Sub-Atomic Particle PDF

A. Review/Drill Directions: Classify each of the following substances as elements or compounds. Write (E) if it is classified as an element and (C) if it is classified as a compound. Write your answer on the space provided. 1. Carbon (C) _____________ 6. Bismuth (Bi) _____________...

A. Review/Drill Directions: Classify each of the following substances as elements or compounds. Write (E) if it is classified as an element and (C) if it is classified as a compound. Write your answer on the space provided. 1. Carbon (C) _____________ 6. Bismuth (Bi) _____________ 2. Glucose (C6H12O6) _____________ 7. Uranium (U) _____________ 3. Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) _____________ 8. Water (H2O) _____________ 4. Iron (Fe) _____________ 9. Alcohol (CH3OH) _________ 5. Krypton (Kr) _____________ 10. Ammonia (NH3) _________ B. Motivation  Have you ever wondered what’s inside an atom?  Can you guess which part of the atom makes it neutral? Activity 2: Sub-atomic Particles Directions: Label the following parts of the atom and some of its information from the periodic table. SUB-ATOMIC PARTICLES Atoms are best described through different atomic models. After a series of experiments and observations, the models have revealed the composition of an atom. Atoms are made primarily of three sub-particles such as proton, electron and neutron. 1. PROTONS (P+) positively charged subatomic particle located in nucleus of an atom always moving (atomic vibration) discovered by Ernest Rutherford 5 2. ELECTRONS (E-) very small negatively charged subatomic particle found in orbit around nucleus moves very rapidly and is rather easily accelerated discovered by j.j. thomson 3. NEUTRONS (N) subatomic particle located in nucleus that has no electrical charge Discovered by James Chadwick 7 8 The number of protons in an atom determines the positive nuclear charge of an atom. Protons also determine the atomic number (Z) of an element. We can tell how many protons an atom of an element has by knowing its atomic number. For example, the element beryllium (Be) has an atomic number of 4. An atom of beryllium has four protons. The element Krypton (Kr) has an atomic number of 36, and one atom of Krypton has 36 protons. In a neutral atom, the number of proton and electron are the same. 10 The proton is 1,836 times heavier than the electron. When electrons and protons are placed side by side, the proton will be as big as a house, while the electron will only be one of its light switches. Together with protons, neutrons make up the mass number (A) of an atom. 11 To determine the number of protons, electrons and neutrons, use this formula: Using the formula in determining the number sub-atomic particles, how many protons, electrons and neutrons does Oxygen atom have? 12 Answer: Proton = 8; Electron = 8; Neutron = 8 B. Analysis  Why is the number of protons important in identifying an element?  What will happen to an atom if you remove one electron from it? C. Abstraction Atoms consist of protons, electrons, and neutrons, with protons in the nucleus and electrons orbiting around it. The atomic number (Z) is determined by the number of protons, while the mass number (A) is determined by the sum of protons and neutrons. C. Abstraction Key physicists like J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, and James Chadwick discovered electrons and neutrons. Understanding these particles helps explain atomic properties, chemical behavior, and interactions between elements. C. Application What happens to a neutral atom if it gains an extra electron? Give one real-life example where this happens. C. Evaluation Read each multiple-choice question carefully and selecting the correct answer, focusing on protons, neutrons, electrons, and atomic numbers. 1. What subatomic particle is positively charged and located in the nucleus of an atom? A. Electron B. Proton C. Neutron D. Photon 2. Who discovered the proton? A. J.J. Thomson B. James Chadwick C. Ernest Rutherford D. Albert Einstein 3. Which subatomic particle is found in orbit around the nucleus and has a negative charge? A. Neutron B. Proton C. Electron D. Positron 4. What is the charge of a neutron? B. Positive B. Negative C. Neutral D. It depends on the atom 5. What does the atomic number (Z) of an element represent? A. The number of neutrons B. The number of protons C. The number of electrons D. The mass number 6. How many protons does an oxygen atom have? C. 6 B. 8 C. 10 D. 12 7. What is the relationship between the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom? D. They are always equal. B. Protons are always more than electrons. C. Electrons are always more than protons. 8. What is the mass number (A) of an atom? A. The sum of protons and neutrons B. The sum of protons and electrons C. The sum of neutrons and electrons D. The atomic number 9. Which element has an atomic number of 4? A. Oxygen B. Krypton C. Beryllium D. Nitrogen 10. How many neutrons does an oxygen atom have if its atomic mass is 16? (Assuming it has 8 protons and 8 electrons) A. 6 B. 8 C. 10 D. 16