Lead Quiz PDF

1. What metal was ingested by Roman aristocrats possibly contributing to Rome's fall? A. Mercury B. Lead ✓ C. Arsenic D. Cyanide 2. How does lead exposure impact children vs adults? A. Equally affected B. Adults more susceptible C. Children more susceptible ✓ D. Effect is debated 3. Primary method...

1. What metal was ingested by Roman aristocrats possibly contributing to Rome's fall? A. Mercury B. Lead ✓ C. Arsenic D. Cyanide 2. How does lead exposure impact children vs adults? A. Equally affected B. Adults more susceptible C. Children more susceptible ✓ D. Effect is debated 3. Primary method to determine historical lead concentrations? A. Environmental Census data B. Cadaver analysis C. Sediment measurements D. Ice Core measurements ✓ 4. What causes gout? A. Purine ✓ B. Adenine C. Hypoxanthine D. Xanthine 5. Where does lead primarily accumulate? A. Bones and teeth ✓ B. Kidneys C. Liver D. Brain 6. Why was lead acetate used in Roman wine? A. To make it sweet ✓ B. To make color richer C. To carbonate it D. To increase potency 7. What deposits cause Gout? A. Urea B. Uric Acid Crystals ✓ C. Bile D. Lead 8. What was missing in Flint's water supply? A. Copper B. Water softening agent C. Phosphate corrosion inhibitor ✓ D. Iron 9. What caused lead pollution in the arctic? A. Early polar expeditions B. Air travel emissions C. Research facilities D. Ancient silver mining emissions ✓ 10. Why were clean rooms used for lead analysis? A. Lead contamination was everywhere ✓ B. Air was too hot C. Needed sterile environment D. Required by regulations 11. Purpose of adding phosphate inhibitor? A. Make water clear B. Improve taste C. Maintain protective mineral layer ✓ D. Add iron 12. Why did Romans add lead to wine? A. Health beliefs B. Religious purposes C. Lead acetate as sweetener ✓ D. They didn't add lead 13. Hexavalent chromium poisoning symptoms: A. Chronic cough B. Skin ulcers C. Kidney damage D. All of above ✓ 14. Lead poisoning sources in Roman Empire: A. Lead pipes B. Lead-contaminated food/wine C. Lead sweeteners D. All of above ✓ 15. Symptoms attributed to Roman lead poisoning: A. Developmental disorders B. Liver failure C. Paralysis, constipation, gout ✓ D. Vision problems 16. Purpose of drilling Greenland ice cores? A. Mercury concentration comparison B. Sea ice decline rates C. Post-antiquity emissions D. Compare lead emissions with historical events ✓ 17. Red water discoloration in Flint due to: A. Iron corrosion ✓ B. Lead contamination C. Mineral buildup D. Phosphate buildup 18. Roman Aristocrat's daily lead intake from wine: A. 0.72 ✓ B. 0.35 C. 0.5 D. 0.04 19. Safest pipe water in Flint: A. Left (brown dirt) B. Middle (calcium deposit) ✓ C. Right (red rust) D. None were safe 20. Why was lead added to gasoline? A. Made in lead tanks B. Reduce engine knocking ✓ C. Less reactive D. No reason 21. NOT a reason for Roman aristocrat lead exposure: A. Feasts B. Wine consumption C. Gardening ✓ D. Bathing 22. What's NOT true about lead? A. Children most prone to poisoning B. Used as wine sweetener C. Used in paint D. Small levels are safe ✓ 23. What did NOT happen after the Black Death? A. Wages of carpenters went down ✓ B. End of feudal system C. Industrial emissions went down D. Decrease in population 24. What causes gout? A. Muscle disorder from arsenic B. Skin allergy to irritants like mercury C. Arthritis from urate crystals in joints ✓ D. Cardiovascular disease from high cholesterol 25. Why did Claire Patterson find high lead levels in ocean surface waters? A. Natural geological processes B. Leaded paint industry emissions C. Leaded gasoline use and production ✓ D. More lead in deep vs surface waters 26. Why did water in Flint turn brown? A. Lack of corrosion inhibitor caused pipe corrosion and iron leaching ✓ B. Industrial runoff and waste contamination C. Water line break allowing contaminants D. Chemical reaction of chlorine and lead 27. What was the purpose of lead acetate in Roman times? A. Reinforce aqueduct pipes B. Skin makeup C. Artificial sweetener for wine and sweets ✓ D. Appetite suppressant for weight loss 28. What happens in gout and why? A. Joint pain and swelling from uric acid buildup due to lead-damaged kidneys ✓ B. Joint pain from direct lead deposits C. Kidney uric acid buildup from lead exposure D. Joint swelling from uric acid turning into purine 29. Why did Flint's water contain lead? A. Lead already present in Flint River B. Radioactive decay into lead C. Lead in mineral pipe layer slowly leached D. Lack of corrosion control chemicals