Safety Important Points Summary PDF

summary of important points in safety  For lecture 1: 1. What is the definition of safety as provided by the National Safety Council? a) Freedom from danger or injury b) Control of hazards to manage an acceptable level of risk c) Elimination of all risks d) Avoidance of human errors Answer: b) Co...

summary of important points in safety  For lecture 1: 1. What is the definition of safety as provided by the National Safety Council? a) Freedom from danger or injury b) Control of hazards to manage an acceptable level of risk c) Elimination of all risks d) Avoidance of human errors Answer: b) Control of hazards to manage an acceptable level of risk 2. What is the relationship between risk and hazards? a) Risk is a measure of hazard potential. b) Hazards are a source of risk. c) Risk and hazards are unrelated. d) Risk eliminates hazards. Answer: b) Hazards are a source of risk. 3. What are the two main aspects of professional safety practice concerning risk? a) Eliminating hazards and avoiding adverse results b) Avoiding or reducing the probability of incidents and minimizing severity c) Increasing risk awareness and training employees d) Removing all risks and hazards completely Answer: b) Avoiding or reducing the probability of incidents and minimizing severity 4. Which of the following describes a hazard? a) The probability of an incident occurring b) The potential for harm c) A safety control mechanism d) A minor safety inconvenience Answer: b) The potential for harm 5. What is the ultimate purpose of the practice of safety? a) Eliminating risks completely b) Reducing costs of operations c) Attaining a state for which risks are judged acceptable d) Avoiding all workplace hazards Answer: c) Attaining a state for which risks are judged acceptable 6. What is a key characteristic of the design phase in the practice of safety? a) Continuous improvement processes b) Identifying and analyzing hazards for elimination or control c) Reacting to post-incident investigations d) Managing safety equipment Answer: b) Identifying and analyzing hazards for elimination or control 7. What is the definition of an accident as per the lecture? a) An undesired event causing damage to property only b) A predictable incident c) An undesired event leading to harm or deterioration d) A hazard that has been ignored Answer: c) An undesired event leading to harm or deterioration 8. According to Heinrich's Domino Theory, what is the initial step leading to an accident? a) Unsafe conditions b) Loss c) Fault of the person d) Harmful contact incident Answer: c) Fault of the person 9. What is Marcum’s perspective on accidents? a) They are unavoidable due to human error. b) They can be avoided, and liability lies with management. c) They are caused solely by hazardous environments. d) They occur due to random acts of nature. Answer: b) They can be avoided, and liability lies with management. 10. What is a key factor contributing to system-induced errors? a) Excessive motivation b) Innate human error tendencies c) Over-reliance on machines d) Lack of physical hazards Answer: b) Innate human error tendencies For Lecture 2 : 1. What is the definition of safety? a) Being physically fit b) Being protected against risks like failure or accidents c) Avoiding all forms of physical labor d) Minimizing stress at work Answer: b) Being protected against risks like failure or accidents 2. Which of the following organizations issues safety laboratory standards? a) International Standardization Organization (ISO) b) American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) c) British Standards Institution (BSI) d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above 3. Employers are responsible for all the following EXCEPT: a) Identifying workplace hazards b) Assigning supervisors to train employees c) Providing free snacks for safety meetings d) Evaluating the effectiveness of PPE programs Answer: c) Providing free snacks for safety meetings 4. Which of the following is NOT a type of workplace hazard? a) Physical hazards b) Psychosocial hazards c) Astrological hazards d) Biological hazards Answer: c) Astrological hazards 5. What are examples of electrical hazards? a) Electric shock and electric burns b) Fire and explosions c) Arcing d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above 6. What precaution is recommended to avoid electrical hazards? a) Use devices with high voltage b) Avoid double insulation c) Secure automatic current cut-offs d) Use machines without earthing Answer: c) Secure automatic current cut-offs 7. What does the fire triangle consist of? a) Oxygen, heat, and fuel b) Oxygen, water, and electricity c) Fuel, chemicals, and insulation d) Fire, air, and water Answer: a) Oxygen, heat, and fuel 8. How can fire risks be minimized in the workplace? a) Limit the use of flammable materials b) Use fire risk warning signs c) Control ignition sources and rubbish burning d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above 9. Which of the following are considered personal protective equipment (PPE)? a) Eye and face protection b) Head protection c) Foot protection d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above 10. Which safety practice is NOT recommended in the workshop? a) Wearing an apron b) Running to reach tools faster c) Using guards on machines d) Listening to teacher instructions Answer: b) Running to reach tools faster 11. What should you do if you notice a damaged machine? a) Continue using it until it's fully broken b) Report it immediately c) Attempt to repair it yourself d) Ignore it if it’s a minor issue Answer: b) Report it immediately For Lecture 3 -4 : 1. Why is it essential to