Theology 4 Reviewer PDF

Week 1: Religious Education is a significant avenue for evangelization. Religious Education is an integral dimension of the Church’s evangelizing mission. - It aims to make men’s faith become living, conscious and active through the light of instruction. Dimensions of Religious Education Type...

Week 1: Religious Education is a significant avenue for evangelization. Religious Education is an integral dimension of the Church’s evangelizing mission. - It aims to make men’s faith become living, conscious and active through the light of instruction. Dimensions of Religious Education Type Meaning Example INFORMATION (Faith as - It involves basic - Reading the scriptures. Believing) information about the Ten commandments. Christian/Catholic faith - Isipin niyo kapag in formation nagbabasa kayo. FORMATION (Faith as Trusting) - It is the level of affect, or - Prayer and values emotion, or value. Aspect integration of faith naman ang - Ms. Paz encourages her nabuibuild natin dito. friends to attend liturgical masses. She believes that attending different church activities can strengthen our faith and our interaction with God. TRANSFORMATION (Faith as - It is the level of personal - KKP, SLP, Acts of Charity. Doing) commitment to Jesus that - Basta involvement yun ang leads to conversion. isipin niyo. Common sense Aspect of life naman, lang gapa. nagkakaroon na tayo ng - Chad loves the Theology action kaya nga doing subject and consistently diba??? participates in the theology quiz bee. He made sure that he learned concepts about Theology every day to win the quiz bee. - Mr. Rivera, a Catholic educator conducted a relief operation for the Victims of Typhoon Yolanda. - Every vacant time, Mr. Yu reads his Bible as his practice and applied all the teachings in real life because he believes in learning by doing. Note: This method was implemented by Ian Knox, this method helps us to realize the importance of reading, building and applying the things you’ve learn in real life scenario. The CICM Religious Education Pedagogy - The efficacy of every method of Catechesis is based on its intelligent use by the catechist and on the total human environment of the Catechesis. - A renewed Catechesis should be Christo-centric and rooted in the Word of God. See-Discern-Act Method Type Meaning Example SEEING - the analysis and - Reading books.  assessment of one’s - In courting you need to contextual experiences know the person first. and beliefs as a Christian. DISCERNING - the mutual dialogue of - Nagkakaroon na ng faith experiences and judgement. teachings of the Church founded on Scriptures and Tradition. ACTING - the renewal and - After judgement, you need transformation in living out to take action to solve or the Christian faith. provide ways in a certaion scenario. - The CICM Religious Education Pedagogy is inspired by Cardinal Joseph Cardijn, who popularized the “See-Discern-Act” method. The following are the meaning and examples of these methods. a. Similar with the dimension of information of Ian Knox b. Communication with the Lord is an example of this, as is the dimension of formation, which likewise uses the affective domain to deepen one's faith in God. c. It is also related to metanoia, which pertains to repentance and a change of heart resulting in spiritual conversion. This strategy motivates us to implement our knowledge and beliefs in our daily lives, particularly in assisting others and contributing to the advancement of society. Note: Same lang yan kay Ian Knox kaya wag malito sa example. SIX (6) CICM SCHOOLS IN THE PHILIPPINES Note: Basta isipin niyo lang yung background ng schools. Magbasa rin ng book wag iiwan sa room. Immoral po ang pagiwan ng book sa room. Hayysstttt. Christian Formation Type Meaning Example Prayer and Liturgy - Prayer is the awareness - Mass, through this we of the presence of God in commemorate the life, our life death and commemoration - Liturgy is the Christian's of Jesus. (Catholic's) official public worship centered on the Eucharist and the other sacraments Religious Education - in CICM schools is geared - To proclaim the good news toward the integral of the salvation is the goal Christian formation of the that is why there is youth to become evangelization. responsible members of the Church and Society. - aims to strengthen their Christian faith and encourage them to live their life in accordance to the will of God. Social Involvement - Christian formation tells us - Programs. Basta lahat that it is an integral part of nung organization na our life to be actively pwedeng makatulong sa involved in finding komunidad. solutions to the problems - King and his friends of our society decided to create an organization for youth  experiencing struggles in their school needs. The project is called Kaibigang Kabataan para sa Bayan, which will provide school materials to the students. Vocation- Mission Animation - Christian vocation is a - Yan yung calling mo or response to the call of sign sa buhay. God to each baptized - Jack advocates mental person to live as a faithful health awareness because disciple of Jesus Christ. she believes that everyone is fighting a battle and has a story. Hence, she makes sure that she can guide and assist individuals through her program. In this way, it is her calling to care for health. CICM RP Province continues to respond to the Mission entrusted by Jesus to the Church. Missionary projects/priorities during its 2011 provincial assembly: 1. Indigenous People (IP). is to ensure that the IPs will have a venue for self-development and sustainability. 