Dental Pulp Final Exam PDF

Test 5 – Dental pulp 1. Which are the true statements about the dental pulp? a. It originates from the dental papilla b. It begins its development during the bud stage c. It originates from the dental follicle d. It has an epithelial origin e. It has a mesenchymal origin A) a, c, e B) a, d...

Test 5 – Dental pulp 1. Which are the true statements about the dental pulp? a. It originates from the dental papilla b. It begins its development during the bud stage c. It originates from the dental follicle d. It has an epithelial origin e. It has a mesenchymal origin A) a, c, e B) a, d C) b, c, e D) a, e E) c, e 2. When does the development of dental pulp end? A) After the formation of the dental crown B) After the formation of the enamel C) After EDJ formation D) Continues throughout the life of the tooth E) After the eruption of the tooth and the complete root formation 3. List the layers of pulp starting from the nearest to the dentine enamel junction (DEJ): ……………………………………. ……………………………………. ……………………………………. …………………………………… 4. The zone of Weil/ Cell-free zone in the pulp is: a. A cell-rich zone b. A cell-free zone c. A reservoir for a body fluid and food d. Under the odontoblast cells e. In the central part of the pulp A) a, c, d B) b, c, d C) b, c, e D) a, c, e E) b, d 5. The cell-rich area is: a. With densely spaced cells b. It contains mainly fibroblasts c. Contains undifferentiated mesenchymal cells d. It is located below Weil's cell-free zone e. It is located in the peripheral zone A) a, b, d B) b, c, d C) c, d, e D) b, c, d, e E) all are correct 6. The central area of the pulp is: a. Composed only of cells, fibers and nerves b. Composed of odontogenic cells 30  c. Consists of cells, fibers, nerves, blood vessels, lymph, intercellular substance d. Below the peripheral zone e. Most organized in the area of the pulp horns A) a, d, e B) b, d, e C) c, d D) b, e E) c, d, e 7. State the correct statements about fibroblasts in the pulp: a. The most numerous cells in the pulp b. They have the function of producing fibers c. They originate from the first element of the tooth germ d. They synthesize collagen type I and type III, as well as proteoglycans and glycoaminglycans e. They are found only in the central area A) b, c, d B) a, b C) b, d, e D) a, d, e E) d, e 8. Indicate the correct statements concerning the odontogenic zone of the pulp: a. It consists of odontoblasts and fibroblasts b. It participates in the formation of dentin c. It is preserved though the whole life of the pulp d. The cells connect with each other with tight connections, Gap-links and intermediate connections e. The pulpo-dentinal complex is formed by the cells of this zone A) a, b, c B) b, c, d, e C) b, d, e D) a, b, e E) all are correct 9. List at least 7 types of cells, besides odontoblasts and fibroblasts that can be found in the pulp: 1………………………………………. 2………………………………………. 3………………………………………. 4………………………………………. 5………………………………………. 6………………………………………. 7………………………………………. 10. Briefly describe what shunts in the pulp are and their function: …………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………….. 11. Point the correct statements about collaterals in the pulp: a. They are additional side vascular pathways b. They are connecting vessels between an arterial and a venous vessel c. The are needed for ensuring the odontoblast metabolism 31 d. They regulate the pH and temperature of the tissue e. They provide additional blood suply to the tissue A) a, b, d B) b, c C) a, c, e D) a, e E) all are correct 12. Shunts in the dental pulp are: a. Connecting vessels between arterial and venous vessel b. Regulators of blood flow through sphincters c. When the pulp is at rest, 1/3 of the blood reaching it is removed through them d. When there is inflammation, most of them are closed e. They can be composed of one or more vessels with a collective shell A) a, b, e B) a, b, c, e C) b, c, d D) a, b, d E) all are correct 13. Indicate which statements are true for the microcirculation system in the pulp: a. It is located in the subodontoblast space b. It provides the metabolism of the odontoblast zone c. Actively participates in blood regulation d. In it the blood slows down e. Regulates the pH and temperature of the tissue A) a, b, e B) b, c, e C) a, c, e D) a, b, c, e E) all are correct 14. What is the function of hyaluronic acid in the pulp? a. Regulation of water exchange b. Regulation of Na and K transport c. Protective function d. Trophic function e. Dentin mineralization A) a, b, d B) a, c, d, e C) a, b, e D) a, b, c E) all are correct 15. List the functions of the dental pulp: …………………………………………................. ……………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………. 16. List the stages of dental pulp development: ……………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………. 17. List 3 differences between coronal and root dental pulp: 1…………………………………….. 2……………………………………... 3……………………………………… 32 17. List at least 3 differences between young and old dental pulp: 1………………………………………… 2………………………………………….. 3………………………………………….. 18. Describe the changes that occur during the preparation of the odontoblasts for synthesis and secretion: ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………. 20. Which nerves can innervate the dental pulp? ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………. ……………………………………………. 