The GI System 1-3 (2024) PDF

The Stomach WEEK 15 J-shaped sac-like chamber The most distensible part of GI tract , Main functions 밤에 음식무면 √ Stores ingested food rod stored in stomach...

The Stomach WEEK 15 J-shaped sac-like chamber The most distensible part of GI tract , Main functions 밤에 음식무면 √ Stores ingested food rod stored in stomach - s A Secretes∞gastric juice (acid, mucus & intrinsic factor, I digestive enzymes - pepsin, lipase) Compirentsofanitialdgestan , Eontain Mixes food with gastric juice Pulverizesd initiates digestion of proteins & fat kills bacteria partiallydigested Moves food (chyme) at controlled & steady rate into the duodenum (소장의 종류) Slide 33 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System  The Stomach WEEK 15 Aimn t [소장) ∞ Slide 34 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Gastric Mucosal Folds, Gastric Pits & Gastric Glands Tnner inig Mucosa :. σ Colls seerety θ Slide 35 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Structure of Gastric Gland p acid e searete gastric A → manufactre, seerctug inactas Slide 36 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 HO Slide 37 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Gastric Glands Important Gastric Secretory Products Product Source Functions Hydrochloric acid ( HC1 ) Parietal cell Hydrolysis; sterilization of meal Intrinsic factor Parietal cell Vitamin B12 absorption Pepsinogen Chief cell Protein digestion Mucus, bicarbonate Surface mucous cells Gastroprotection Trefoil factors Surface mucous cells Gastroprotection Histamine ECL cells Regulation of gastric secretion Gastrin G cells Regulation of gastric secretion Gastrin releasing Nerves Regulation of gastric secretion peptide (GRP) Acetylcholine (ACh) Nerves Regulation of gastric secretion Somatostatin D cells Regulation of gastric secretion Slide 38 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Pepsinogen Activation in The stomach 'proten 문하 , dolyscs. ∞ D Instiatire. Slide 39 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Mechanism of Gastric HCl Secretion Q ⑦ 1 오 ? Slide 40 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System  Parietal Cell – Receptor Activation WEEK 15 of the Proton Pump Slide 41 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Parietal Cell – Receptor Activation of Proton Pump Slide 42 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Parietal Cell Receptor Activation of Proton Pump gastrintreeeptor , Dactioate proton pump. $ ft in kt out. ⑥ Ha Slide 43 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System  Control of Gastric Secretion WEEK 15 The 3 Phases of Gastric Secretion Cephalic (“head”) phase Triggered by factors arising before food enters the stomach – thought, smell, sight * * or taste of food * Gastric phase ∅ * ↑ * Triggered by factors resulting from the presence of food in potenI A the stomach - stamalatygostophose seacten) ( Intestinal Phase Triggered by factors resulting from movement of food from stomach into duodenum → 십이지장 Slide 44 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System  Control of Gastric Secretion WEEK 15 Excitatory Cephalic & Gastric Phases ∅ 뇌에서 인식하는 단계 ~ Encrease → ⑦ ~ : _ Slide 45 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System  Control of Gastric Secretion WEEK 15 Inhibitory Intestinal Phase L ∞s 병후 공간 d parletal. ∞ Gceat reflex ECLL enteng astie. pertetaceds cheef et. Slide 46 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Control of Gastric Secretion Inhibitory Duodenal Mechanisms Slide 47 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Control of Gastric Secretion head. + 뇌인식 i " l ) I → 음식이 위에 들어 갔은때 1 g 여 Slide 48 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Digestion & Absorption in the Stomach Carbohydrate digestion by salivary amylase continues partial inhibition of amylase by acidity Proteins are partially digested by pepsin in the antrum Onlybn alcohol & aspirin are absorbed - ph theoy 연관 리어서 보기 ? ) Slide 49 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 The Gastric Mucosal Barrier Slide 50 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System  The Gastric Mucosal Barrier WEEK 15 위첨 Protects Stomach from Damage Cell membranes of gastric mucosal cells are impermeable to HCl on the luminal side Tight junctions between adjacent gastric mucosal (epithelial) cells are impermeable to HCl The HCO3–-rich mucus serves both as protective physical barrier & as chemical barrier that neutralizes acid close to gastric mucosa Rapid rate of cell division – entire stomach lining replaced in 3 days Prostaglandins inhibit acid secretion & promote alkaline mucus secretion Slide 51 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Digestive Processes From Small Intestine To Large Intestine Slide 52 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 ☆ The Small Intestine A macn site of Completionof dgestim absorptin & Digestive & Absorptive Functions 노화흡수가능 , Main site for digestion & absorption of ingested food Secretes aqueous salt & mucus solution for lubrication & protection 근육수축 , Utilizes segmentation & peristaltic contractions to mix & propel chyme, and facilitate absorption 흡수용이 Digestion occurs via action of bile, pancreatic enzymes & intestinal (brush-border) enzymes Absorption occurs along the entire length – but largely in the duodenum & jejunum Slide 53 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 The Small Intestine Structure-function Relationships Mucosal surface thrown into permanent circular folds  3-fold  in surface area Microscopic finger-like projections (villi) project from circular folds  10-fold  in surface area Villi are covered by epithelial cells Epithelial cells have numerous smaller, hair-like projections, ~ called microvilli or brush border  20-fold  in surface area ~ 나 표면적 넓혀준다 3 types of digestive enzymes are expressed on the membranes of microvilli or brush border – enteropeptidase, disaccharidases & aminopeptidases Slide 54 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 Intestinal Circular Folds, Villi & Microvilli Slide 55 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System WEEK 15 The Structure of Intestinal Villi Slide 56 of 83 MPharm PHA115 GI System