UCSP G12 Q2 W1 PDF

0 G12 HUMSS Understanding Culture, Society & Politics QUARTER 2: WEEK 1 Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit Schools Divisio...

0 G12 HUMSS Understanding Culture, Society & Politics QUARTER 2: WEEK 1 Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula Zamboanga City “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  1 CapSLET Humss - ucsp Subject & UCSP -12 QUARTER 2 WEEK 1 DAY Grade Level dd/mm/yyyy DEFINING THE NATURE, GOALS, AND PERSPECTIVES OF CONTENT ANTHROPOLOGY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, AND SOCIOLOGY MOST ESSENTIAL Explain the forms and functions of state and non-state LEARNING COMPETENCY institutions IMPORTANT: Do not write on this material. Write your answers on separate sheets of papers. KNOW AND UNDERSTAND CONTENT STANDARD: The learners demonstrate an understanding of cultural, social, and political institutions as sets of norms and patterns of behavior that relate to the major social interest. CHECKPOINT: Why are State and Non-State Institutions important to the society? When associations are formed, they evolve certain rules, regulations, and laws and also certain ways of behaviour, which keep them together. Associations viewed in this way are called institutions. “Institutions are the ways in which the value patterns of the common culture of a social system are integrated in the concrete action of its units in their interaction with each other through the definition of role expectations and the organization of motivation” (Parsons and Smelser, 1956). Social institutions are generally, patterns of norms that define behaviour in social relationship. The term ‘institution’ is sometimes used to refer to organizations or associations and sometimes to designate a normal principle that defines clusters of important behaviour, such as marriage or property. It is a system of beliefs, norms, values, positions, and activities that develop around a basic societal need. Long back, W.G. Sumner (Folkways, 1906) defined it as: “An institution consists of a concept (idea, notion, doctrine, and interest) and a structure (a framework or apparatus).” According to Horton and Hunt (Sociology, 1964), “an institution is an organized system of social relationships (is the network of roles and statuses through which this behaviour is carried out) which embodies certain common values ( refer to shared ideas and goals) and common procedures (refer to ‘common standardized behaviour patterns the group follow) and meets certain basic needs of the society”. “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  2 Types of Institutions According to W.G. Sumner (Folkways, 1906), institutions are of two types: 1. Crescive: Institutions that take shape in the mores are known as crescive institutions. Property, marriage, and religion are all crescive institutions. 2. Enacted Institutions that are productions of rational invention and intention such as schools, colleges, corporations, banks etc. 3. Basic Institutions These are simply those that are regarded as important to maintain social order in society. The Family Institutions, Political Institutions, Educational Institutions, Religious Institutions etc. 4. Subsidiary Institutions These Institutions are a bit complex in the way that they are not necessarily so much in order to maintain social order. Like recreational activities and clubs come under these institutions. State and Non-State Institutions 1. Forms of State Institutions/Government Institutions Institutions are structures and mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of two or more individuals. Institution is commonly applied to customs and behavior patterns important to a society, as well as to particular formal organizations and public service. (Wikipedia, 2006) Every major social institution is the product of a long period of trial and error, none was developed in a rational way. It is the product of social process. In its developed form, an institution has a definite structure (machinery) that grows up to control the practices and administer the rules. State Institutions are those which function for the State or the Government like Department of Education, Department of Health, Department of Interior and Local Government, Congress, Senate, Judiciary, Government-Owned and Controlled Corporations, and many more. These institutions offer public service. Functions of State Institutions Institutions develop out of certain human needs or interests. It is an organized way of doing something. They are the standardized solutions to collective problems. Every institution performs some functions—manifest and latent both. Manifest functions are those which are easy to recognize as part of the institution and latent functions which are unintended and may be unrecognized or if recognized regarded as by-product (Merton, 1957). The manifest function of mass public education is to enable all to share the knowledge and skills. Some of the latent functions of this activity would be weakening of the control of parents, altering the class system, and keeping the youth off the labour market till he finishes the education. “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  3 2. Forms of Non-State Institutions These are institutions who participate in international affairs and relations but are not affiliated with any state or nation. EXAMPLES OF NON-STATE INSTITUTION Banks, Corporations, Cooperatives, Trade Unions, Transnational Advocacy, Development Agencies, and International Organizations. Functions of Non-State Functions Banks and corporations both play a part in the economic growth of society. As mentioned earlier, financial intermediation in a bank allows the institution to issue loans to borrowing customers (individual or group) who need money for their investment, at a higher interest rate. This loan will, then, facilitate businesses and investments. In short, loans from the bank will keep businesses going. Continued operation of businesses leads to greater chances of generating more income for the business and increasing employment. More income would entail more savings to be deposited in a bank which will be used to lend to future customers. In this case, it can be seen that the bank plays a role in facilitating the cycle of expediting investments and generating more income and savings. There are several types of cooperatives, depending on its specific function and purpose.  