2. School Apostolate/Campus Ministry. The Congregation believes that school apostolate is a way of doing apostolate to young people in need of guidance, supervision and formation. 3. Poor Parishes, while giving special attention to BEC. Needs in remote areas 4. Special Concerns: Justice, Peace and Integrity of Creation (JPIC). JPIC is an integral part of the CICM thrust to respond to the call of God in serving the world. WEEK 2: Action is good, but the intention is bad is a morally bad. Bad Action is bad, but the Morality- forefront of the intention is good is a development of the faith of morally bad. a Christian. We moralize human action. We judge human action. Good Both action and intention must be good. OBJECT OF MORALITY Type Definition Example Descriptive Morality - It refers to the study of - Legalization of Marijuana people’s beliefs about in Canada. morality and to an existing - Same sex marriage in  code of conduct put Thailand. forward by a certain - Isipin niyo specific yan. society. Kapag ang rules ay certain area lang therefore descriptive yan. Gaya nung No going out policy para lang sa BES yan. Normative Morality - This adapts the concept - Divine Law (Ten of universalism, such as Commandments). Thou the existence of code of shall not steal. conduct that governs all - The dignity and worth of rational persons, under human life are a universal plausible specified concept freely embraced conditions. by all individuals regardless of their profile (religion, ethnicity, gender and others). 1. Wrong - MORALITY IS A MATTER OF OPINION - Everyone is entitled to what a person thinks and upholds as good or bad. (MORALITY IS NOT A MATTER OF OPINION) Example: Watching pornographic movies. (Self-focused opinion) Example: A person has a standard of living up to because of the rules and moral standards; when they are not met, they feel bad about themselves. 2. Wrong - ALL OPINIONS ABOUT MORALITY ARE EQUAL AND CORRECT - Since everyone is entitled to one’s opinion; it is also upheld that one’s moral belief is equal. (ALL OPINIONS ABOUT MORALITY ARE NOT EQUAL AND CORRECT)- You are arguing with others. Example: One views one behavior as appropriate because it brings them pleasure or delight while viewing another as inappropriate because it causes distress or inconvenience. 3. Wrong – MORALITY IS OUTSIDE THE WORLD OF “PRACTICAL PEOPLE”- Laws or norms of morality are of no importance since they do not enhance one’s material progress; hence morality produces inconvenience. Example: Abortion (MORALITY SHOULD BE APPLICABLE TO “PRACTICAL PEOPLE.”) Example: Throughout his cousin's birthday celebration, James kept on eating, and he also decided to stop by Mcdo to pick up more food. As long as he's pleased with what he is doing, he no longer considers his health. 4. Wrong - MORALITY DEVELOPS GUILT AND MORAL OBLIGATION WHICH MAKE A PERSON’S LIFE UNHAPPY. - The existence of guidelines or the norms of morality puts a standard which an individual has to live up to, and when one fails, he/she feels bad about himself/herself. Example: A student was caught cheating and is consequently sanctioned. (MORALITY DEVELOPS GUILT AND MORAL OBLIGATION BUT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS A LESSON.) Example: Xy failed her major subject, and he eventually got dissatisfied, which led him to decide not to continue his studies. 5. Wrong - MORALITY IS CENTERED ONLY ON THE ACT ITSELF SETTING ASIDE THE CIRCUMSTANCE AND INTENTION BEHIND THE ACTION. The action is judged according to how it appears regardless of other factors related to the commission of the action. The motive or circumstance behind the action is discounted resulting in a wrong moral judgement. (MORALITY IS CENTERED BOTH ON THE ACTION AND INTENTION BEHIND THE ACTION.) Example: Ms. Salisipan reprimanded and humiliated his student, who often got late to class without knowing the whole story of the student's behavior and situation. WEEK 3 and 4 MORALITY requires the determination of the specific nature of action. MORAL RESPONSIBILITY is to act according to your moral obligations. Related in the concept of circumstance (Increasing moral responsibility or diminishing moral responsibility). HUMAN ACTS are actions that are proper to humans; thus, willful consent and knowledge must be present. - Ex: Eating healthy food. Preparing for an examination. Saying no to drugs, A woman decided to drink alcohol with friends all night. ACTS OF MAN are actions that are not reflective of the person as a rational being. Natural process or innate reaction. - Ex: Breathing, Digestion, Circulation of air in the body, an infant expresses his joy when his mother came home. Determinants: Knowledge/ Use of Intellect, Presence of Free Will and Conscious Process/ Voluntariness (Laging isipin na kapag meron ito, HUMAN ACTS na, Common sense lang mga bessy). Note the absence of one or two is still human acts. CONSTITUENTS OF HUMAN ACTS 1. Human acts must be known and deliberate. 