Torts Outline PDF

Torts Outline Tort Law Overview I. II. III. IV. Vicarious Liability I. A. II. III. Negligence I. II. Duty I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. Breach I. A. B. C. II. D. E. F. Causation I. A. 1. 2. 3. 4. II. B. Apportionment of Damages I. II. A. B....

Torts Outline Tort Law Overview I. II. III. IV. Vicarious Liability I. A. II. III. Negligence I. II. Duty I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. Breach I. A. B. C. II. D. E. F. Causation I. A. 1. 2. 3. 4. II. B. Apportionment of Damages I. II. A. B. Defenses I. A. II. Strict Liability I. Products Liability I. A. II. III. **TORT LAW OVERVIEW** I. II. A. 1. a. 2. b. B. 3. c. 4. d. C. 5. e. 6. f. III. D. E. 7. F. 8. g. 9. h. IV. G. V. H. I. 10. 1. 11. 12. **VICARIOUS LIABILITY** **Vicarious Liability-** an innocent party, X, May be liable for actions of Y based on their relationship +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | I. A. B. C. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ II. D. 1. a. 1. b. 2. 3. 4. a. 5. c. 6. E. F. III. G. 2. IV. H. I. J. K. V. VI. L. 3. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. M. 4. N. 5. O. 6. 7. 8. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | VII. P. 9. l. | | | | 10. m. | | | | 11. n. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ VIII. IX. Q. **NEGLIGENCE** **Negligence-** conduct (things a person does or does not do) that breaches [the standard of reasonable care] (on exam use phrase "under the theory of negligence") +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | I. 1. 2. 3. a. | | | | 4. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ A. 5. II. B. 6. 7. 8. C. III. D. E. F. IV. G. 9. **DUTY** +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Test:** One who creates, maintains, or increases a foreseeable risk | | owes a duty to all persons foreseeably injured | | | | **Exceptions:** special relationship, increase/create risk, reliance, | | volunteer info, contracts | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ I. 1. 2. a. 1. 2. A. 3. b. 3. c. 4. 4. d. 5. 5. e. 6. f. 7. 8. 6. g. 9. 10. 11. 7. h. 12. a. B. 8. C. 9. i. 13. j. 14. k. 10. l. 15. 16. 17. m. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 11. n. o. 25. 26. 27. 28. II. D. 12. p. E. 13. III. F. 14. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | A. | | | | | | | | 1. 2. 3. 4. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ G. 15. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | - | | | | | | | | - | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ H. -- -- 16. 17. I. 18. **Reasons for status** **Reasons for no status** ------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- Value in predictability of common law Reasons for entrance should n/ determine duty No reason to replace stable system Man's life or limb does not become less worthy based on status Distinguishes btw active vs, passive neg. Cannot be justified in urban society Create cases decided on facts Eliminate complex unpredictability 19. J. 20. 21. q. 22. r. 23. s. t. u. 24. v. w. IV. K. 25. x. 29. 30. 26. L. M. N. 27. 28. V. O. 29. y. 31. 32. 33. 34. z. 35. 36. b. c. i. 30. a. b. 31. c. 37. 38. 39. d. e. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. f. VI. P. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Rule:** no recovery for pure economic harm | | | | **Need:** Property damage/ personal injury + economic harm | | | | **Reasoning:** → widespread litigation | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ Q. 32. 33. 34. 35. VII. R. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Elements (same for all assumption of risk):** | | | | 1. 2. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ S. 36. d. e. 37. f. g. **BREACH** +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Test:** What a reasonable person would do under the circumstances | | (cost-justified analysis) | | | | **Exceptions:** utmost care → common carriers, children, disabled | | persons | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ I. A. B. 1. II. C. 2. a. 1. b. D. III. E. 3. c. 2. 3. a. b. i. ii. 4. c. iii. iv. d. v. vi. 4. d. 5. 6. 7. e. vii. viii. e. 8. 9. f. f. 10. 5. g. 11. 12. g. ix. x. xi. xii. h. xiii. xiv. h. 13. F. 6. i. j. 14. 15. 7. k. 16. l. m. 8. n. o. p. q. 9. r. s. t. u. v. 17. G. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Res Ipsa applies when:** | | | | 1. 2. 3. | | | | **The P has to prove 2 general elements** | | | | 1. 2. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ 10. w. x. 11. y. z. 18. 