A credit cooperative provides financial services to its members, including securing savings and creating funds to be used for issuing loans.  A consumer cooperative operates mainly to obtain and distribute products and commodities to its customers, both members and non-members.  Producer cooperatives aids those in the sector of production, either agricultural or industrial. A subtype of a producer cooperative is agricultural cooperatives which help producers or farmers in marketing their crops as well as in purchasing supplies needed for further production.  A service cooperative (or a worker cooperative) concentrates on helping workers in the service-oriented occupations (i.e. health care, transportation, labor) by creating employment opportunities and other benefits to its members.  A multi-purpose cooperative undertakes two or more functions of different cooperatives. For example, multi-purpose cooperative could act as a consumer cooperative and establish a supermarket. At the same time, it could also provide financial services like a credit cooperative. Trade Unions Part of the universal human rights of every individual is his right to organize and form associations that would protect his rights as a worker; the embodiment of this right is trade unions. A trade union or labor union is an organization with a membership composed of workers or employees from related fields, which aim to represent the interests and rights of its members, both in the workplace and in the society. “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  4 Functions and Strategies The main function of a transnational advocacy group is the creation and development of advocacies and campaigns about certain causes, issues, ideas, values, and beliefs. These campaigns aim to motivate changes in policies, which are necessary for the betterment of people involved. Since this non-state institution do not have inherent power to make instant policy changes in the state, they use, instead, the power of information dissemination, together with other strategies, to influence state actors who are in legitimate position to create such changes. Keck and Sikkink named four tactics used by transnational advocacy groups to influence the state’s behavior and policy making. These are information politics, symbolic politics, leverage politics, and accountability politics. First, information politics is the ability to produce and circulate accurate and credible ideas and information to persuade people and motivate them to take action. Transnational advocacy groups do these through campaigns and other ways of communication. Symbolic politics is the ability of the group to interpret and use symbols or stories in such a way that it would emphasize the issue at hand. They provide explanations about an event and connects it to the specific cause. For example, the death and extinction of certain animal species may be used by environmental advocacy groups to raise awareness about environmental degradation. Leverage politics enables transnational advocacy groups to use some form of leverage, to tap and influence target actors that are powerful enough to institute policy changes. These powerful actors may come from the government, larger institutions (e.g. World Bank), or even corporate business owners. Lastly, accountability politics happens as transnational advocacy groups convince state actors to change their position about certain issues and persuades them further to act upon their verbal support about certain issues. Advocacy groups can use their power of information to expose the discrepancy between an actor’s words and his action. Roles of Development Agencies As mentioned earlier, development agencies have a range of tasks. It is, however, important to note that it is up to the organization to decide which among the wide array of tasks they will pursue. Normally, specific tasks of a development agency are dependent on the aspect of development it focuses on. In a research commissioned by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the roles of development agencies may include;  A. Strategic roles, such as coordinating with local actors and international donors, monitoring the local economy, and strategic planning for economic and local development;  B. Asset and investment roles, such as land and property management, funding and investing in local development projects, income generation, and provision of grants or donations for other organizations;  C. Innovation, enterprise, skills, and employment roles, which include workforce and skills development, employment creation, and support of small and medium scale businesses; “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  5  D. Promotional roles, like foreign investment promotions and project management; and;  E. Capacity building roles which include providing technical assistance to other local development organizations and informing