study workplace hazards? A. To reduce production costs B. To improve employee performance C. To minimize the probability of accidents and risks D. To enhance workplace aesthetics Answer: C. To minimize the probability of accidents and risks 2. What is the relationship between accident occurrence and hazards? A. Accident = Hazard + Time B. Accident = Hazard × Exposure C. Accident = Risk - Hazard D. Accident = Exposure ÷ Hazard Answer: B. Accident = Hazard × Exposure 3. Which of the following is not a class of hazard? A. Biological B. Psychological C. Social D. Ergonomic Answer: C. Social 4. Which factor contributes to electrical hazards? A. Insufficient insulation B. Proper ventilation C. Use of low-voltage devices D. Avoiding double insulation Answer: A. Insufficient insulation 5. Which type of hazard is associated with repetitive movement and poor workstation design? A. Physical B. Biological C. Ergonomic D. Psychological Answer: C. Ergonomic 6. What are the primary methods of hazard management? A. Elimination, substitution, and engineering controls B. Risk identification, assessment, and control C. Training, monitoring, and auditing D. Inspection, reporting, and penalizing Answer: B. Risk identification, assessment, and control 7. What is the primary purpose of machine guards? A. To reduce machine maintenance costs B. To improve machine performance C. To safeguard workers from mechanical hazards D. To enhance machine aesthetics Answer: C. To safeguard workers from mechanical hazards 8. What is an example of a chemical hazard? A. Noise B. Mold C. Asbestos dust D. Poor posture Answer: C. Asbestos dust 9. Which action is essential for electrical safety? A. Removing all insulation for better performance B. Using automatic current cut-off devices like circuit breakers C. Avoiding the use of earthing mechanisms D. Operating high-voltage devices for efficiency Answer: B. Using automatic current cut-off devices like circuit breakers 10. What is the most common cause of injuries involving machinery? A. Power transmission failures B. Point-of-operation accidents C. Lack of training D. Wear and tear of machines Answer: B. Point-of-operation accidents 11. Which of the following is a biological hazard? A. Mold and bacteria B. Poor lighting C. Sharp objects D. Heavy machinery Answer: A. Mold and bacteria 12. What is the primary effect of noise hazards in the workplace? A. Reduced communication and increased risk of accidents B. Enhanced worker productivity C. Improved concentration D. Strengthened teamwork Answer: A. Reduced communication and increased risk of accidents 13. Which machine motion is not considered a hazard? A. Reciprocating motion B. Rotating motion C. In-running nip points D. Idle motion Answer: D. Idle motion 14. What is an appropriate safety measure for handling flammable materials? A. Store in a properly ventilated cabinet B. Place near electrical panels C. Leave open for easy access D. Mix with other chemicals to save space Answer: A. Store in a properly ventilated cabinet 15. Which is an ergonomic hazard associated with material handling? A. Exposure to loud noises B. Lifting heavy loads C. Using sharp tools D. Mold exposure Answer: B. Lifting heavy loads  For lecture 5 : 1. Why is safety important in workplaces? a) To meet ethical, cost, and legal standards b) To avoid public scrutiny c) To ensure maximum productivity d) To create competition Answer: a) To meet ethical, cost, and legal standards 2. What is a hazard? a) Unsafe conditions or practices causing harm b) The likelihood of an accident occurring c) A minor inconvenience in the workplace d) Harm caused by employee negligence Answer: a) Unsafe conditions or practices causing harm 3. How is risk quantified? a) Severity multiplied by probability b) Total accidents per year c) The safety equipment's effectiveness d) Impact of material handling processes Answer: a) Severity multiplied by probability 4. What is an accident? a) An unsafe condition that has been identified b) An uncontrollable event sequence causing undesirable effects c) An intentional act leading to workplace damage d) A foreseeable consequence of unsafe practices Answer: b) An uncontrollable event sequence causing undesirable effects 5. What is a near-miss? a) An accident that caused minor injuries b) A hazardous event that did not result in an accident c) A deliberate attempt to avoid accidents d) A result of poor workplace policies Answer: b) A hazardous event that did not result in an accident 6. What are the three major contributors to industrial accidents? a) Employee errors, environmental factors, and job characteristics b) Equipment malfunctions, poor training, and low morale c) Government policies, regulations, and legal practices d) Job benefits, hazards, and workload Answer: a) Employee errors, environmental factors, and job characteristics 7. What are errors of omission? a) Workers failing to act when required b) Workers taking incorrect actions c) Equipment errors leading to accidents d) Employees refusing to follow policies Answer: a) Workers failing to act when required 8. What is the most dangerous industry in terms of fatal injuries per 100,000 workers? a) Construction b) Mining c) Transportation d) Agriculture Answer: b) Mining 9. Which method is safest for material handling in the workplace? a) Manual methods b) Mechanized methods c) Automated systems d) All methods are equally safe Answer: c) Automated systems 10. What is the 88:10:2 ratio in Heinrich’s accident model? a) Unsafe acts, unsafe conditions, and unpreventable causes b) Environmental, mechanical, and electrical risks c) Minor, severe, and fatal accidents d) Direct, indirect, and preventive costs Answer: a) Unsafe