PUBH 302 Exam 1 - Public Health Exam PDF

PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 1. Common images hand washing of public health smoking bans sex ed 2. 8 P's in public Prevention health Protection...

PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 1. Common images hand washing of public health smoking bans sex ed 2. 8 P's in public Prevention health Protection Promotion Prolonging Product safety Physical, social, economic environments (Big) Picture Populations 3. Public Health the practice of protecting and improving the health of people in a community 4. definitions of A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and NOT the merely health absence of disease, Quality of life 5. 8 dimensions of physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, environmental, financial, occu- health pational 6. physical health absence of disease and disability; functioning adequately; physical condition of the body 7. emotional health ability to feel and express full range of human emotions; express/control appro- priately 8. Social Health ability to interact and communicate effectively, connect with others, demonstrate respect, have a sense of belonging 9. Intellectual ability to make sound decisions and think critically, striving for continued personal Health growth 10. spiritual health unifying force within individuals, seeking meaning and purpose 1 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 11. enviornmental awareness of the environment's importance to health, as well as human influence health on environment 12. financial health how your financial resources affect yout physical mental and social health 13. occupational gaining satisfaction and meaning through work health 14. contributory often considered the immediate causes of disease, disability, death causes 15. What are the underlying factors that ultimately bring about disease, disability, death determinants of (sometimes called the causes of causes) health? 16. determinant of behavior, infection, genetics, geography, environment, medical care, socioeco- health examples nomic, cultural 17. From the reading Economic status "Why is PH con- troversial" what did the chapter say is the most significant factor in determining the health of a community? 18. From the reading Economic impact, individual liberties, and moral and religious opposition "Why is PH con- troversial" what were the three 2 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 main issues of public health? 19. What "kills us" - tb then ( Leading - Gastroenteritis COD 1900) - Diphtheria - Polio - Influenza/Pneumonia 20. what "kills up - heart disease now" (Leading - cancer COD 2016) - covid - stroke - chronic lower respiratory disease - alzheimer - diabetes - influenza/pneumonia - kidney disease - suicide 21. acute signs and symptoms of short duration, usually severe and impair normal func- tioning 22. chronic persists over time 23. T/F - most TRUE of our chron- ic health prob- lems and con- ditions are pre- ventable 24. primary, secondary, tertiary 3 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 WHat are the lev- els of preven- tion? 25. What is the pri- efforts that obstruct onset of illness or injury before evidence of signs or symptoms mary level of pre- vention? 26. What is the the Efforts that lead to early diagnosis and prompt to limit disability, impairment, secondary level dependency, or severity of prevention? 27. What is the ter- Efforts aimed at rehabilitation tiary level of pre- vention? 28. Ecological Per- multiple factors and pathways spective 29. risk factors increase the likelihood of condition or disease 30. social and cultur- social status and standing al determinants 31. global health in- population, pollution, and poverty fluences 32. when are behav- at the population level iors and behav- ior changes most complex 33. Behaviors are.... modifiable, teachable, learnable 4 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 34. Do behaviors ex- multiple influences ist in a vacu- um or do they have multiple in- fluences? 35. examples of mul- - environmental factors tiple influences - social factors of behaviors - organizational factors - economic factors 36. requirements for air, water, food, shelter, care/mutual support survival (Bottom to top of pyra- mid) 37. what are health society's belief system and the society's understanding of health and disease codes based on? 38. Public health Tribal Rules codes Hieroglyphs Chinese Empire Bible (Leviticus) Koran Roman Senate 39. Ancient greeks understood the importance of washing hands, taking a bath, exercising and eating good food. 40. who lived by the Ancient Greeks, disease caused by imbalance between man and his environment naturalistic con- cept and what was it? 5 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 41. Hippocrates believed that illness had a physical and rational explanation, looked for and causal relationship between disease and factors such as climate, water, lifestyle and nutrition. 42. Who was the fa- Hippocrates ther of western medicine? 43. Who coined the Hippocrates term epidemic 44. roman empire adopted greek health values, great engineers (sewage and aqueducts), collected taxes to support public services ( public baths, water supply, markets) 45. Middle ages decline of hygine and santination, faith and prayer were accepted treatment, beginnings of public health tools 46. public health - quarantine of ships tools from the - isolation of disease individuals middle ages 47. The plague/Black 25-50% of population in western europe died death 48. What kind of dis- Epidemic disease ease was the plague 49. What were the bubonic and pneumonic two types of plague 50. spread by sneezing 6 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 What was the pneumonic plague 51. what was the flea bites bubonic plague 52. Renaissance ( - disease spread by traders and explores Global explo- - killed 90% of indigenous people in new world ration) 53. what happened Birth of modern medicine, William Harvey and Edward Jenner during the age of reason and en- lightenment and who contributed 54. William harvey - recognize full circulation of human blood (1628 theories of circulation) -reproduce vis fertilization of an egg by sperm - dissection to create theories 55. Edward Jenner - 1796 cowpox experiment - coined the term vaccine 56. T/F - health is false mentioned in the us constitution 57. industrializa- - new and worse ph problems tion/urbaniza- - poverty tion - slums - disease ( english working class life expectancy of 7 years) 7 