19. a. 20. +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Type of | Effect | Does D have to | What if the | | Jurisdiction | | produce | fact finder | | | | evidence? | believes it\'s | | | | | a 50/50 case? | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | **Jurisdiction | Blocks MSJ and | No. D can rest | P Loses | | 1:** inference | trial continues | | | | | | | | | \*most common | | | | | jurisdiction | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Jurisdiction | -Blocks MSJ | Yes, or D loses | P Loses | | 2:** shifts the | | | | | burden of | -D Must Produce | | | | production | evidence | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Jurisdiction | -Blocks MSJ | Yes, or D loses | D loses | | 3:** shifts the | | | | | burden of | -D must produce | | | | production nf | evidence | | | | persuasion | | | | | | -D must | | | | \*this is the | persuade the | | | | minority | jury | | | | jurisdiction | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ 12. b. c. d. IV. H. e. 13. f. 14. g. 21. 22. h. 23. i. 15. i. 16. j. 24. 25. 26. j. xv. xvi. xvii. I. 17. k. 27. 28. l. 29. 30. 31. k. m. 32. 33. l. J. 18. n. o. 34. 35. p. 36. m. n. **CAUSATION** **Causation-** the harm would not have happened without the breaching behavior - 1\. Cause in fact 2\. Proximate cause **FACTUAL CAUSATION** **\*\*whatever you use for actual causation determines how you decide damages** +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **But-For Test-** "but for" D's conduct, P would not have been harmed | | | | - - | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ I. II. A. B. 1. C. III. D. 2. a. b. c. d. E. 3. e. 1. 2. F. 4. 5. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Test: | | | | 1. 2. 3. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ 6. f. g. h. 3. i. j. k. l. G. 7. m. 8. n. 4. 5. o. 6. 7. 8. **PROXIMATE CAUSATION** +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Question:** is connection between D's conduct and P's injury too | | remote, or freakish to impose responsibility on D | | | | **Test:** Whether the D should have reasonably foreseen, as a risk of | | his/her conduct, the type of harm suffered by the P | | | | \* wants this verbatim on exam\* | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ I. A. 1. II. B. C. III. D. IV. E. 2. 3. V. APPORTIONMENT OF DAMAGES I. A. 1. a. B. C. II. D. 2. b. c. d. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Rule:** P can recover damages from any 1 D or each D is responsible for their part and can go after others for contribution ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. e. 4. f. E. 5. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Rule:** P's pay their portion of the damages and cannot collect share from other defendants ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **DEFENSES** I. A. 1. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 5. 6. 7. II. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **3 elements (same for all types)** | | | | 1. 2. 3. | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ D. 8. a. b. E. 9. c. d. 10. e. f. 1. a. 2. **STRICT LIABILITY** I. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Elements:** Category (dang. Anim./Dang. Act./Man. Def) **+** Causation (actual/proximate) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A. B. 1. a. b. 1. c. 2. 3. 2. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **§520** **6 factors in determining whether an activity is abnormally | | dangerous:** | | | | 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. | | | | **\*\*\* factors should be used on exam but NOT exhaustive** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ \\ 3. C. 4. 5. **Products Liability** +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Manufacturing | **Design Defects** | **Warning Defects** | | Defects** | | | | | Inherent flaw in | Foreseeable risks of | | Product line is fine | design, all products | harm could have been | | but one product is | therefore defective | reduced or avoided by | | off | | provision of | | | | reasonable | | | | instructions or | | | | warnings | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | **Strict Liability** | **2nd/3rd | **2nd/3rd | | | restatement** (not SL | restatement** (not SL | | | - actually just a | - actually just a | | | negligence standard) | negligence standard) | | | | | | | Foreseeable risk + | Foreseeable risk + | | | reasonable alt. | reasonable alt. | | | design/warning | design/warning | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Negligence** | **Negligence** | **Negligence** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ I. A. B. C. 1. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 1. 2. 3. | | | | - - | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2. a. 1. a. i. ii. a. iii. b. iv. v. vi. vii. b. viii. b. 2. 3. c. ix. d. 4. e. x. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. f. D. 3. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 1. 2. 3. | | | | - | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ II. E. 4. F. 5. G. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. III. H. I. 11. c. d. J. K. 12. 13. e.