Term 2 Microbiology 1 PDF
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CCNM
Nick Inglis, Ph.D.
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Summary
This document discusses the microbiology of the upper respiratory tract, including the microbiome and various pathogens, such as Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus bacteria, and Veillonella bacteria. It also covers viral pathogens like rhinoviruses and adenoviruses, highlighting their roles in common illnesses and the body's responses.
Full Transcript
MICROBIOLOGY OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT IN TRODUCTION AN D TOUR OF THE M ICROBIOME Prepared by: Nick Inglis, Ph.D. BMS 150 January 2023 REVIEW: THE MUCOCILIARY ESCALATOR AND ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES MICROBIOMES OF THE UPPER AND LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT Lower respiratory system free of resident microbiota...
MICROBIOLOGY OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT IN TRODUCTION AN D TOUR OF THE M ICROBIOME Prepared by: Nick Inglis, Ph.D. BMS 150 January 2023 REVIEW: THE MUCOCILIARY ESCALATOR AND ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES MICROBIOMES OF THE UPPER AND LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT Lower respiratory system free of resident microbiota Upper respiratory system has a diverse microbiome - Nose: Haemophilus bacteria, Veillonella bacteria, diphtheroid - Nasal cavity: Staphylococcus bacteria, diphtheroid - Pharynx: Staphylococcus bacteria, Streptococcus bacteria, diphtheroid NORMAL MICROBIOME OF THE PHARYNX AND NASAL CAVITY: 1. HAEMOPHILUS SPP. X Factor (Hemin) V Factor (NAD+) H. influenzae NORMAL MICROBIOME OF THE PHARYNX AND NASAL CAVITY: 2.VEILLONELLA SPP. Gram-negative Anaerobic Potent lactate fermenters Potent nitrate reducers Veillonella parvula (e.g.) NORMAL MICROBIOME OF THE PHARYNX AND NASAL CAVITY: 3. STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPP. Staphylococcus aureus: - Pneumonia - Meningitis - Osteomyelitis - Toxic shock syndrome - Sepsis - Scalded Skin syndrome - Folliculitis - Pimples - Etc. NORMAL MICROBIOME OF THE PHARYNX AND NASAL CAVITY: 4. DIPHTHEROIDS Corynebacterium diptheriae Propionibacterium acnes NORMAL MICROBIOME OF THE PHARYNX AND NASAL CAVITY: 5. ALPHA-HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI Beta-hemolysis Alpha-hemolysis No hemolysis (gamma-hemolysis) blood agar Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes PROS AND CONS OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY MICROBIOME GOOD: It limits infection! BAD: Opportunistic pathogens abound! MICROBIOLOGY OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS Prepared by: Nick Inglis, Ph.D. BMS 150 January 2023 STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGITIS: ‘STREP THROAT’: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS - Pain during swallowing Bad breath Fever Malaise Headache CAUSATIVE AGENT: STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES Gram positive, facultative anaerobes Lancefield Group A Streptococcus Beta-hemolytic STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES: VIRULENCE FACTORS M protein (C3b inhibitor) Hyaluronic acid capsule Streptokinases C5a peptidase Pyrogenic (erythrogenic) toxins Streptolysin O STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGITIS: EPIDEMIOLOGY
