Static Electricity Test Review PDF

Static Electricity Test Review : What is static electricity? stationary , not moving. One time movement atoms gain or lose electrons become charged positively or negatively. Gain = Negative Lose = Positive When charged object has more electrons than it can hold on to the electrons...

Static Electricity Test Review : What is static electricity? stationary , not moving. One time movement atoms gain or lose electrons become charged positively or negatively. Gain = Negative Lose = Positive When charged object has more electrons than it can hold on to the electrons are released creating a spark What is a conductor? Allow electrons to move through them easily do not hold static charge (metals) What is an Insulator? Do not allow electrons to move through them; the charge stays the same. LAW OF ELECTRIC CHARGE Opposites charges ATTRACT Same charges REPEL Charged objects ATTRACT neutral objects Charging by Friction : 1. 2 neutral objects rubbed together 2. Electrons are transferred 3. Transfer creates charged surfaces (1 positive 1 negative) Electrostatic Series - Tells us which object will be positive and what will be negative (lose is positive, gain is negative) Higher on the series is positive lower is negative Charging by Conduction (contact) : 1. One neutral object one charged object (either + or -) 2. Charged objects touches neutral object 3. Now both objects have the same charge (based on the charge of the object we started with) Charging by Induction : 1. An object is brought near a neutral object but NOT TOUCHING IT! 2. Neutral object rearranges the position of the electrons PROTONS DON’T MOVE! 3. Induced charge separation is happening positive and negative charges move away from each other Touching: The charge from the charged object moves to the neutral object, making both objects charged. Conduction Near: The neutral object has its charges rearranged (but doesn't become charged unless they touch). Induction WHAT IS ELECTRIC DISCHARGE- rapid transfer of charge of electrons from one object to another. We can see discharge as sparks. What is Grounding? Grounding is the process of connecting an object to the Earth, allowing excess electrons to flow away and neutralizing the object. Electrons find the fastest and easiest route Lightning; Small ice crystals within storm clouds smash (rub) into each other. The ice crystals are charged by friction. Negatively charged particles sink = bottom of the cloud Positively charged particles rise = top of the cloud Negative charges in cloud are attracted to the new positive ground and begin leaking out of he cloud