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 58. John Snow - GW of public health - educated depsite working class family - observations of cholera outbreak - Broad street pump!!! ( took handle off pump and outbreak subsided) 59. Great Sanitary -growth in scientific knowledge Awakening -humanitarian ideals -connection between poverty and disease -water supply and sewage removal -monitor community health status 60. Sanitary reform 1842 Edwin Chadwick's "Survey into the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring in England Classes in Great Britain" - Landmark research - Graphic descriptions of filth and disease spread in urban areas 1848 General Board of Health - novels brought public attention 61. Sanitary reform 1850 "Report of the Sanitary Commission of Massachusetts" in US 1869 MA State Board of Health Health records, vital public health statistics as tools to fight disease System of sanitary inspection. Vaccination programs ph info for citizens 62. Louis Pasteur - germs caused many disease (1862) - first public health lab (1888) 63. Robert Koch identified the vibrio that causes cholera, 20 years after snows discovery - discovered tb bacterium 64. 8 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 Sanitation revo- - Clean water; water treatment lution - Food inspection - Soaps, disinfectants, and pharmaceuticals - Personal hygiene (bathing) - Public works departments; garbage collection, landfills, and street cleaning - Public health departments and regulation 65. PH eras in Ameri- battling epidemics/ infectious disease ca - prior to 1850 66. PH eras in Ameri- building state and local public health infrastructure ca - 1850-1949 67. PH eras in Ameri- filling gaps in medical care delivery, controlling infectious disease, report on ca - 1950-1985 smoking 68. PH eras in Ameri- health promotio, disease prevention, multiple risk factor interventions, HIV/AIDS ca - 1985-2000 69. PH eras in Ameri- Preparing for and responding to community health threats, population health, ca - 2000-present global collaboration, health care access/insurance 70. Define social de- The circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work and age terminants of ( affected by access to money, power and resources) health 71. Social determi- - economic stability nants of health - education access and quality DHHS - health care access and quality - neighborhood and environment - social and community context 72. 9 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 Social determi- - economic stability nant of health - neighborhood and environment KFF - education acess and quality - food - social and community context - health care access and quality 73. difference be- food tween DHHS and KFF 74. What does DDHS department of health and human services stand for 75. What is popula- interplay between health care systems, traditional public health, and social policy tion health 76. what is evidence based strategies to prevent disease, disability, death and to protect population health health addressed through? 77. Why is popula- -Mortality and morbidity prevented tion health im- -Longer life expectancy* portant -Quality of life -20th Century achievements 78. Life expectancy People of color has really been going down in the us overall, 10 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 but who has it im- pacted the most? 79. Why do hispan- The unite together and use each other as a protective factor ic immigrants in the us have a longer life ex- pectancy 80. TF - we were in an TRUE early death cri- sis before covid ( due to drugs/heart dis- ease/accidents) 81. D males or fe- Females males have a longer life ex- pectancy? 82. Why do men risky behaviors, genetics, work environment, inability to release emotion, acci- have a lower life dents expectancy? 83. 5 races/ethinici- AIAN (American Indian Alaskan native) tys identified in asian the life expectan- hispanic cy cause of death black pdf white 84. Out of the 5 races Black, Hispanic, and AIAN ( all people of color) in the pdf what 11 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 races was covid most prevalent in 85. What COD trait is accidents prevalent across the board 86. What is one top Homicides ten COD for only blacks and no one else 87. T/F - gun violence FALSE is getting better in the us 88. US causes of - not infectious and chronic death shifted from infectious to ____ and acute to_____ 89. Ten Great Public 1. Vaccination. Health Achieve- 2. Motor-vehicle safety. ments 1900-1999 3. Safer workplaces. 4. Control of infectious diseases. 5. Decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke. 6. Safer and healthier foods. 7. Healthier mothers and babies. 8. Family planning. 9. Fluoridation of drinking water. 10. Recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard. 12 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 90. Unique features social justice perspective, inherently political, evolving expectations leading to of public health expanding agenda, link with government, grounding in science, focus on pre- science and so- vention, uncommon culture cial values 91. Components of access, quality, and cost of healthcare health law pol- Organizational and professional structures for the delivery of care icy and ethics - health care : SCOPE 92. Components of Rules governing Medicare and Medicaid, private insurance health law poli- Hospital governance cy and ethics - Professional licensure health care : EX- Certificate of need AMPLES OF IS- SUES 93. Components of Population health and safety, including governmental efforts to provide services health law policy to entire populations, as well as vulnerable groups and ethics - pub- lic health : SCOPE 94. Components of Food and drug laws and procedures health law policy Environmental laws (clean air, water) and ethics - pub- Regulations for control of communicable diseases lic health : EXAM- PLES OF ISSUES 95. Components of Application of individual and group values and morals to controversial areas health law poli- cy and ethics - Bioethics SCOPE: 13 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 96. Components of End-of-life care, stem cell research, abortion, protection of research subjects health law poli- cy and ethics - Bioethics : EXAM- PLES OF ISSUES 97. federalism and "Health" hard to find in US Constitution public health - Relative roles of national, state and local governments in health matters shift over time - Social values shift over time 98. Different sources -Constitutionally based law of law -Legislatively based law -Administrative law -Judicially based