Vital Signs: Types, Measurements, and Normal Ranges PDF

Why are they called vital signs Indication of basic body functioning Body temp Pulse Respiration Blood pressure Pain Pulse ox When to asses vital signs Admission Transfer Discharge Any procedure Before administering medications that affect vital signs Change in c...

Why are they called vital signs Indication of basic body functioning Body temp Pulse Respiration Blood pressure Pain Pulse ox When to asses vital signs Admission Transfer Discharge Any procedure Before administering medications that affect vital signs Change in condition Routinely Age related consideration: older adults Thermoregulation ( body is trying to adapt to temp) Symptoms of infection Decreased HR pulse irregularities Anatomical changes Orthostatic hypotension a head rush Dif culty obtaining pulse ox Auscultate is to listen Pyrexia, febrile, hyperthermia all mean fever Hypothermia body temp is 93.2 or below Oral temp 98.6 Oral -mouth Axillary-armpit Rectal temp 99.6 Tympanic - ear Rectal- rectum Temporal- forehead Axillary 97.6 Sublingual under the tongue Factor that affect body temp Age Exercise Hormones Stress Environment Food Smoking Sites for pulse measurements The body’s regulation of pulse. The pulse is the regular recurrent expansion and contraction of an artery produced by waves and pressure caused by the ejection of the heart as it contracts. Most accurate pulse is the apical which is the beating heart Radial pulse is measured in groove along radial side of forearm lateral to exor tendon of wrist Pulse de cit differences between the radial and apical rate Tachycardia faster than 100 beats per min Bradycardia slower than 60 beats per min Factors that influence pulse rate Documenting pulse Pain 0 Absent None felt Age +1. Thready. Dif cult to feel Exercise +2. Weak. Somewhat stronger Fever +3. Normal. Easily felt Hemorrhage. +4. Bounding. Feels full Respiration assessment Note the rate depth, quality, and rhythm Assessment of respiration is done by observing the movement of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscle Dyspnea breathing with dif culty Inspiration is inhaling air with oxygen into the lungs Expiration is exhaling air with carbon dioxide out of the lung A rapid respiratory rate is called TACHYPNEA A slow respiratory rate below 10 per minutes is called BRADYPNEA Cheyenne strokes respiration are an abnormal pattern of respiration characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep rapid breathing. The systolic pressure is the higher number and represents the ventricles contracting The lower number of the blood pressure reading the second pressure is the diastolic pressure. The difference between the two readings is called the pulse pressure  If blood pressure is abnormal retake on differ t arm 15 min later Pain scale 0-10 0 no pain 10 worse pain Pulse oximetry 95-100 per book Things to affect pulse fake nails, smoking, if they are cold, and etc Height and weight know the conversion