Terminology of Fixed Prosthodontics PDF

**[Terminology of Fixed Prosthodontics]** ***[Prosthesis: ]*** Definition: An artificial appliance replacing a lost human part, eg. eye, leg, teeth. In dentistry this can be fixed or removable, complete or partial. ***[Crown:]*** It is an artificial fixed restoration covering the entire or part...

**[Terminology of Fixed Prosthodontics]** ***[Prosthesis: ]*** Definition: An artificial appliance replacing a lost human part, eg. eye, leg, teeth. In dentistry this can be fixed or removable, complete or partial. ***[Crown:]*** It is an artificial fixed restoration covering the entire or partial coronal portion of a tooth, restoring its anatomy, function and esthetics. ***[Classified into:]*** a. According to material: 1- Metal 2- Non-metal (acrylic/ceramic) 3- Combination of metal and ceramic -- Ceramo-metallic (veneered/full veneered) b. According to coverage: 1-Complete coverage (full metal/ceramo-metallic) 2-Partial coverage: a- retained by grooves (3/4 - reverse 3/4 - 1/2 - 7/8 - McBoyle) b- retained by pins (pin ledge ) - [Full metal Crown:] An artificial crown made entirely from cast metal covering all the coronal structure of posterior teeth restoring anatomy and function. - [Ceramic Crown: ] An artificial crown made entirely from ceramic covering all the coronal structure restoring esthetics, anatomy and function. - [Ceramo-metallic crown (CM crown) or porcelain fused to metal (PFM):] An artificial crown made from a metal substructure and a ceramic covering restoring esthetics, anatomy and function. The veneering ceramic (porcelain) can be just labial and it is called a veneered crown or the porcelain can cover all the metal and is called a full veneered crown. - [Post crown: ] An artificial crown replacing all the lost coronal structure, retained by a post placed in a prepared root canal, restoring esthetics, anatomy and function. - [Three quarter crown:] It is a partial coverage crown covering the two proximal, lingual, occlusal or incisal surfaces; leaving the buccal or labial surface unprepared. It is retained by two proximal grooves. This restoration can be done in all regions of the mouth, ie. universal. - The reverse three quarter prepares is a modified 3/4 but the lingual surface is left unprepared and the labial is prepared. It is indicated in the lower premolar region. - [Proximal half crown (mesial half crown):] It is a partial coverage restoration that has its mesial, half the buccal and half the lingual, with part of the occlusal surface reduced. The grooves are placed in the buccal and lingual surfaces. Indicted in the lower molar area when the molar is tilted. - [Seven Eighth crown:] It is a partial coverage crown reducing all the tooth surfaces except the mesio-buccal cusp for esthetic purposes. Grooves are present in the proximals and buccal surfaces. - [Pin Ledge crown:] It is a partial coverage crown reducing the proximal and palatal surfaces retained by 3 pinholes in the palatal surface (2 incisal and 1 cervical). It is a difficult preparation and not widely used any more. - [Laminate Veneer:] It is a partial coverage restoration made of a thin ceramic material cemented on the labial surface of the anterior teeth to improve esthetics. - [Occlusal Veneers:] It is a partial coverage restoration made of a thin ceramic material cemented on the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth to restore lost occlusal anatomy and to increase the vertical dimension of occlusal. **[Restorations can be classified into:]** Extra-coronal: crowns, whether full or partial coverage Intra-coronal: inlays, onlays, overlays [Inlay:] a dental restoration fabricated in the lab and cemented into the tooth. Can be just an intra-coronal class I inlay or with a proximal box(s) but doesn't cover all the occlusal surface. [Onlay:] a dental restoration fabricated in the lab and cemented into the tooth covering all the occlusal surface. [Overlay:] a dental restoration fabricated in the lab and cemented into the tooth covering all the occlusal surface and extending to mid-buccal and mid-lingual surface. [Endocrown:] It is a relatively new type of restoration done on endodontically treated teeth. Made of a ceramic material and gains its retention from the pulp chamber. **[Fixed Partial Denture FPD (bridge):]** It is a partial denture that is cemented to a natural tooth, teeth, root or implant abutment replacing a lost tooth or teeth. [Components of a bridge:] *Retainer:* part of a bridge that rebuilds the prepared abutment, and is cemented on the *abutment.* It can be complete or partial coverage, or an intra-coronal restoration. *Pontic:* part of a bridge that replaces the coronal portion of the missing tooth or teeth. *Connector:* part of a bridge that connects the retainer to the pontic. Can be rigid or non-rigid. *Abutment:* is the natural tooth, root or implant that supports a crown or a bridge. *Pier abutment:* it is an abutment that is isolated, ie. no neighboring teeth. **[FPD can be classified into:]** 1. According to material: a. metal b. non-metal (acrylic temporary bridge, ceramic bridge) c. combination (ceramo-metallic) 2. According to site: a. anterior (from canine to canine) b. posterior (premolars and molars) c. complex (crosses from anterior to posterior/crosses the canine) 3. According to retention: I. Simple bridge: a. fixed-fixed b. fixed-support c. fixed-free (cantilever) d. spring cantilever (not used anymore) e. resin bonded FPD II. Compound bridge (more than one of the above) There are also: Resin bonded FPDs can use intra-oral restoration for retention, eg. inlay retained FPD; or metallic/ceramic wings in anterior teeth eg. Maryland FPD. [Fixed-Removable partial dentures:] They are restorations in which one part is fixed on to the abutments (retainer and connector) and the other part can be removed by the patient (pontic).