them of good practices and models. The word international organization is an umbrella term used to refer to institutions established by three or more states as voluntary members, formed through a formal agreement or treaty, in order to promote cooperation and coordination among them. Members of an international organization work together for the development and management of their common interests. The main feature and characteristic of an international organization which distinguishes it from other non-state institutions, is that its membership is entirely composed of national states or governments. These member states give power to the international organization which gives the institution some degree of authority to manage and govern the same member states. International organizations tend to focus on different agendas. The decision of what agenda to pursue by an organization exclusively depends on the interests of its members. Some agenda may be economic (e.g. finance and investments), humanitarian (e.g. human welfare, human rights), or environmental (e.g. global warming, climate change, biodiversity) in nature. Significance of International Organizations International organizations provide an avenue for different countries and states to connect. This connection among countries help form international laws, norms, and ideas, which in turn strengthen the relationship among member states. These norms also serve as guides on how to regulate and manage these member states. Through the development of these norms, states are guided in their actions both locally and internationally. Due to the presence of an independent international institution, issues that are present across different national borders will be addressed and recognized. There will be a body to monitor actions of member states and investigate those actions against humanity (e.g. human rights violation). In the end, we can claim that international organizations have been embedded in the lives of people, as they perform multiple functions— tasks that aim to improve the lives of people by pursuing different development agenda. The most fundamental function of institutions, according to Talcott Parsons, is to regulate social relations (social control). Institutions form the foundation of society and supply the basic prerequisites of group life:  the reproduction and the socialization of children (family);  the affirmation of values and an approach to non-empirical questions (religion),  the transmission of cultural heritage, knowledge, and skills from one generation to the next (education);  the production and distribution of goods and services (economy);  and social leadership and the protection of individuals from one another and from forces outside the society (politics). SAQ1: What are the forms of state institutions? What are the functions of these state institutions? SAQ2: What are the forms of non-state institutions? What are the functions of these non- state institutions? “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  6 Learner’s Name: _________________________________________ Date: ____________ Grade/ Section: ____________________________________________________________ Name of Adviser: ___________________________________________________________ School: ____________________________________________________________________ BE ABLE TO DO Apply your understanding of cultural, social, and political institutions as sets of norms and patterns of behavior that relate to the major social interest. Let’s Practice! Activity 1: Zamboanga “de aton este” Home – Based LoT (Individual Activity) Directions: Make a slogan (any language and dialect may do) that best represent each of the pictures below. Then, explain its forms and functions in our society (Zamboanga City). Use separate sheets for this activity. Image 1: Zamboanga City Hall Image 2: Zamboanga City Cathedral & Taluksangay Mosque Image 3: DepEd Zamboanga City Image 4: Famous Bank, Shopping Mall, Division and Sardines Factory in Zamboanga City Guide Questions: 1. Which among the pictures presented above are considered as State Institutions? Explain why. 2. Which of the following pictures shown above are considered as Non-State Institutions? Explain why. “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  7 Let’s Practice PaMORE! Activity 2: PROVE IT!!! “Cite your evidence to strengthen your point.” Home – Based LoT (Individual Activity) Directions: Explain the forms and functions of State and Non-State Institutions through a Graphic Organizer. Use the sample statement from the pictures cited above to cite your evidence to support your answer. Use separate sheets for this activity. T! INSTITUTION State Institutions “Cite your evidence to strengthen your point” W.G. Sumner Non-State Institutions (Folkways, 1906) defined it as: “An institution consists of a concept (idea, notion, doctrine, and interest) and a structure (a framework or apparatus).” My Realizations Let’s Practice EVEN MORE!!! Activity 3: NARRATIVE REPORT Home – Based LoT (Individual Activity) Directions: Write a Narrative Report entitled “Forms and Functions of State and Non-State Institutions” with the following guide questions as your content guide. Use separate sheets for this activity. Guide Questions: 1. What are the forms of State Institutions? 2. What are the forms of Non-State Institutions? 