The Umayyad Caliphate PDF

The Ummayyad Califate AYA M A S A R WA & M A I S A B D A L H A I Why do we choose to talk about the Ummayyad Caliphate?  The civilization of the Arab Muslims introduced the barbaric European nations into the world of humanity. The Arabs were our teachers. The universities of the We...

The Ummayyad Califate AYA M A S A R WA & M A I S A B D A L H A I Why do we choose to talk about the Ummayyad Caliphate?  The civilization of the Arab Muslims introduced the barbaric European nations into the world of humanity. The Arabs were our teachers. The universities of the West did not know any scientific resource other than the writings of the Arabs. They are the ones who civilized Europe in terms of material, mind, and morals. History does not know of a nation that produced what they produced. The French physician and historian Gustave Le Bon (Umayyad Andalusia)  1 3 It was the second caliphate The capital city of the first established after the death ummayyed empire of the prophet Muhammad. was Damascus 2 4 It was started by Muawiyah The ummayyed caliphate bin Abi Sufyan -The writer of lasted about 370 years the revelation- and continued with his dynasty.  Umayyad Caliphate The first The second period period It lasted 70 years The capital It lasted The capital cities are 280 years city is Cordoba and Damascus Zahraa  The system and the regime in the Umayyad Caliphate: Provinces Coinage Geographically, the empire was Byzantine coinage was used divided into several provinces. until the Umayyad government Each province had a governor began to mint its own coins in appointed by the caliph. Damascus These were the first coins minted by a Muslim government in history. Military The Umayyad army was mainly Arab  Architecture The new religion and customs of the Arab rulers leads to a different usage of space. The Dome of the Rock Mosque in Umayyad Mosque in Jerusalem, built by the Umayyad Caliph Damascus, built by Umayyad Cordoba Palace Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan Caliph Alwalid bin Abd al-Malik  The Art of the Umayyad Period Umayyad period is often considered the formative period in Islamic art. through a process of adoption, adaptation, and creation, a new sense of artistic expression emerged that became distinctly Islamic. Vessels Woven Tapestry Fragments Slabs Vessels Slabs Woven Tapestry Fragments  Excerpts from the biographies of Some Umayyad caliphs  The first Umayyad The Umayyad Calephate fell and the Caliphate was Fall of the beginning of the second established period Umayyad state 746 622 662 760 Abo muslim’s 1031 revolution started The last caliph was removed from position and imprisoned  The Umayyads continued the Muslim conquests, conquering Africa, Transoxiana, Sind, the Maghreb and China al-Andalus. At its greatest extent the Umayyad Cordoba Asia Caliphate covered 11,100,000 km2, Damascus making it one of the largest empires in history in terms of area. Africa After they was toppled by the Abbasids. Survivors established themselves in Cordoba, which became a world centre of science, medicine, philosophy and invention during the Islamic Golden Age.  There was no country in Islam more noble than it... And with its destruction, Andalusia was destroyed until now, and the splendor of the world was lost with its disappearance. ]Ibn Hazm[ THE END