Development and Inheritance PDF

Here is the converted text from the image into a structured markdown format: # Development and Inheritance ## Introduction - **Developmental biology** is the study of the sequence of events from the fertilization of a secondary oocyte by a sperm cell to the formation of an adult organism. - **...

Here is the converted text from the image into a structured markdown format: # Development and Inheritance ## Introduction - **Developmental biology** is the study of the sequence of events from the fertilization of a secondary oocyte by a sperm cell to the formation of an adult organism. - **Embryonic period**- fertilization through the 8th week of development. - **Fetal period** - week 9 until birth. - **Neonatal period**- first 28 days after birth. ## Development and Inheritance - Overview - Embryonic Period - Fetal Period - Teratogens - Prenatal Diagnostic Tests - Maternal Changes During Pregnancy - Exercise and Pregnancy - Labor - Adjustments Of The Infant At Birth - The Physiology Of Lactation - Inheritance - Medical Terminology ## Embryonic Period ### 1st week - Fertilization - Fertilization usually occurs in the uterine tubes. - Sperm that reach the vicinity of the oocyte soon after ejaculation are unable to fertilize it until about 7 hours later. - During this time in the female reproductive tract, sperm undergo **capacitation**, a series of changes that cause their tails to beat more vigorously and prepare their plasma membranes to fuse with that of the 2º oocyte - Only capacitated sperm are capable of responding to the chemical factors produced by the surrounding cells of the ovulated oocyte. - One capacitated sperm must penetrate the corona radiata (granulosa cells left over from the mature follicle) and the zona pellucida. - (a clear glycoprotein layer between the corona radiata and oocyte plasma membrane) - Acrosomal enzymes and strong movements help with penetration *Image of Sperm cell penetrating secondary ooctye*