Ancient Civilizations PDF

Sumerian Civilization Sumer was an ancient civilization founded jn the mesopotamia region of the Fertile Creset situated between the tigris and euphrates rivers. Science Technology Innovation Healthcare Education -Developed -Created the...

Sumerian Civilization Sumer was an ancient civilization founded jn the mesopotamia region of the Fertile Creset situated between the tigris and euphrates rivers. Science Technology Innovation Healthcare Education -Developed -Created the -Invented -Basic -Education early forms of wheel and plow. cunelform, one understanding through astromony and of the first of healing scribal school mathematics. -Mastered writing system. herbs and focusing on Irrigation primitive mathematics, system. -Developed surgery. writing and Ziggurats (step religious pyramids). -Used magic texts. and spiritual -Advanced in practices for Mathematics healing. base-60 system. Sexagesimal Babylonian Civilization Babylon was the largest city in the vast babylonian empire. Founded more than 4000 years ago as a small port on the Euphrates River, the city's ruins are located in present day Iraq. Babylon became one of the most powerful cities of the ancient world under the rule of Hammurabi. (Highest God "Marduk") Science Technology Innovation Healthcare Education -Advanced -Invented -Developed -Herbal -Continued astronomy water Hammurabi’s medicine and Sumerian developed a clocks and Coda, one of some surgical Scribal detailed calendar early the first legal techniques. traditions. cundiate system. -Emphasis on -Specialized in healing gods mathematics and magic. and estromony education Egytptian Civilization Ancient Egypt was the preeminent civilization in the Mediterranean world for almost 30 Centuries-from its unification around 3100 B.C. to its conquest by Alexander the great pyramids of the Old Kingdom through the military conquests of the New Kingdom. Egypt's majesty has long entranced archaeologist and historians and created vibrant field of study all its own: Egyptology. Science Technology Innovation Healthcare Education -Developed -Built the -Innovations in -Advanced -Education for goomstry and pyramids architecture knowledge scribes of estronomy for using and hydrautle anatomy, focused on calendar advanced engineering surgery. writing creation. engineering. (Irrigation (mummification) mathematics, system) and religious -Mummification -Mastery of -Use of herbal text. influenced stone cutting -Papyrus for remedies and medical anatomy and writing and magical knowledge. metalworking. communication. practices for healing Greek Civilization Governance - Democratia The term Ancient or Archaic. Greece refers to the years 700-480 B.C. The period is known for its art, architecture and philosophy. Ancient Greece saw advances in art, poetry and technology, and is known as the age in which the polis or city-state, was invented. (God of Medicine "Aesculapius") Science Technology Innovation Healthcare Education -Developed -Archimedes -Created the -Focus on -Focus on geomistry(Euctid) screw, early concept of the rational philosophy And astronomy catapulls. scientific medicine mathematics, (Ptotemy). method. (Hippocrates) rhetoric and -Watermills and surgical natural -Contributions in and -Hippecratic techniques. sciences in philosophy : mechanical Oath in acedemies. Aristotle, Plato. device for medicine. -Knowledge of various uses. herbal and -Institutions -Innovations in dietary like Plato’s architecture treatments. Academy and (colunms, Lyceum. templates).  Governance: Senatus Populusque Romanus (The Senate and the People of Rome) Vox Populi Vox Dei (The voice of the People is the voice of God) Vox Populi Vox Dei (The voice of the people is the voice of God) Roman Civilization Beginning in the eigth century B.C. Ancient Rome grew from a small town on central Italy's Tiber River into an empire that at its peak encompassed most continental Europe, Britain much of western Asia, northern Africa and the Medirerranean Islands. Science Technology Innovation Healthcare Education -Contributions -Build -Developed -Advanced -Educatio for to engineering sophisticated public health surgical etiles in aqueducts and read networks,system (baths, instrument. rhetoric law, urban concrete and sanitaion). philosophy. planning. arches. -Developed -Legal military -Tutors often -Calendar -Improved innovations in hospitals and came from reform under military Roman Law. public Greek Julius Caesar. technology like healthcare. backgrounds. ballistic. Chinese Civilization The Shang Dynasty is the earliest ruling dynasty of China to be established in recorded history, through other dynasties predated it. The Shang ruled from 1600 to 1046 B.C. and heralded the Bronze for their advances in math, astronomy, artwork and military technology. Science Technology Innovation Healthcare Education -Developed -Invention of -Picneered in -Focus on -Formalized compass, paper, engineering helistics education gunpowder printing, with the Great medicine system for the and advanced compass and Wall, canals acupuncture, civil service astronomy gun powder. and bridges. herbal based on (lunar treatments. Confucianism. calendars). -Mastered silk -Solemograph production for -Treatise on -Imperial -Contributions and hydrautie Earthquakes Internal examination to engineering. Medicine system. mathematics : (Huangdi early algebra, Naijing) geometry. Medieval Civilization Juhan Gutenberg Was able to invent the first printing press which is a reliable way of printing using a cast type. He utilized wooden machine that extracted juices from fruits, attached to them a metal impression if the * and pressed hardly the cast metal into a piece of paper, which them made an exact impression on paper. The printing press was invented to address the need for publishing book and would spread information to many people of a faster rate. Zackrias Janzen Guided by the principles used for the invention of eyeglasses in earlier years, the compound micsrocope Was developed by Zacharles Janssen. The microscope was key in discovering new means in preventing and curing various illenesses. It is a device that magnify things invisible to the naked eye. Galileo Galili Improved the telescope. He used that telescope to discovered new celestial bodies such as four of the moons circling Jupiter to study Saturn the observation of the phrases of Venus and the study sunspots on the Sun and found support for a heliocentric solar system, Copernicus theory. + Heliocentrism - House Arrest Modern Times Louis Pasteur and Pasteurization A French Biologist, Microbiological and Chemist by the name of Louis Pasteur found a way to solve the problem of food deterioration for dairy products due to spoiling. These goods need to be consumed immediately after production, or they would cause illnesses like diphtheria food poisoning, and typhoid fever. The answer is pasteurization, wherein. It is a process of heating diary products to kill the harmfull bacteria that cause them to spoil faster. Alexander Graham Bell and the telephone Was the first to be awarded a patient for the electric telephone in 1876. Though several inventors did ploneering work on electronic voice transmission. The invention quickly took of and revolutionized global business and communication. Alexader Fleming and the Penicillin In 1928, the Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming notied a bacteria – filled Petri dish in his laboratory, the sample had become contaminated with mold, and everywhere the mold was the bacteria were dead. That antibiotic mod turned out to be the fungus Penicillium, and over the next two decades, chesmist purified it and developed the drug Penicillin, which fights a huge number of bacterial infections in humans themselves. Penicillin was being mass- produced and advertised in 1944. Samuel M. Kier and the Kerosene Samuel M. Kier was able to invent kerosene by refining petroleum. Illuminating oil was the other name of kerosene because it was used to provide fighting to homes and later was applied for healing purposes. Research: -Academic Journal's (Gscholars) -Latest technology advancements -2019-2024