law 99. Purposes for Protect and promote health (police and general welfare powers) public health Ensure rights of individuals laws 100. Major levels national, tribal, state, local of governmental public health 101. National Level federal health agencies such as DHHS and its components of Governmental public health 102. Tribal level Indian Health Service and others of governmental public health 103. state health agencies such as health departments and human service agencies 14 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 State level of gov- ernmental public health 104. local level of gov- local public health agencies, often called local health departments ernmental public health 105. Leaders of feder- - Xavier becerra al heath agencies - Mandy K Cohen -Vice admiral Vivek H Murthy 106. Xavier Becerra - secretary of DHHS - first latino to hold this office - first in his family to earn a 4 year degree JD from Stanford 107. Mandy K Cohen Director of CDC 108. Vice admiral US Surgeon general Vivek H Murthy - served as us surgeon general. under Obama 109. Federal Public Ensure all levels of government have the capabilities to provide essential public Health Responsi- health services bilities -Act when health threats may span more than one state, a region, or the entire nation -Act where the solutions may be beyond the jurisdiction of individual states -Act to assist the states when they lack the expertise or resources to effectively respond in a public health emergency -Facilitate the formulation of public health goals 110. 15 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 other roles of - Leadership federal public - Operational and financial resources health - Research and education 111. intergovernmen- federal government had minimal health tole and little financial power; states had tal relations Prior authority, but local governments where where the action was to 1915 112. Intergovernmen- federal tax resources and social shifts pushed federal government to become tal relationships more active; states retained primary authority and local governments were unable after 1915 to keep up with local needs and expectations 113. The legal rela- - federal government can preempt state and local government tionship between - state can use use state constitution and laws to preempt local government in levels of govern- nearly all aareas ( Masks) ment 114. Arrangements Decentralized or centralized within a state can either be: 115. decentralized relate primarily to local government although may also report to state health arrangements agency within a state 116. centralized a unit of the state health agency arrangements within a state 117. Local decentral- local health departments are units led by local governments, which make most ized health de- fiscal decisions partment 118. 16 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 Mixed local some local health departments are led by state government, and some are led by health depart- local government. No one arrangement predominates in the state. ments 119. state/centralized All local health departments are units of state government, which makes most local health fiscal decisions. department - SC is state/centralized 120. Shared Local All local health departments are governed by both state and local authorities. Health Depart- ments 121. State Health - health roles and duties often scattered among dozens of agencies. Agencies - many different configurations for state health agency 122. SC DHEC vision healthy people living in a health community 123. SC DHEC mission to improve the quality of life for all south carolinians by protecting and prompting the health of the public and the environment 124. Changes coming split DHEC into 2 agencies to DHEC 1. Department of Public Health with a Director appointed by the Governor 2. Department of Environmental Serviceswith a Director appointed by the Gover- nor 125. What is con- cause of death, disease, or disability sidered a pub- ( ex: biabetes) lic health prob- lem/issue? 126. What is a risk fat- attributes, characteristics, or exposures that increase the likelihood of a person fro cor developing a disease or health disorder ( ex access to insulin) 127. expansive view asks people to give up a degree of personal liberty for the common good 17 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 128. idealistic view public health is a broad social movement, a campaign to maximize health for everyone in the population through distributing benefits and responsibilities in an equitable way 129. legislatively Congress - senate and house pass laws based law 130. Administrative governor passes law Law 131. judicial based law supreme and federal courts 132. who is a cabi- Xavier Becerra - secretary of dhhs net member ap- pointed by the president 133. 3 core functions assessment(evaluation), policy development( in education and law), assurance of public health (quality and diverse access and workforce) 134. all 3 core func- the equity and health of everyone tions of pub- lic health impact what 135. what is infant death of an infant from time of live birth to one year. It does not include still births morality rate 136. relevance of in- "Infant mortality is used to compare the health and wellbeing of populations fant morality rate across and to public health within countries - Indicates current health status of the population and predicts the health of the 18 / 19  PUBH 302 exam 1 - montgomery Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gmij37 next generation 137. Increased risk of Low birth weight (less than 5lbs 6oz) Infant Mortality if Very low birth weight (less than 3lbs 4oz) Premature birth Male infant Maternal age (d15 y/o or e 40 y/o) Birth order (1st born and those e5th) U.S born mother Maternal smoking, substance abuse, nutritional status, prenatal care Poverty 138. "craddle of Babies in rural SC have a lower chance of survival than a child born in Syria shame " Problems: odoctors don't want to live in these rural areas. oThere are often no OBGYNs close to rural towns oMust travel far to get to big city hospitals oMany people in these communities don't have the means to travel oMay not be able to afford the cost of prenatal care oAre not educated on importance of diet oObesity is a problem in SC and has a large impact on infant health o8 of 46 counties do not have OBGYN o25% of mothers received little/no prenatal care Created a program to have nurses travel from MUSC to rural towns oExpensive oGoal: combat infant mortality oThey found significant reduction in infant mortality 19 / 19