UCSP-11_12-Q1-0301-Anthropological-and-Sociological-Perspectives-on-Culture-and-Society-PS-1 PDF

Unit 3 Anthropological and Sociological Perspectives on Culture and Society Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics LEARNING TARGETS At the end of this unit, you should be able to do the following: Explain anthropological and sociological perspectives on culture and society. De...

Unit 3 Anthropological and Sociological Perspectives on Culture and Society Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics LEARNING TARGETS At the end of this unit, you should be able to do the following: Explain anthropological and sociological perspectives on culture and society. Describe society and culture as a complex whole. Identify aspects of culture and society. Raise questions toward a holistic appreciation of cultures and societies. VALUES AND ATTITUDES In this unit, you should be able to do the following: Learn to express gratitude and appreciation. Comprehend differences with an open mind. Respect social and individual differences. CONTEMPORARY EXPERIENCE Listing Philippine Festivals CONTEMPORARY EXPERIENCE A Sinulog Festival (Cebu City) – Held every January, honoring the Santo Niño (Child Jesus) with grand parades and street dancing. Ati-Atihan Festival (Kalibo, Aklan) – Celebrated in January, featuring colorful costumes and tribal dances to honor the Santo Niño. Dinagyang Festival (Iloilo City) – A January celebration with lively street performances and a devotion to the Santo Niño. Panagbenga Festival (Baguio City) – Known as the "Flower Festival," held every February to celebrate the blooming season with floral floats and parades. Pahiyas Festival (Lucban, Quezon) – Celebrated in May, showcasing colorful rice decorations to thank San Isidro Labrador for a bountiful harvest. CONTEMPORARY EXPERIENCE Kadayawan Festival (Davao City) – Held every August, celebrating the city’s harvest and indigenous culture with vibrant street dancing. MassKara Festival (Bacolod City) – A cheerful festival every October, featuring smiling masks and energetic performances. Moriones Festival (Marinduque) – A Lenten festival in March or April, reenacting the story of Longinus with costumed Roman soldiers. Higantes Festival (Angono, Rizal) – Held in November, showcasing giant paper-mâché figures in honor of San Clemente. Obando Fertility Dance Festival (Obando, Bulacan) – Celebrated in May, where couples dance for fertility and blessings. CONTEMPORARY EXPERIENCE Kaamulan Festival (Bukidnon) – A March celebration of the indigenous tribes in Bukidnon, showcasing their traditions and rituals. Parada ng Lechon (Balayan, Batangas) – Held in June, featuring roasted pigs dressed in costumes paraded through the streets. Giant Lantern Festival (San Fernando, Pampanga) – A December festival showcasing intricate and brightly lit giant lanterns. Ibalong Festival (Legazpi City, Albay) – A September celebration of the region’s legendary heroes and epic stories. Pintados-Kasadyaan Festival (Tacloban City, Leyte) – Held in June, celebrating the region’s tattooed warriors and rich culture. CONTEMPORARY EXPERIENCE Zamboanga Hermosa Festival (Zamboanga City) – A grand October celebration in honor of Our Lady of the Pillar. Tuna Festival (General Santos City) – A September festival celebrating the city’s tuna fishing industry. Pagoda Festival (Bocaue, Bulacan) – Held in July, featuring a fluvial parade in honor of the Holy Cross of Wawa. Sandugo Festival (Tagbilaran City, Bohol) – A July festival commemorating the blood compact between Datu Sikatuna and Miguel López de Legazpi. Lanzones Festival (Camiguin) – Celebrated in October, highlighting the lanzones fruit with colorful street dances and activities UNIT STIMULUS My Culture, My Society CENTRAL QUESTION How do we use anthropology and sociology to examine culture and society? 10 Lesson 1 Anthropological and Sociological Perspectives on Culture and Society Unit 3| Anthropological and Sociological Perspectives on Culture and Society Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics 11 Anthropology and Sociology Anthropology Sociology Anthropology and Sociology Anthropology is the scientific study of humans, their behavior, cultures, societies, and biological aspects across time. Anthropology Key areas in anthropology include: Cultural Anthropology Physical/Biological Anthropology Archaeology Linguistic Anthropology Anthropology and Sociology Sociology is the scientific study of society, social institutions, relationships, and patterns of behavior. Key areas in sociology include: Social Structures Social Stratification Social Change Social Interaction Sociology Defining Society Society is the collection of individuals held together by sustained interaction and enduring relationships. People in a society share some degree of common culture. Defining Culture “Culture is that complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society.” – E.B. Tylor Different Aspects of Culture