exposed lead pipes ✓ 30. What is the safe level of lead exposure? A. 5 ug/dl B. 10 ug/dl C. 20 ug/dl D. There is no safe level ✓ 31. Where does the lead in Flint's water come from? A. Contaminated water sources B. City water system C. Lead pipes in homes ✓ D. Lead in soil and rock 32. Which is true about treated Detroit vs Flint water? A. Treated Flint water has phosphate corrosion inhibitors B. Treated Detroit water has phosphate corrosion inhibitors ✓ C. Phosphate inhibitors in Flint water react causing lead exposure D. Phosphate inhibitors accelerate Flint pipe corrosion 33. Which demographic is most at risk for lead poisoning? A. Young Children ✓ B. Elderly C. Married Women D. Single Men 34. Why were hatters historically "mad"? A. Required to wear eccentric hats B. Mercury poisoning caused neurological symptoms ✓ C. Marketing to seem mysterious D. Unconventional profession at the time 35. Why did Romans use lead acetate in wine? A. Improve nutritional value B. Sweeten the wine ✓ C. Increase alcohol content D. Preserve the wine 36. Why was lead acetate in high demand? A. Smooth texture B. Opaque and pigmented C. Pleasant smell D. Insulation for buildings ✓ 37. Where was lead used in Ancient Rome leading to the Empire's collapse? A. Crop fertilizer B. Bathing soap C. Wine sweeteners ✓ D. Construction 38. What element can lead replace in ALAD enzymes? A. Zinc ✓ B. Calcium C. Phosphorus D. Arsenic 39. The purpose of plotting concentration vs instrument counts in a lead standard curve is: A. Determine linear relationship of concentration and instrument response ✓ B. Calculate total lead amount C. Identify exact lead mass D. Compare instrument settings 40. The spread plate method in geological studies is used to: A. Determine mineral composition B. Analyze microbial spatial distribution ✓ C. Measure sediment erosion rates D. Classify rock texture 41. Which is true about Porphobilinogen (PBG)? A. Final heme biosynthesis product B. Linear tetrapyrrole heme synthesis intermediate ✓ C. Synthesized in mitochondria D. Water-soluble red blood pigment 42. Which is not a health effect of 10 μg/dL lead consumption? A. Delayed Puberty B. Decreased Growth & Hearing C. Anti-Social Behaviors D. Nephropathy ✓ 43. Lead contamination source in Flint water? A. Poor Farming Irrigation B. Aging Infrastructure ✓ C. Littering D. Naturally occurring 44. How many years has humankind utilized lead? A. 2000 B. 10000 C. 8000 ✓ D. 5000 45. The Flint pipes show: A. Natural aging process B. Effect of water temperature on corrosion C. Calcium buildup from high pressure preventing corrosion D. Protective layer in middle pipe, absent in others ✓ 46. The discolored Flint water samples show: A. Clear water is safest B. Yellow to orange is Iron II, less harmful than lead C. Iron II in clear water is more dangerous D. Yellow to red is Iron III, less dangerous than lead in clear water ✓ 47. Key takeaway from GEOL-165 with Professor John: A. Science provides clear guidance on political questions B. Frequent scientific conspiracies deceive public C. Science collapses if one dataset or belief is faulty D. Mayo Clinic is great for 3am kid health worries ✓ 48. Mercury is useful in Artisanal Small Scale Gold Mining because: A. Gold dissolves in Mercury ✓ B. Gold is inert with Mercury C. Mercury lowers Gold's melting point D. Mercury is not useful for this 49. Fill in the blanks: Gout, a manifestation of ___ poisoning, can be caused by a buildup of ___ due to damaged ___ A. Mercury, uric acid, kidneys B. Lead, uric acid, kidneys ✓ C. Mercury, lactic acid, liver D. Lead, lactic acid, liver 50. What caused the Flint water crisis? A. Lack of chlorine disinfectant B. Switching water source only C. Switching water source and lack of corrosion inhibitors ✓ D. Battery plant waste spillage 51. Why were Roman aristocrats prone to lead poisoning? A. Lead jewelry B. Sapa with lead only accessible to aristocrats C. Sapa with lead used in aristocratic wine ✓ D. Lead in clothing 52. What is lead acetate? A. White pigment Lead-II historically in paint/makeup B. Clear crystal pure lead historically in paint/makeup ✓ C. White pigment Lead-II historically in gasoline D. Clear crystal pure lead historically in paint/gasoline 53. Why does mercury accumulate in the food web? A. Mercury is necessary nutrient stored by immune system B. Monomethyl mercury must be consumed to be used C. Monomethyl mercury builds up in fatty tissues up the food chain ✓ D. Mercury buildup from chronic illness 54. Why is atmospheric lead contamination a global