards-for-practice.aspx The Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association (APNA) (n.d.) What is primary health care nursing? The Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association (APNA) https://apna.asn.au/profession/what-is- primary-health-care-nursing World Health Organization. (2023). Declaration of alma-ata. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/teams/social-determinants-of-health/declaration-of-alma-ata k HNB1002 Primary Health Care Across the Lifespan 64