THE KEY COMPONENTS OF CYBERSECURITY MONITORING lecture2.pdf

THE KEY COMPONENTS OF CYBERSECURITY MONITORING Network Security Network security monitors inbound and outbound traffic on all ports and protocols for anomalies and signs of potential cybercriminals. Tools like intrusion detection systems can analyze traffic patterns to identify...

THE KEY COMPONENTS OF CYBERSECURITY MONITORING Network Security Network security monitors inbound and outbound traffic on all ports and protocols for anomalies and signs of potential cybercriminals. Tools like intrusion detection systems can analyze traffic patterns to identify brute force attacks, data exfiltration, and other network- based threats. Application Security Application security monitoring focuses on securing apps, APIs, and web services by tracking authentication failures, input validation errors, account takeover attempts, and other application logs. Web application firewalls and runtime application self-protection tools can detect and block targeted attacks. Information Security Information security safeguard confidential data. Monitoring tools like data loss prevention software detect potential data exfiltration by scanning content crossing the network perimeter. Tracking privileged user access and unusual queries could indicate malicious insider threats. Operational Security Operational security monitors system logs, user activities, configurations and settings to detect threats with security information and event management (SIEM) solutions. They aggregate and analyze logs to uncover signs of compromise like malicious file executions or persistence mechanisms. End-User Education Educating end users on cybersecurity best practices is key. This includes training on secure passwords, email security, social engineering red flags, and reporting potential incidents. Monitoring simulations like phishing tests gauge user awareness.  THE PROCESS OF CYBERSECURITY MONITORING Monitoring Network Traffic Network monitoring examines traffic for protocol anomalies, malicious payloads, and connections to known bad domains/IP addresses. Tools like network-based intrusion detection systems tap into traffic flows across the environment. Identification of Anomalies and Patterns Monitoring aims to identify anomalies that deviate from normal behavior baselines. Analyzing security event logs, network traffic, system processes and user activities enables detecting attack patterns and indicators of compromise. Detection of Cybersecurity Threats Continuously monitoring network traffic, system and user behavior enables timely threat detection before incidents occur. AI and machine learning detection methods identify new attack techniques and evolving threats. Response and Reporting Detected threats are investigated, contained and remediated via the incident response process. Monitoring systems generate alerts and reports to notify security teams for triaging and tracking response activities. THE ROLE OF TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN CYBERSECURITY MONITORING Cybersecurity monitoring relies on various tools and technologies to detect threats and protect systems and data. Some key tools and technologies used for monitoring include: The Use of Firewalls Firewalls monitor incoming and outgoing network traffic and block threats based on predefined security rules. They provide a barrier between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks, like the internet. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) IDS continuously monitor network activity and systems for malicious activity or policy violations. They use signatures to recognize attacks and anomalies in system behavior. Event Correlation Tools Event correlation tools aggregate and analyze event data from multiple sources to identify patterns indicative of an attack. This helps connect seemingly minor events to reveal broader malicious activity. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Monitoring AI and machine learning techniques enable continuous monitoring and analysis of large volumes of data from various sources to detect anomalies, early threats, and new attack patterns. CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN CYBERSECURITY MONITORING The Ever-Evolving Nature of Cyber-threats As attackers develop new techniques, monitoring systems need constant updating to det8ect emerging threats. Integrating AI that automatically adapts to new attack patterns provides more resilience. Insider Threats and How to Handle Them Monitoring authorized users is challenging without excessively invading privacy. Focus on monitoring access to sensitive data and privileged user activity. Employee education also helps mitigate insider threats. Handling False Positives and Negatives Improperly calibrated monitoring systems trigger false alerts or miss real threats. Fine- tuning detection rules and machine learning models helps minimize incidents of false positives and negatives. The Future of Cybersecurity Monitoring Ongoing advances in AI and machine learning will enable more automated and predictive monitoring capabilities. There is also a shift towards consolidated monitoring platforms with integrated modules and dashboard views. Application in Healthcare Institutions Healthcare organizations require continuous observation to secure sensitive patient records and medical devices from compromise. Integrated monitoring systems track access and changes to patient data to detect misuse. Cybersecurity Monitoring in the Tech Industry Technology companies conducting extensive R&D require heavy surveillance to protect intellectual property and proprietary code. Stringent access controls, activity monitoring, and data loss prevention are crucial in this industry.