Integumentary System Chapter 6 Review Sheet PDF

# Chapter 6 Review Sheet - Integumentary System ## Functions of the Skin 1. Protection 2. Sensation 3. Movement 4. Excretion 5. Vitamin D Production 6. Immunity ## Epidermal Layers 1. List the five epidermal layers in order from superficial to deep. - Stratum corneum - Stratum lucidum...

# Chapter 6 Review Sheet - Integumentary System ## Functions of the Skin 1. Protection 2. Sensation 3. Movement 4. Excretion 5. Vitamin D Production 6. Immunity ## Epidermal Layers 1. List the five epidermal layers in order from superficial to deep. - Stratum corneum - Stratum lucidum - Stratum granulosum - Stratum spinosum - Stratum basale 2. Which of the five epidermal layers is the only one which can undergo mitosis? **Stratum basale** ## Dermis 3. The dermis is the area referred to as "true skin". 4. Where is the hypodermis and what is its function? **Below the dermis; connects the dermis to underlying tissues** 5. In which area of the body would the stratum corneum be the thickest? **Palms & soles** 6. Which dermal layer is responsible for fingerprints? **Dermal papillae, papillary** 7. Smooth muscles that produce goose pimples when they contract are the **arrector pili**. 8. Prolonged exposure to the sun causes melanocytes to **increase melanin production.** ## Hair Follicle 9. The hair follicle is located in the **dermis** of the skin. 10. Fingernails grow because cells in the **stratum germanitivum** undergo **mitosis**. 11. List the parts of a hair. - Cortex - Root - Medulla - Shaft - Papilla - Follicle ## Sweat Glands 12. Sweat glands are the most numerous, important, and widespread **epidermal, epithelial tissue**. 13. The **eccrine** sweat glands are the most numerous, important, and widespread sweat glands in the body. ## Sebum 14. What is sebum and what is its function? **Oily substance that lubricates hair and skin** ## Ceruminous Glands 15. The **Ceruminous** glands produce the waxy secretion in the external ear canal. ## Burns 16. A second-degree burn is characterized by **severe pain, generalized swelling, and blisters.** 17. A major distinction between second- and third-degree burns is that **3rd-degree burns are characterized by insensitivity to pain immediately after injury.** ## Skin Layers 18. In the skin, the **dermis** is **connective tissue** and the **epidermis** is **epithelial tissue**. 19. Which skin layer is called the barrier area? **Stratum corneum** 20. Which skin layer has cells that look prickly because of the desmosomes that join the cells together? **Stratum spinosum** 21. Which skin layer contains closely packed, clear cells that contain a gel-like substance called eleidin? **Stratum lucidum** ## Burn Causes 22. "Burns" can be caused by **UV light, corrosive chemicals, and electrical current.** ## Melanin & Vitamin D 23. One of the important functions of the skin includes the synthesis of **vitamin D**. 24. **Melanin** is an important skin pigment that protects against ultraviolet light. ## Epidermal Renewal 25. During the life of an individual, **epidermal tissue** is constantly being replaced. 26. Prolonged exposure to the sun causes **increased melanin production.** 27. Only the **epidermis** continually undergoes shedding and regeneration. ## Smooth Muscle 28. Goose pimples, elevation of the testes, and erection of the nipples result from the contraction of **smooth muscle**. 29. The basic ingredient in the skin that determines skin color is **melanin**. 30. The enzyme tyrosinase has **no effect** to the destruction of pigment and result in albinism. 31. **Terminal hair** is the coarse pubic and axillary hair that develops at puberty. 32. In **thin skin**, some of the strata of the skin may be absent. 33. The cells at the **surface** of the skin are dead. 34. The shedding of epithelial elements from the skin surface is called **desquamation**. 35. How are the body regions divided and what are the percentages used in the Rule of Nines? - Head- 4.5% - Arm- 4.5% - Trunk- 18% - Leg- 9% - Pubic- 1% ## Epidermal Strata 36. Fill in the epidermal strata that are described below. | Layer | Description | |---|---| | **Stratum Corneum** | the most superficial layer of the epidermis| | **Stratum Corneum** | composed of very thin squamous (flat) cells| | **Stratum Lucidum** | cells are filled with a gel-like substance called eleidin | | **Stratum Basale** | cells undergo mitosis | | **Stratum Granulosum** | cells are filled with keratohyalin | | **Stratum Spinosum** | contains prominent intercellular bridges or desmosomes |