Material Culture Nonmaterial Culture Different Aspects of Culture NORMS - are the standard of behavior set by society. TABOOS - are the forbidden behavior in society. Nonmaterial Culture Different Aspects of Culture Can money be considered part of culture? Theories on Culture and Society Structural Conflict Symbolic Functionalism Theories Interactionism Structural Functionalism This theory focuses on the interrelated parts of society and their important functions to achieve order and balance. Manifest Functions intended outcome of social activity Latent Functions unintended effects of social activity Conflict Theories Conflict theories believe that social order is maintained through the domination of one group over another. Critical theory, an approach associated with conflict theory, focuses on critiquing society and culture to liberate people. Karl Marx Symbolic Interactionism Symbolic interactionism – coined by Herbert Blumer. explains how people, as members of society, interact, make sense of their world, and attach meaning to it by using symbols. The interpretive approach studies the meanings that individuals create in their social interactions.  Theory View on Society View on Culture Has different parts with Functional for society’s Structural functionalism various important functions survival to maintain social order Composed of different groups with prevailing social Used by dominant groups Conflict inequalities that need to be to rule society further changed in disorderly manner Played by actors that make Communicated and Symbolic Interactionism sense of his world through interpreted by individuals symbols 24  PERSPECTIVE-AT-WORK Cemeteries as a Representation of Culture 25  Complete the Experience Let us analyze material and nonmaterial culture using sociological paradigms. 26 Complete the Experience Type of Culture Example Theory Explanation Material Culture Nonmaterial Culture 27 Stoplight STOP CONTINUE START 28 PHOTO CREDITS Slide 5: Tourism Promotions Board Philippines logo by Tourism Promotions Board via Tourism Promotions Board. Slide 6: Hands Pair Open Fingers Show Up White Gloves by Clker-Free-Vector-Images is free for commercial use under the Pixabay license via Pixabay. Slide 9: Antropologo social by Angelxoxoxo is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons. Slide 9: Social Network Diagram (segment) by Darwin Peacock is licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. Slide 11: Association Community Group Meeting People by OpenClipart Vectors is free for commercial use under the Pixabay license via Pixabay. Slide 12: Pagmamano by NCCA Official is licensed under CC BY 2.0 via Flickr. Slides 13 and 15: UNSPECIFIED - CIRCA 1865: Karl Marx (1818-1883), philosopher and German politician by Roger Viollet Collection s licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons. Slide 18: 0524jfCaloocan City Rizal La Loma Cemetery Landmarksfvf 106 by Judgefloro is in the public domain via Wikimedia Commons. 29 REFERENCES Cristobal, Jennifer. “Stories in Stone: The Cultural Legacy of Manila’s Oldest Cemeteries.” Bluprint. October 26, 2020. https://bluprint.onemega.com/stories-in-stone-the-cultural-legacy-of-manilas-oldest-cemeteries/. De Leon, Jay Israel B. “Si Ernesto Constantino at ang Wikang Filipino: Intelektuwal na Talambuhay ng isang Haligi ng Lingguwistika at Pagpaplanong Pangwika sa Pilipinas / Ernesto Constantino and the Filipino Language: Intellectual Biography of a Pillar of Linguistics and Language Planning in the Philippines.” Malay 33, no. 1 (2020). https://www.dlsu.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/pdf/research/journals/malay/tomo-33/1/1-de- leon.pdf. De Leon, Rowin Cerca. “A Qualitative Description of Filipino Junior High School Students’ National Pride.” Asia Pacific Higher Education Research Journal 7, no. 2 (2020). https://po.pnuresearchportal.org/ejournal/index.php/apherj/article/view/1662. López-Martínez, Gabriel, and Klaus Schriewer. “Challenges in the Valorization of the Funerary Heritage; Experiences in the Municipal Cemetery of Murcia (Spain).” Heritage 5, no. 1 (2022): 129–44. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage5010007. Official Gazette. ”A History of the Philippine Political Protest.” GovPH. Accessed November 5, 2022. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/edsa/the-ph-protest/. 30 REFERENCES Regidor, Anna. “Constantino Remembered.” UP Diliman Information Office. August 30, 2016. https://upd.edu.ph/constantino-remembered/. Smith, T. W. and Seokho Kim. “National Pride in Comparative Perspective: 1995/96 and 2003/04.” International Journal of Public Opinion Research 18, no. 1 (2006): 127–36. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edk007. Tourism Promotions Board Philippines. “Calendar of Philippine Festivals and Monthly Observances/Theme.” GovPH. Accessed November 5, 2022. https://www.tpb.gov.ph/?sfid=80726&_sft_event_type=calendar-of- philippine-festivals-and-monthly-observances-theme. 31