acts, unsafe conditions, and unpreventable causes 11. What are the three primary categories of hazardous materials? a) Physical, chemical, and electrical hazards b) Toxic, flammable, and corrosive materials c) Radioactive, temperature, and impact hazards d) Environmental, structural, and mechanical hazards Answer: b) Toxic, flammable, and corrosive materials 12. What is the first step in the OSHA Safety and Health Program Model? a) Employee training b) Hazard recognition c) Top management commitment d) Accident investigation Answer: c) Top management commitment 13. How can effective accountability reduce accidents? a) By assigning responsibility and authority b) By using cost accounting, safety planning, and adequate training c) By increasing surveillance on employees d) By improving workplace aesthetics Answer: b) By using cost accounting, safety planning, and adequate training 14. What are the three Es of safety? a) Engineering, Education, and Enforcement b) Environment, Equipment, and Evaluation c) Enthusiasm, Ethics, and Enforcement d) Energy, Ergonomics, and Engagement Answer: a) Engineering, Education, and Enforcement 15. According to the 300:29:1 ratio, what happens to most workplace accidents? a) They result in no injuries b) They cause severe injuries c) They lead to property damage only d) They are fatal Answer: a) They result in no injuries 16. What are the principles of hazard control? a) Recognize hazards, define actions, assign responsibilities, measure effectiveness b) Train employees, reduce fatigue, monitor behavior, report incidents c) Avoid risks, eliminate hazards, enforce safety rules, reward compliance d) Document policies, monitor metrics, regulate processes, assign penalties Answer: a) Recognize hazards, define actions, assign responsibilities, measure effectiveness 17. What is the key idea behind the Domino Theory of accidents? a) Accidents result from isolated events with no connection b) A sequence of related events causes injuries c) Accidents are caused by inherent risks in the workplace d) Accidents can only be prevented through strict laws Answer: b) A sequence of related events causes injuries 18. What are some social or psychological factors contributing to workplace accidents? a) Poor lighting and ventilation b) Management practices and safety programs c) High temperatures and excessive noise d) Lack of training in hazardous materials Answer: b) Management practices and safety programs 19. How is the incidence rate of workplace injuries calculated? a) Using the total number of injuries over years worked b) Based on the 200,000 factor, number of recordable cases, and job exposure hours c) By dividing the number of lost days by employees’ hours worked d) By adding minor and severe incidents together Answer: b) Based on the 200,000 factor, number of recordable cases, and job exposure hours 20. What does the severity rate measure? a) The number of workplace hazards identified b) Days lost due to injuries per 100 workers c) Employee satisfaction with safety programs d) Overall financial cost of injuries Answer: b) Days lost due to injuries per 100 workers 21. Why is accident investigation crucial? a) To assign blame to employees b) To identify unsafe acts and conditions causing incidents c) To create an impression of safety awareness d) To meet regulatory requirements Answer: b) To identify unsafe acts and conditions causing incidents Lecture 6-7 : 1. What is the main goal of risk identification? a) To eliminate all hazards b) To reduce uncertainty in describing factors that contribute to accidents c) To calculate financial costs of accidents d) To enforce safety regulations Answer: b) To reduce uncertainty in describing factors that contribute to accidents​ 2. Which of the following describes risk analysis? a) Measuring uncertainties by comparing hazard scores b) Classifying risks based on relative frequency and severity c) Developing administrative controls for hazard reduction d) Performing cost-benefit analysis of safety equipment Answer: b) Classifying risks based on relative frequency and severity 3. What is the purpose of the William Fine Method? a) To create safety checklists b) To determine the acceptable levels of risk c) To justify the cost of correcting a hazard d) To assess employee compliance with safety protocols Answer: c) To justify the cost of correcting a hazard 4. According to the lecture, when can all risks be eliminated? a) When enough resources are allocated b) Risks cannot be fully eliminated, only reduced c) After extensive risk analysis d) When protective equipment is worn at all times Answer: b) Risks cannot be fully eliminated, only reduced 5. What is the most effective form of hazard control in the hierarchy of controls? a) Administrative controls b) Personal protective equipment (PPE) c) Engineering controls d) Elimination or substitution Answer: d) Elimination or substitution 6. Which of the following is considered a control of last resort? a) Engineering controls b) PPE c) Administrative controls d) Substitution of equipment Answer: b) PPE 7. Which approach focuses on helping managers allocate funds to achieve the greatest risk reduction across departments? a) The William Fine Method b) Logical Process Risk Analysis c) Hierarchy of Controls d) Administrative Control Method Answer: b) Logical Process Risk Analysis 8. What is a key feature of engineering controls in hazard prevention? a) They limit but do not entirely remove the hazard b) They rely on human behavior for effectiveness c) They require written safety policies and procedures d) They are the least effective control methods Answer: a) They limit but do not entirely remove the hazard Good Luck ‫ربنا يستر‬