3. What are the functions of State and Non-State Institutions? Forms and Functions of State and Non-State Institutions ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  8 REMEMBER Key Points Institutions are established ways of doing things. These involve discipline and curbing human emotions and behaviour. * Institutions are the ways in which the value patterns of the, common culture of a social system are integrated in the concrete action of its units in their interaction with each other through the definition of role expectations and the organization of motivation. *‘Common values’ refer to shared ideas and goals, the ‘common procedures’ are the standardized behaviour patterns the group follow, and the ‘system of relationship’ is the network of roles and statuses through which this behaviour is carried out. *E.W. Burgess has offered four-fold classification: 1. Cultural institutions for transmitting social heritage like family, school, church (religious institutions). 2. Economic institutions for organising of services of utility like bank, labour union, commercial and industrial enterprises. 3. Recreational institutions for satisfying human desire of entertainment, amusement and play etc. 4. Social control institutions for solving social problems of society and personality. TRY Let’s see how much you have learned today! DIRECTIONS: Explain the big idea by giving supporting details. Use separate sheets for your evaluation. “Individualities may form communities, but it is institutions alone that can BIG IDEA create a nation” Benjamin Desareli ____________________________ ____________________________ Supporting details ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ Supporting details ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________________ Parent/Guardian’s Signature Above printed Name “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  9 BOOK: Antonio P. Contreras, PhD, Et.al phoenix publishing house WEBSITE: REFERENCES https://www.slideshare.net/angelitamontilla/module-2-lesson-4-the-nonstate-institutions https://www.preservearticles.com/sociology/institutions-definition-types-and-functions-of- institutions/30474 https://prezi.com/yt3n8qno-xax/ucsp/ This learning resource contains copyright materials. The use of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making this learning resource in our efforts to provide printed and e-copy learning resources available for the learners in reference to the learning DISCLAIMER continuity plan for this division in this time of pandemic. This LR is produced and distributed locally without profit and will be used for educational purposes only. No malicious infringement is intended by the writer. Credits and respect to the original creator/owner of the materials found in this learning resource. “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  10 CapSLET HUMSS - UCSP Subject & Grade UCSP - 12 QUARTER 2 WEEK 7 DAY Level dd/mm/yyyy DEFINING THE NATURE, GOALS, AND PERSPECTIVES OF CONTENT ANTHROPOLOGY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, AND SOCIOLOGY MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Explain the forms and functions of state and non-state COMPETENCY institutions ANSWER KEYS Let’s Practice! Activity 1: Zamboanga “de aton este” Home – Based LoT (Individual Activity) Answers: Image 1: Zamboanga City Hall Image 2: Zamboanga City Cathedral & Taluksangay Mosque Answer: “In your strength, we trust.” Answer: “Kapayapaang hatid and nais ipabatid.” Image 3: DepEd Zamboanga City Image 4: Famous Bank, Shopping Mall, Division and Sardines Factory in Zamboanga City Answer: “Karunungan ninanais, sa Answer: “Kapayapaang hatid and nais inyo’y lumalapit.” ipabatid.” 1. Which among the pictures presented above are considered as State Institutions? Explain why. A. State Institution (Images 1 and 3) because These institutions are owned and controlled by the government. 2. Which among the pictures presented above are considered as Non-State Institutions? Explain why. B. Non-state institution (Images 2 and 4) because They participate in international affairs and relations but are not connected and controlled by the government. Let’s Practice PaMORE! “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School  11 Activity 2: PROVE IT!!! “Cite your evidence to strengthen your point.” Home – Based LoT (Individual Activity) Answers: Institution W.G. Sumner (Folkways, 1906) defined it as: “An institution consists of a concept (idea, notion, doctrine, and interest) and a structure (a framework or apparatus).” STATE INSTITUTION Based on what I have read, it is an institution owned and controlled by the government. NON-STATE INSTITUTION This an institution who participates in international affairs and relations but are not affiliated with any state or nation. MY REALIZATION Institutions play a vital role in our society. It allows the society to flow naturally in all aspects. It strengthens the relationship of all sectors to attain its major goal and that is to make our society a better a place to live. Let’s Practice EVEN MORE!!! Activity 3: NARRATIVE REPORT Home – Based LoT (Individual Activity) Answers: Students’ answers may vary based on their explanation on the forms and functions of State and Non-State Institutions. TRY “Individualities may form communities, but it is institutions alone that can create a nation” Benjamin Desareli According to Horton and Hunt (Sociology, 1964), “an institution is an organised system of social relationships which embodies certain common values and procedures and meets certain basic needs of the society”. Based on what I’ve read, Long back, W.G. Sumner (Folkways, 1906) defined it as: “An institution consists of a concept (idea, notion, doctrine, and interest) and a structure (a framework or apparatus).” “Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!” Prepared by: LESLEY ANN F. ATILANO-TANG, J.D. / Senior High School Teacher - II Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School