Kinetic Molecular Theory PDF

# The Kinetic Molecular Theory ## Kinetic - comes from the Greek word "kinein" which means "to move" ## Gas Forces that attract the molecules together are negligible in ideal gas molecules. ## Gas When the absolute temperature is increased, the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules also inc...

# The Kinetic Molecular Theory ## Kinetic - comes from the Greek word "kinein" which means "to move" ## Gas Forces that attract the molecules together are negligible in ideal gas molecules. ## Gas When the absolute temperature is increased, the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules also increases. - **Cool gas, fewer and less energetic collisions** - **Hot gas, more and more energetic collisions** ## Liquids and Solids - Forces of attraction - Kinetic energy - dependent upon temperature ## Effects of Temperature on Molecular Motion - **Solid** - Cold - Hot - **Liquid** - Cold - Hot ## Temperature affects the amount of kinetic energy of the molecules, therefore affecting their movement. This means that the particles of matter expand upon heating and contract upon cooling. ## Phases of Matter ### Solid The particles of solids are closely packed together, resulting to definite sizes and shapes; also responsible for their malleability and ductility. ### Liquid The particles of liquids are slightly far from one another, allowing liquids to flow and take the shape of their containers; they do not have definite sizes and shapes. ### Gas The particles of gases move freely and are very far from one another, which is why we cannot see them. ## Diagram of the 3 States of Matter - Add energy - **Solid** - **Liquid** - **Gas** - Remove energy