21. Which of the following statements are true about dental pulp: a. The volume of the dental pulp is about 0.2 ml b. It is innervated only by n.trigeminus c. Its final differentiation ends with the closure/formation of the apex d. The pulp originates from the dental papilla e. The pulp originates from the dental papilla and the dental sacculus f. The volume of the dental pulp is about 0.5 ml A) a, b, c, d B) a, c, d C) b, c, d, f D) a, c, e E) c, e, f 22. Which of the following statements is true for accessory channels: a. They are branches of blood vessels inside the pulp b. In temporary molars, they are commonly located in the bifurcation c. They don't have any importance in the clinic d. They can be the result of a rupture of the epithelial sheet during root formation e. They occur in 33% of permanent teeth A) b, d, e B) b, c, e C) a, b, e D) a, c, d E) a, c, d, e 33 23. Rashkoff's plexus is: a. The microcirculatory system of the dental pulp b. Parietal nerve layer in the dental pulp c. Composed of peripheral nerve branches d. Composed of peripheral nerve branches that do not make a direct connection with the odontoblasts e. System of anastomoses, providing regulation of the pressure of tissue fluids in the pulp A) a, e B) b, c C) b, d D) d, e E) none is correct 24. Stem cells in the pulp: a. Are found only in the pulp of permanent teeth b. Can develop into connective tissue cells c. They can develop into odontoblasts d. After differentiation, they can build an organic matrix and mineralize it e. They cannot participate in the construction of organic matrix A) a, b, d B) a, c, d C) b, d D) b, c, e E) a, b 25. Dendritic cells in the pulp: a. Originate from the bone marrow b. Are antigen-presenting cells c. Are part of the specific immune response d. In carious teeth, they infiltrate the odontoblast layer and increase their number e. They can phagocytose f. Remove dead cells from the pulp A) a, c, e B) a, b, d, f C) a, b, d D) b, c, e D) all are correct 26. The embryonic period of the dental pulp is characterized by: a. Beginning - forming of the tooth germ and ending with the formation of the crown b. Plenty of fibroblasts and young undifferentiated cells c. Fully structured circulatory and nervous system d. Fully formed apical opening, which would impede the drainage of inflammatory exudate e. Mostly liquid tissue medium with fast transport A) b, e B) a, b, c C) b, c, d D) a, c, d E) all are correct 27. The senile period of the dental pulp is characterized by: a. Reducing the volume of the pulp b. Reducing the protective properties of the pulp c. Increased sensitivity d. Beginning after the formation of the apical opening e. It occurs only in teeth with pulp inflammation A) a, c, d B) b, d, e C) a, b, e D) a, b E) b, e 34 28. Specify the correct statements about the pulp stones: a. They are found in teeth with pulp inflammation b. They are formed only after the completion of the eruption and the start of function of the tooth c. Result of excessive stimulation of the dental papilla d. They can be real or fake e. They can be attached, freely existing or included in the dentin A) a, c, d B) b, d, e C) c, d D) a, d, e E) d, e 29. What is the origin of the dental pulp? d) From the dental papilla e) From the dental follicle f) From the enamel organ 30. When does it start the vascularization of the developing dental pulp? a) Bud stage b) Bell stage c) Cap stage 31. Anatomically, the dental pulp is divided into:…….. pulp and ………. pulp. 32. Which is the correct order of the zones in the peripheral pulp (when we start counting from the most superficial zone)? a) Cell-free zone b) Cell-rich zone c) Odontoblastic layer d) Rashcoff’s parietal nerve plexus A) a-b-c-d B) b-a-c-d C) c-a-b-d D) d-b-a-c 33. Which are the correct statements for the odontoblasts? a) They are living throughout the pulp life. b) They produce enamel and dentin c) They are the main nutritional pathway for dentin metabolism d) They reach the DEJ e) They are the informational connection with the enamel f) They protect the pulp through the formation of tertiary dentin. A) All of the above B) a, c, d, e C) a, b, d, e, f D) a, c, d, e, f 34. Which is the wrong statement for the Central pulp? a) It’s called an odontogenic area b) In the central pulp can be found undifferentiated cells 35  c) The central region of the coronal pulp exhibits large blood vessels and nerves d) Blood vessels and nerves are surrounded by fibroblasts and collagen fibers embedded in an intercellular matrix 35. Which of the following cells can be found in the dental pulp? a) Fibroblasts b) Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells; c) Lypmphocytes; d) Macrophages; e) Dendritic cells; f) Neutrophils; g) Plasma cells; h) Mast cells; A) All of the above B) a, c, d, e C) b, c, f D) a, b, c. d, e, f, g 36. Which is the correct order of the pulpal blood vessels if you start from the vessels which enter the tooth from the apical foramen and finish with the vessels which exit the tooth? a) Venules b) Arterioles c) Pre-capillarys d) Capillary loops e) Collecting venules f) Terminal arterioles A. a-b-c-f-e-d B. b-f-c-d-e-a C. a-e-d-c-f-b D. b-a-c-d-e-f 37. Which are the most numerous connective tissue cells in the pulp? a) Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells; b) Fibroblasts; c) Immunocompetent cells; 38. The following sentence describes the functional period of the pulp: Starts at the moment of dental papilla formation and stops when the root apex is completely formed. A. True B. False 39. Which is the correct statement about the pulp physiology? a) Gradually, with age, the fibers and the cells are decreasing; b) Gradually, with age, the fibers are decreasing and the cells are increasing; 36  c) With age, the fibers and the cells are increasing; d) Gradually, with age, the fibers are increasing and the cells are decreasing; 40. Which is the most important function of the pulp? a) Inductive; b) To provide vitality to the teeth; c) Reparative; d) Sensory; 37