2. Acts must be free. 3. Human acts are voluntary. Human actions are qualified as good, bad or indifferent. a. Good- it agrees with the dictates of right reason. (both POSITIVE) b. Bad- it disagrees with the dictates of right reason. c. Indifferent- it stands no relation to the dictates of right reason. (Walking lang) Walang intention or purpose. ELEMENTS IN DETERMINING THE MORALITY OF HUMAN ACTS Object/Act is the human action itself. (What) - Ex: Helping a blind person cross the street, Listening to your teacher, Gossiping with friends, Stealing and telling a lie Circumstance refers to the persons involved, the time, the place, and occasion. (Who, Where, When and How) - Examples: The guard on duty goes to sleep. Student lies to her teacher when she cheats. Intention/purpose refers to the reason behind every human act. - Ex: Walking, Talking, Reading - The intention/purpose can modify actions in four ways: a. An indifferent act may become morally good or bad. Example: Wade regularly donates blood at blood drives organized by the Red Cross. His commitment to contributing inspires others in his community to do the same, increasing blood donations and potentially saving more lives. b. An objectively good act may become morally bad. Example: Benedict offers to take care of all the responsibilities for a research project to alleviate stress for everyone else. However, in doing so, he takes credit and excludes his classmates from the decision-making process. c. An objectively good act may receive more goodness. d. An objectively bad act can never become good in spite of the good intention. Example: Isipin niyo si Robinhood. Ignorance pertains to the lack of pertinent information, as to the nature, circumstances, and effect of a certain action. 2 CLASSIFICATIONS OF IGNORANCE  a. Invincible Ignorance- There is invincible ignorance when individual lacks pertinent information as to moral quality of the action of the person since it fails to realize state of ignorance. - Example: Person who is illiterate. – Not culpable b. Vincible Ignorance- It occurs when the lack of required knowledge to determine the goodness or badness of a certain action, can be dispelled or learned through ordinary efforts, conscientiousness and proper diligence. - Example: Violation of school policy. 2 FORMS OF VINCIBLE IGNORANCE 1. Affected ignorance- is the willful deliberation of an individual to assert and pretend ignorance in order to plead innocence to a charge of guilt in the commission and/ omission of an act. (Basta isipin mo nagpretend, kung nagpretend si Love or Babe mo meaning culpabale siya, emmmeeee.) Example: Students who pretends not to know school policy. A student who pretends not to know the school’s policy on proper dress code to excuse him/her when confronted by the teachers. 2. Supine ignorance or crass ignorance- happens when a person exerts little effort to know something. Example: Giving a wrong medicine to a sick person may result to the sickness of the person getting worse. CONCUPISCENCE- Results from giving in to inordinate passion that hinders one to exercise correct reasoning. Ito yung excessive desire natin. - Example: Juan had succumbed to sexual gratification. 2 FORMS OF CONCUPISCENCE a. Antecedent Concupiscence- a spontaneous inordinate passion influences an action before it has been controlled by the will. Example: Jade was already running late for his 7:30 am work because an accident caused heavy traffic while he was on his way. When he entered his workplace, the boss talk to him on why he was late. Out of his anger, he unknowingly cursed the boss. b. Consequent Concupiscence- present when the intellect is aware of the hidden inordinate passion and the will chooses to arouse the said passion. Example: Pedro is obese. Uso rin wag kakain kapag alam mo ng mataba ka na. Basahin niyo explanation sa book, uso magbuklat. Example: Vincenzo is a wealthy businessman and the Mayor of Allacapan City. To satisfy himself more, he got the land owned by farmers in his municipality by forcing and threatening them to sell their land areas to him. FEAR- impairs the performance of a human act since the individual is threatened by the impending dangers. 2 types of Fear: 1. Light Fear- (isipin mo nalang na yung light eh dinagdag mo si S sa una so nagging slight lang yung fear pero dahil slight yung fear culpable ka parin. Example: Ito yung kaya mo naman magescape pero sumuko ka agad, nagpaubaya ka agad, hindi ka lumaban agad). May option ka pa sa isang situation. 2. Grave fear- (Isipin mo yung word na Grabe, oh diba magkalapit lang meaning grave yung nangyari) No room to escape therefore nagself-defense ka na. Option mo is to save your life. VIOLENCE- victim ang iconsider natin if culpable or not hindi si inflictor. This is the action of physical force upon a resisting person to compel towards the commission or omission of an act againts free will and reason. Example: Self-defense. a. Perfect – exerted efforts to defend yourself. Example: Narape ako then tinulak ko yung nangrape sakin then tumakas na ako. So you are not culpable. Note to escape. b. Imperfect- exerted efforts to defend yourself and made another action. Example: Narape ako then tinulak ko yung nangrape sakin then sinaksak ko pa ito kaya culpable ka na. HABIT- is the development of firm and stable behavior pattern of acting. Good moral habits are called virtues while bad habits are vices. REVIEW NA KAYO! STUDY AND PRAY. ALWAYS REMEMBER THAT GOD IS WITH US! - Xyxy