concern? A. Bonds with clouds causing adverse weather B. Blocks sun causing global cooling C. Disperses globally causing health problems ✓ D. Depletes ocean chlorophyll causing fish kills 55. The primary source of environmental lead contamination is: A. Volcano Activity B. Biological Decay C. Human Activities ✓ D. None of the Above 56. Romans put lead in wine because: A. Thought it made them smarter B. Didn't know lead was in wine C. Lead was status symbol D. Sweet taste of lead ✓ 57. The metal that poisoned Ancient Romans in Sapa: A. Lead ✓ B. Arsenic C. Iron D. Mercury 58. The brown Flint water was caused by: A. Iron (III); Not most harmful ✓ B. Arsenic; Most harmful C. Iron (III); Most harmful D. Arsenic; Not most harmful 59. When were blood lead levels highest in Flint children ≤5 years old from 2006-2016? A. 2016 B. 2014 (Flint Water Crisis) ✓ C. 2006 D. 2013 60. What is true about lead paint? A. Lead acetate made it last longer B. Mainly tetraethyllead with advantages C. Composed of advantageous lead carbonate ✓ D. Still used today 61. What is true about lead in the body? A. Safe below 5 ug/dl B. Negative neurological effects ✓ C. Mimics phosphate and disrupts ATP D. Gives blood red color 62. The largest drop in lead concentration included: A. The Black Death Pandemic ✓ B. US colonization C. Fall of Roman Empire D. World Wars I and II 63. Changes in North Atlantic Ocean lead profiles (slide 634) suggest: A. Surface lead decreased, indicating successful upper ocean regulations ✓ B. Decreased lead at all depths from regulations C. Increased deep lead, ineffective regulation D. Surface rose, mid-depth fell, uneven depth effects 64. 20th century industrial shifts that changed oceanic lead (slide 626): A. Tetraethyl lead decrease in gasoline reduced atmospheric and oceanic lead ✓ B. Renewables eliminated oceanic lead C. Industrial lead production increased oceanic lead D. Lead in paint/batteries increased oceanic lead 65. Blood lead level patterns across Flint wards (slide 695) show: A. Wards with highest water lead have highest blood lead, linking water and health ✓ B. Even blood lead, other factors responsible C. Lower water pressure wards have higher blood lead D. Industrial zones have highest blood lead 66. What metal was used to make foods sweet? A. Lead ✓ B. Mercury C. Iron D. Arsenic 67. Which is NOT a risk of lead poisoning? A. Gout B. Blindness ✓ C. Irritability D. Stomach pain 68. Patterson found the highest lead concentration in ____ waters. A. Polar B. Equatorial C. Deep D. Surface ✓ 69. Lead acetate was used in place of: A. Sugar cane ✓ B. Sulfur C. Soil D. Iron 70. Why did Patterson measure lead in meteorites? A. To determine Earth's age ✓ B. To determine LA lead levels C. To compare to iron levels D. To expose a plant for pollution 71. How does Professor Seth describe Science? A. Awesome but not perfect ✓ B. Perfect in every way C. Needs major rebranding D. Conspiracies contradict beliefs 72. The role of kidney tubules is: A. Break down uric acid for excretion ✓ B. Produce and transport blood cells C. Store urine for reabsorption D. Generate stomach digestive enzymes 73. Saturnine gout is associated with: A. Excess drinking causing lead exposure and kidney damage ✓ B. Vitamin C lack weakening bones C. High calcium accumulating in joints D. Excess protein causing uric acid buildup 74. The role of glutamate is: A. Neurotransmitter signaling between neurons ✓ B. Inhibitory neurotransmitter preventing overexcitation C. Muscle-CNS communication D. Regulating brain blood flow 75. Historical factor that reduced lead pollution after the fall of Rome: A. Improved mining technologies B. Population and economic decline ✓ C. Use of alternative metals D. Air pollution control measures 76. Effect of As(III) on zinc proteins: A. Arsenic replaces and inactivates zinc ✓ B. Zinc binds more strongly C. Arsenic oxidizes zinc D. Arsenic has no effect 77. Typical effect of adding iron to HNLC ocean regions: A. Decreases chlorophyll B. Increases phytoplankton growth ✓ C. No significant effect D. Reduces carbon sequestration 78. Direct cause of Flint's pipe rusting: A. Theft B. No metal control chemicals C. Changing water source D. No corrosion control chemicals ✓ 79. Why children are more susceptible to lead: A. Slow organ development B. Adults more susceptible C. Rapid organ development ✓ D. Impermeable blood-brain barrier 80. Cause of some negative soil lead samples from McCarthy Quad: A. Lead too high to calculate B. Constant topsoil changes ✓ C. Lead was biologically inaccess