Test_2_B_Key.docx

Biology 170 – Test 2 TEST FORM B Name: 790 Student ID: Make sure you fill out all your name, 790 student ID and Test Form on the scantron. Scantrons without this information CANNOT BE GRADED. Choose the one answer that best completes the statement or answers the question. Circle your answers on this...

Biology 170 – Test 2 TEST FORM B Name: 790 Student ID: Make sure you fill out all your name, 790 student ID and Test Form on the scantron. Scantrons without this information CANNOT BE GRADED. Choose the one answer that best completes the statement or answers the question. Circle your answers on this test and hand it in. Also indicate your answers on your scantron—marking only one answer per question. There are figures you may find useful at the end of the exam. The evolution of chlorophyll b allowed: Minimize the damage to DNA from UV light Use of more wavelengths of light for photosynthesis Vascular plants to reduce competition for light with non-vascular plants Grow taller Reduce the dependence on water for reproduction In the photo of this plant, which arrow shows the haploid part of the life cycle? Arrow A Arrow B Not enough information Refer to this figure for the next four questions. Seeds should go in: Box A Box B Box C Box D Box E Cones should go in: Box A Box B Box C Box D Box E Flowers should go in: Box A Box B Box C Box D Box E Alternation of generations should go in: Box A Box B Box C Box D Box E Darwin was vexed by the explosive radiation of Angiosperm plants, which he called “the abominable mystery.” What puzzled him about Angiosperms? Their flowers can be very complicated They can be pollinated in many different ways Shortly after they appeared in the fossil record, they radiated very fast so that over 99% of seed plants are Angiosperms Their fruits tend to be good to eat Angiosperm fruits provide an additional layer of tissue surrounding the seed. This additional tissue is used to: Provide additional nutrition to the embryo Entice animals to eat the fruits, and thereby disperse the seeds Protect the seeds from seed predators Reduce fungal infection of the seeds Improve pollination Which of the following traits is shared by ascomycetes and basidiomycetes? Absorptive heterotrophy Chitin Dikaryon All of the above None of the above If all the Earth’s fungi were to disappear, Earth’s ___________ cycle would slow dramatically. Carbon Phosphorus Sulfur Nitrogen Water Many fungi are __________, associating with photosynthetic organisms to form mycorrhizae or lichens. Saprobic Parasitic Predatory Symbiotic Photosynthetic Lichens get their organic carbon from Photosynthesis Absorbing it from the environment Decaying organic material Parasitizing flowering plants Their roots Where is most of the energy in Earth’s climate system stored? The atmosphere Land Oceans Oil deposits Which of the following statements about Montana climate is correct? Annual average temperature is getting cooler Mean August stream discharge is declining There is decreased fire weather risk All of the above None of the above When the Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative was launched in 1993, ~10% of the region was contained in protected core areas. Since then, that percentage has: Been cut in half Stayed the same Increased by 10% More than doubled Since 1900, the total weight of terrestrial mammalian wildlife worldwide has: Declined dramatically Stayed about the same Increased slightly, due to zoo initiatives Increased greatly Which eukaryotic group below contributes most to global photosynthetic oxygen production? Radiolarians Diplomonads Dinoflagellates Diatoms Apicomplexans You are sampling some ocean water and inspect it under a microscope. Here is a sketch of a very common organism in your sample. You determine that this organism is a: Stramenopile Diatom Rhizarian Dinoflagellate Excavate Which of the following is the closest known relative of eukaryotes? Euryarchaeota. Crenarchaeota. Asgard Archaea. Bacteria. According to the Eocyte hypothesis, Archaea (gray boxes) are a: Monophyletic group. Paraphyletic group. Polyphyletic group. Which of the following is evidence for the Endosymbiont Theory? Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by more than one membrane, suggesting that they had been engulfed by a host cell. Mitochondria and chloroplasts retain remnants of circular bacterial DNA. Mitochondria and chloroplasts make ribosomes that resemble and are related to bacterial ribosomes. All of the above. None of the above. Which of the following statements about protists is correct? Protists are a monophyletic group. Protists are not monophyletic. Protists are more closely related to bacteria than they are to archaea. All protists are single-celled organisms. During the evolution of eukaryotes: Primary endosymbiosis has been common. Secondary endosymbiosis has been common. Multicellularity evolved only once. All of the above. Fungi are most closely related to diatoms. b. kelp. c. humans. d. dinoflagellates. e. cyanobacteria. The global decline of amphibians is linked to the spread of: Cordyceps zombie death fungi. b. slime molds. c. basidiomycetes. d. parasitic lichens. e. chytrid fungi The absorptive heterotrophy of fungi is aided by their: large surface-to-volume area. b. chloroplasts. c. apicoplasts d. many nuclei e. all of the above Which of the following statements regarding stramenopiles are correct? All stramenopiles are photosynthetic. All stramenopiles are microscopic. Photosynthetic stramenopiles obtained chloroplast by secondary endosymbiosis. All of the above. None of the above. Most lineages of Eukaryotes on the Tree of Life: Are unicellular. Are multicellular. Are large. Lack nuclei. Although the Earth is estimated to be over 4 billion years old, and the first life appeared a little less than 4 billion years ago, land plants appeared about: 3-4 billion years ago 400-500 million years ago 40-50 million years ago 3-4 million years ago 400,000-500,000 years ago In class we identified that a major challenge for plants colonizing the land was to reduce the reliance on water for getting eggs and sperm together. A major innovation that allowed this to happen was: Waxy cuticle Tracheids Alternation of generations Stomata Pollen Nonvascular land plants have never evolved to the size of vascular plants, most likely because they lack an efficient system for conducting water and minerals and support. an efficient mode of respiration. an ability to perform photosynthesis. mechanisms for nutrient and water absorption. the ability to disperse offspring. Coniferous gymnosperms such as pines depend primarily on _______ for pollination; thus, the plants produce large quantities of pollen that disperse over large areas during the spring. Insects Birds Water Wind Mammals Imagine you found this plant growing on the bank of Rattlesnake Creek. Which combination of traits will it have? Stomata; waxy cuticle; spores Waxy cuticle; sperm and eggs; spores Waxy cuticle; tracheids; seeds Waxy cuticle; roots; flowers One reason for the evolutionary success of seed plants is that they have: Seeds with food reserves for the young sporophyte Complex leaves that can photosynthesize at a faster rate than non-seed producing plants Sees with a resting stage that can remain viable for many years, germinating when conditions are favorable for growth of the sporophyte An advanced vascular system Both a and c You are exploring in the American southwest and discover a tree that has HUGE fruit. You watch it over a few months, and as far as you can tell the fruits don’t seem to be dispersed by any animals. You suspect that the fruit was dispersed by: melting glaciers during the last ice age Large fruit bats that are now extinct Large mammals that are now extinct Hornbills Figures you may find useful