Shakespeare to 19th Century Theatre PDF
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Uploaded by AgileGraph
Clemson University
2023
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Summary
These notes provide an overview of theatre history from Shakespeare to the 19th century. They cover different movements including Romanticism, Realism, and Naturalism, along with prominent figures like Ira Aldridge, Edwin Booth, and Sarah Bernhardt. The key differences between theatrical movements are emphasized.
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Shakespeare to 19 th Century Theatre Romanticism, Realism & Naturalism Shakespeare appreciation of his works reemerged in 19th century translated into other languages actors known for their Shakespearean roles theatre companies dedicated to producing Shakespeare ...
Shakespeare to 19 th Century Theatre Romanticism, Realism & Naturalism Shakespeare appreciation of his works reemerged in 19th century translated into other languages actors known for their Shakespearean roles theatre companies dedicated to producing Shakespeare Shakespearean Actors Ira Aldridge Edwin Booth Sarah Bernhardt Ira Aldridge 1st African American actor to have international acclaim as an actor Studied acting in New York w/ the African Grove Theatre Left America to pursue professional acting Known as one of the greatest Shakespearean actors of all time Edwin Booth Raised in an acting family Known for his Hamlet role Noted as a great Shakespearean actor Acting style described as “subdued, sensitive, & moody” Sarah Bernhardt Greatest French actor in the 19th century Shakespearean roles Successfully toured America "touch of hysteria, perhaps even danger, in her willingness to expose her emotions, to impose them on her audience." Neoclassicism in Theatre mid-1700s-mid to 1800s influenced by Greek & Roman theatre 5 Principles Verisimilitude (Truth) Decorum No Mixing of Styles Unities (Time, Action, Place) 5 Acts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXRpTLvPdT0 Romanticism in Theatre Late 18th Century-Early 19th Century rebuffs the precepts of order, calm, balance glorifies the variety over standardization emphasizes emotion over logic exaggerated, sensational, overemotional Grand Operas 19th Century Drama set entirely to music large casts & orchestras Elaborate sets & costumes Based on historical events https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=QxQ- wubYPsw Technology & Industrial Revolution Influenced theatre Steam engine Brought theatre to more places Factories People centralized in one location Needed entertainment Melodrama Early 19th century Most popular form of theatre Spectacle Poetic justice Servants comic relief Clear distinction between good & evil Virtuous protagonist vs great villain Suspense until last moment Villain is punished Music underscores Mood Emotional response https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YVgEddtacA (00:00-3:00) Spectacle All important events onstage Elaborate staged scenes Train tracks Water tanks Animals Exotic locations Volcanic eruptions By Scene from Daly's Under the Gaslight (1868), CC BY-SA 3.0, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44704319 Music Music underscores Mood Emotional response https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVQFiZSxTJE (13:39- Popularity of Melodramas Virtue over greed Entertainment for all classes Reinforced morality Gave hope to the lower classes spectacle Realism & Naturalism The Beginning of Modern Theatre Factors Charles Darwin (The Origin of Species) Heredity & environment influence people Cannot stop progress Humanity part of nature Contradict bible Environment Shapes Character Realism Naturalism Representation of people as Extreme realism they are in life Working class characters with Scientific approach respect Affected by heredity & “slice of life” environment heredity environment Scientific Outlook need to understand human behavior playwrights are objective write about society contemporary subjects taboo subjects Henrik Ibsen Father of Realism Founder of Modern Drama Plays did not adhere to accepted values (A Doll’s House) caused riots and controversy strong female characters plays: A Doll’s House Ghosts Hedda Gabler Ibsen Plays A Doll’s House https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lleHC2zeLDQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kOuFocD10hU Anton Chekhov writer/doctor tragic themes used humor throughout his plays plays: The Seagull Cherry Orchard Uncle Vanya The Three Sisters Chekhov The Work of Young Chekhov: An Introduction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHUkM4DMh6Y Chekhov: The Seagull https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsWX1FjCt_o August Strinberg Sweden’s greatest dramatist writer, schoolmaster, policy writer views on women now outdated and narrow-minded play: Miss Julie Strinberg Miss Julie Naturalism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCA7ZK2gnb0 htthttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCA7ZK2gnb0ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HOckfmCn38g
