Tema 1 (1) PDF - Spanish Constitution of 1978

## ADILARES DE ENFERMERÍA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE GESTIÓN SANITARIA (INGESA) **The Spanish Constitution of 1978** ### **2. Rights and Freedoms** #### 2.1. Rights of Spaniards **The article 40 of the Constitution highlights the following rights:** * Right to an equitable distribution of incom...

## ADILARES DE ENFERMERÍA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE GESTIÓN SANITARIA (INGESA) **The Spanish Constitution of 1978** ### **2. Rights and Freedoms** #### 2.1. Rights of Spaniards **The article 40 of the Constitution highlights the following rights:** * Right to an equitable distribution of income. * Right to professional training and employment. * Right to safety and health in the workplace. * Right to necessary rest (limited working hours, paid vacations, promotion of suitable workspaces). **The article 41 of the Constitution states the right to social security for all citizens.** **The article 42 of the Constitution obligates the State to:** * Safeguard the economic and social rights of Spanish workers abroad. * Promote their return. **The article 43 of the Constitution guarantees the right to protection of health.** **The article 44 of the Constitution guarantees the right to access culture for all.** **The article 45 of the Constitution sanctions the right to enjoy a suitable environment for the development of the individual:** * The public authorities are required to ensure rational use of natural resources, protect, and enhance the quality of life. * The law establishes sanctions for violations. **The article 46 of the Constitution guarantees the preservation and enrichment of the historical, cultural, and artistic heritage of the Spanish people.** **The article 47 of the Constitution guarantees the right to enjoy a decent dwelling.** **The article 49 of the Constitution imposes on the public authorities the fulfillment of a policy for the prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and integration of people with physical, sensory, and psychic disabilities.** **The article 50 of the Constitution guarantees the right to adequate and regularly updated pensions, and to a system of social services that addresses specific problems related to health, housing, culture, and leisure for older people.** **The article 51 of the Constitution obligates the public authorities to guarantee the defense of consumers and users.** **The article 52 of the Constitution states that the law shall regulate professional organizations that contribute to the defense of the interests of their members.** #### **2.2. Duties of Spaniards** **The main duties of Spaniards are:** * **To defend Spain**. * **To contribute to the financing of public spending.** * **To provide support and care for their children.** * **To preserve the environment.** * **To preserve historical, cultural, and artistic heritage.** #### **2.3. Guarantees of Rights and Freedoms:** * They are enshrined in articles 53 and 54 of the CE. * They bind the Spanish public powers. * They can only be regulated by law, which must respect their essential content. * They can be protected through appeal. #### 2.4. The Protection of Health in the Constitution - The foundation on which the General Health Law 14/1986, of April 25th, is based. #### 2.5. Social Security in the Constitution - The article 41 of the Constitution recognizes the right to Social Security for all citizens as a guarantee of assistance and benefits.