OCR Neurons (Part 2) PDF
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Summary
This document provides detail on the different parts of a Neuron, and describes their function. It contains illustrations of the neuron's structure and describes important details about different components, such as the dendrite, cell body, the axon, myelin, nodes of Ranvier and Schwann cells.
Full Transcript
ACTIVITY 3: THE NEURON; A FUNCTIONAL UNIT 3. Structure of the multipolar neuron Dendrites These are branch-like structures that receive messages from other neurons and allow the transmission of messages to the cell body. Cell Body (soma) Each neuron has a cell body with a nucleus (containing th...
ACTIVITY 3: THE NEURON; A FUNCTIONAL UNIT 3. Structure of the multipolar neuron Dendrites These are branch-like structures that receive messages from other neurons and allow the transmission of messages to the cell body. Cell Body (soma) Each neuron has a cell body with a nucleus (containing the DNA) and cytoplasmic components. Axon Axon is a tube-like structure that carries electrical impulse from the cell body to the axon terminals that pass the impulse to another neuron. Myelin Is an insulating layer that forms around nerves, it is made up of protein and fatty substances. This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells. Node of Ranvier Nodes of Ranvier are microscopic gaps found within myelinated axons. Their function is to speed up propagation of impulses along the axon. Schwann cells Cells that surround neurons, keeping them alive. They play essential roles in the development, maintenance, function, and regeneration of peripheral nerves.
