Unit 1 - Homeostasis & the Cell PDF
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This document is about proteins, their role and function in ensuring systems work properly, and how they can build other proteins, provide structure to cells, act as messengers, help with chemical reactions, control substance movement across cell membranes and other functions.
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Proteins Role : Function ensures systems are functioning properly · can build other proteins (DNA polymerase provides structure to the cell (actin) · messenger...
Proteins Role : Function ensures systems are functioning properly · can build other proteins (DNA polymerase provides structure to the cell (actin) · messenger for (neurotransmitters hormones signaling = helping chemical reactions occur cenzymes) the cell membrane controlling the movement of substances across 6 Functions of membrane proteins cell identity marker · a cellular identification tab distinguishes self from non-self cells (like foreign bacterial · · crucial for immune response a tissue formation · often made up of protein : Carbohydrates/ glucose in green cell surface receptor ↳ called GIYCOPROTEINS receives extracellular signals from molecules like hormones or neurotransmitter : transmits intracellular messages through other molecules eg. Nervous System create neurotransmitters bind to cell receptors : change · surface a in the cell eg 2. Hormones Some hormones bind to surface receptors : Set off cascade · cell a messages win of the cell , allowing cell to respond. Ion channel allows certain ions to more across membrane eg/ k"leak channels , Not voltage-gated channels cell-cell adhesion proteins mediate cell-cell interactions : maintain trasues integrity organization · :. Tight-junction molecules eg protein holds the cells of the heart to so that tissue of the heart doesn't tear w/ each heart beat transporters allow for the movement of molecules across membrane 1) Facilitated diffusion movement of solutes [] gradient passive along eg/ glucose 2) Active transport against 57 gradient using ATP · eg Npu B Secondary 3) active transport · uses ion gradients driven by E from transport gradient-established primary active · Enzymes Catalyze reactions facilitate processes signaling transport breakdown · or such as , , or of molecules eg maltase. LESSON 3- OSMOSIS what is osmosis ? movement of Ho semi-permeable membrane down it's
