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Technology in Action Alan Evans • Kendall Martin Mary Anne Poatsy Twelfth Edition Global Edition Technology in Action Chapter 6 Understanding and Assessing Hardware: Evaluating Your System Evaluating Key Subsystems • Your Ideal Computing Device • Evaluating the CPU Subsystem • Evaluating the Mem...
Technology in Action Alan Evans • Kendall Martin Mary Anne Poatsy Twelfth Edition Global Edition Technology in Action Chapter 6 Understanding and Assessing Hardware: Evaluating Your System Evaluating Key Subsystems • Your Ideal Computing Device • Evaluating the CPU Subsystem • Evaluating the Memory Subsystem • Evaluating the Storage Subsystem Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-3 Your Ideal Computing Device Objective 1. What kind of computing device is best for me? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-4 Evaluating the CPU Subsystem Objective 2. What does the CPU do, and how can I evaluate its performance? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-5 Evaluating the Memory Subsystem • Objectives 3. How does memory work in my computer? 4. How do I evaluate how much memory I need? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-6 Evaluating the Storage Subsystem • Objectives 5. What are the computer’s storage devices? 6. How do I evaluate my storage devices? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-7 Your Ideal Computer • New technologies emerge quickly • Things to consider Speed Moore’s Law (CPU speeds doubles every 2 years) System components Hard drive storage capacity Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-8 Your Ideal Computer • Huge number of choices Tablets (iPad or Galaxy) Ultrabooks (MacBook Air) Netbooks (Chromebook) Tablet PCs • Touch screen & full keyboard Laptops (or notebook) Desktops • Mobility versus processing power (main distinction) Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-9 Evaluating the CPU Subsystem CPU Located on motherboard Processes instructions Performs calculations Manages flow of information Intel i5 and i7 processors Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-10 Evaluating the CPU Subsystem How the CPU Works Composed of two units Control unit • Controls activities of all computer components Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) • Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division • Machine cycle (the steps CPU goes through) Fetch (finds the required data or instructions from RAM) Decode (translates instructions to computer language) Execute (performs the instructions) Store (stores the results to RAM before fetching next instruction) Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-11 Evaluating the CPU Subsystem CPU Factors • CPU’s processing power determined by: Clock speed • How many instructions executed / second Overclocking • Running CPU above recommended speed (example: gaming) Cores Cache memory • Type of RAM but faster than RAM • 3 Levels defined by distance to CPU • Multiple cores (Intel i7 has 6 cores) • Hyperthreading Uses one core to execute two instructions at the same time Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-12 Evaluating the CPU Subsystem Measuring the CPU Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-13 Evaluating the CPU Subsystem Measuring the CPU Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-14 Evaluating the Memory Subsystem • Random access memory (RAM) Short-term memory storage Volatile storage • Read-only memory (ROM) Start-up instructions stored here Permanent nonvolatile storage It is about one million time faster for the CPU to retrieve a piece of data from RAM than from a mechanical hard desk Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-15 Evaluating the Memory Subsystem Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-16 Evaluating the Memory Subsystem The RAM in Your System • Types of RAM: Double data rate 3 (DDR3) • 1066 MHz, 1333 MHz, 1600 MHz Double data rate 5 (DDR5) • Found in high performance video graphic cards • Memory modules Dual inline memory modules (DIMMs) See Figure 6.12 page 262 to determine how much RAM you need Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-17 Evaluating the Storage Subsystem Mechanical Hard Drives • Coated platters stacked on a spindle • Data saved as pattern of magnetized spots of 1s and 0s • Patterns of spots are translated into data Access arms Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-18 Evaluating the Storage Subsystem Solid-State Drives SSDs     Has no mechanical parts 100 faster than mechanical HD Run with no noise Generate little heat Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Require little power  Great option for ultrabooks  Up to 2 TB but very expensive 6-19 Evaluating the Storage Subsystem Optical Drives • Tiny pits burned into the disc by high-speed laser • Blu-ray: Fastest optical device Delivers high definition quality Used by large displays and monitors Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-20 Evaluating the Storage Subsystem Your Storage Capacity and Needs Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-21 Evaluating the Storage Subsystem Your Storage Capacity and Needs • RAID Technology Redundant Array of Independent Desks Used in 2 Hard Drives RAID 0: Provides Speed RAID 1: Provides Security What might be the problem with RAID 0? What might be the problem with RAID 1? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-22 Evaluating Other Subsystems and Making a Decision • Evaluating the Video and Audio Subsystems • Evaluating System Reliability and Making a Final Decision Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-23 Evaluating the Video and Audio Subsystems Objectives 7. What components affect the quality of video on my computer? 8. How do I know if I need better video performance? 9. What components affect my computer’s sound quality? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-24 Evaluating System Reliability and Making a Final Decision Objective 10.How can I improve the reliability of my system? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-25 Evaluating the Video Subsystem Video Cards • Video display depends on two components Video card Monitor • Ports DVI (for LCD monitors) HDMI (for high definition TV, Blu-ray players, or gaming consoles) DisplayPort adapter (for digital monitors & projectors) Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-26 Evaluating the Video Subsystem Video Cards • Video Memory Video systems include their own RAM GDDR3 & GDDR 5 • Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-27 Evaluating the Audio Subsystem • Speakers and a sound card • 3-D sound technology (can’t tell direction of the sound) • Surround sound (sounds coming from all directions) • Dolby Digital 7.1 Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-28 Evaluating System Reliability • Performance problems • Proper upkeep and maintenance Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-29 Making a Final Decision Getting Rid of Your Old Computer • Benefits of maintaining two systems • Environmental impact Mercury Cadmium • Donate • Remove all data before donating Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-30 Check Your Understanding 1. What kind of computer is best for me? 2. What does the CPU do, and how can I evaluate its performance? 3. How does memory work in my computer? 4. How do I evaluate how much memory I need? 5. What are the computer's storage devices? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-31 Check Your Understanding 6. How do I evaluate my storage devices? 7. What components affect the quality of video on my computer? 8. How do I know if I need better video performance? 9. What components affect my computer’s sound quality? 10. How can I improve the reliability of my system? Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd. 6-32 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.
