Unit 3 Planet Earth Exam PDF

Unit 3 - Planet Earth Exam 1. What is the outermost layer of the Earth called? a) Mantle b) Core c) Crust d) Lithosphere 2. Which of the following is NOT a type of tectonic plate boundary? a) Convergent b) Divergent c) Transform d) Rotational 3. What causes the seasons on Earth? a) The E...

Unit 3 - Planet Earth Exam 1. What is the outermost layer of the Earth called? a) Mantle b) Core c) Crust d) Lithosphere 2. Which of the following is NOT a type of tectonic plate boundary? a) Convergent b) Divergent c) Transform d) Rotational 3. What causes the seasons on Earth? a) The Earth's rotation b) The Earth's tilted axis c) The Earth's revolution around the Sun d) The Moon's gravitational pull 4. Which layer of the Earth is liquid? a) Inner core b) Outer core c) Mantle d) Crust 5. What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water? a) About 50% b) About 60% c) About 70% d) About 80% 6. Which of the following is NOT a layer of the atmosphere? a) Troposphere b) Stratosphere c) Mesosphere d) Lithosphere 7. What is the main cause of ocean currents? a) The Moon's gravity b) Wind patterns c) Earth's rotation d) Underwater volcanoes 8. What causes the Earth's magnetic field? a) The Sun's radiation b) The Moon's gravity c) The movement of molten iron in the outer core d) The rotation of the Earth 9. Which of these factors does NOT affect climate? a) Latitude b) Ocean currents c) Elevation d) Moon phases 10. Which of the following is NOT a renewable resource? a) Solar energy b) Wind energy c) Geothermal energy d) Coal 11. How do earthquakes help scientists understand the Earth's interior? a) By creating new rock formations b) By releasing greenhouse gases c) By generating seismic waves that travel through the Earth d) By changing the Earth's magnetic field 12. What role do decomposers play in the carbon cycle? a) They produce oxygen through photosynthesis b) They break down dead organisms and release carbon back into the environment c) They convert carbon dioxide into glucose d) They store carbon in their shells and skeletons 13. How might climate change affect the water cycle? a) It will have no effect on the water cycle b) It might lead to more frequent and intense precipitation in some areas c) It will cause all glaciers to melt within a year d) It will make the water cycle stop completely 14. Why are coral reefs important to the ocean ecosystem? a) They produce most of the ocean's salt b) They prevent hurricanes from forming c) They provide habitat for many species and protect coastlines d) They generate electricity for nearby coastal cities 15. What would happen if the Earth's axis wasn't tilted? a) We would have no seasons b) The Moon would crash into Earth c) Gravity would stop working d) The Earth would spin faster 16. How do tectonic plates affect the formation of mountains? a) They have no effect on mountain formation b) They can push against each other, forcing the Earth's crust upward c) They attract meteors which crash and form mountains d) They create winds that erode the land into mountain shapes Short Response Questions: 17. Explain how convection currents in the mantle contribute to plate tectonic movement. Why is this important for understanding earthquakes and volcanoes? 18. Describe how the phases of the Moon occur. Why do we see different shapes of the Moon from Earth? 19. Explain the difference between the inner and outer core of the Earth. How does each contribute to Earth's magnetic field? 20. What is the lithosphere, and how does it interact with the asthenosphere? Why is this interaction important for plate tectonics? 21. Why is Earth not a perfect sphere? How does its shape affect gravity at different locations on the planet? 22. What causes day and night on Earth? How is this related to Earth's rotation? 23. How does Earth's tilt influence the amount of sunlight different parts of the planet receive? Why is this important for seasons? 24. What is the significance of the equator in understanding Earth's climate zones? How does its position relate to Earth's tilt and shape? 25. Explain why the poles experience long periods of darkness or daylight during certain times of the year. How is this related to Earth's tilt and revolution? 26. How does the Moon affect Earth's tides? Why are there two high tides and two low tides each day? Essay Question 27. Describe the relationship between Earth's rotation, tilt, and revolution, and explain how these movements affect phenomena such as day and night, seasons, and the phases of the Moon. Why are these processes important for life on Earth? Essay Question: 36. Imagine you are a scientist studying the effects of climate change on a coastal ecosystem. Describe at least three potential impacts of rising sea levels and increasing ocean temperatures on the plants and animals in this ecosystem. Then, propose two possible solutions that could help protect this ecosystem from the effects of climate change. Explain how each solution would work and any challenges that might arise in implementing them.