SSC Kiran Reasoning PDF

 r a n’s Ki (General Intelligence) SSC Graduate Level Exams— Combined Graduate Level Pre. Exams, CPO Sub-Inspector, Section Officer (Audit), Tax Assiatant (Income Tax & Central Excise), Section Officer (Commercial Audit), Statistical Investigators, Combined Graduate Level...

 r a n’s Ki (General Intelligence) SSC Graduate Level Exams— Combined Graduate Level Pre. Exams, CPO Sub-Inspector, Section Officer (Audit), Tax Assiatant (Income Tax & Central Excise), Section Officer (Commercial Audit), Statistical Investigators, Combined Graduate Level Tier-I, SAS, CISF ASI, CPO ASI & Intelligence Officer, FCI, Delhi Police SI Exams etc. SSC 10+2 Level Exams— Data Entry Operator & LDC, DEO & PA/SA, Stenographer Grade ‘C’ and ‘D’ etc. Exams SSC Combined Matric Level Exams — Combined Matric Level Pre-Exam, Multitasking (Non-Technical) Staff, CISF Constable (GD), Constable (GD) & Riflemen (GD) and Other Competitive Exams. FOR FRANCHISEE CONTACT : RU-67, PITAMPURA, DELHI-110034, Ph : 27345258, 27342249, Fax : 27345258 SRE–3 NEW EDITION The copyright of this book is entirely with the Kiran Institute of Career Excellence Pvt. Ltd. The reproduction of this book or a part of this will be punishable under the Copyright Act. All disputes subject to Delhi jurisdiction. Every possible effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this book is accurate at the time of going to press, and the publishers and authors cannot accept responsibility for any errors or omissions, however caused. No responsibility for loss or damage occasioned to any person acting, or refraining from action, as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by the editor, the publisher or any of the authors. © KIRAN INSTITUTE OF CAREER EXCELLENCE PVT. LTD. (KICX) Compiled by : Think Tank of KICX, PRATIYOGITA KIRAN & KIRAN PRAKASHAN Assistance : l Rakesh Kumar l Ratnesh Kumar Singh l Sanket Sah l Achal Gupta Design & Layout by : KICX COMPUTER SECTION, New Delhi. Delhi : RU-67, Opposite Power House, Pitampura, Delhi-110034, Ph. : 011-27342249, 47521267, Fax : 011-27345258 www.kiranprakashan.com USEFUL FOR ALL COMPETITIVE EXAMS SRE–4 About the Book......- The significance of past never diminishes, either in effect or substance. To forget this moot point becomes suicidal sometimes. A minute observation of the past and accumulated experiences help us in shaping our present. The positive and compendious conclusions drawn from the past become our pioneer in charting new ways and teach us to rectify our remedies. Our present is, thus, beautified. Where there is beauty, attraction cannot be negated. It is in this way that the foundation of a concrete future is further solidified. Aspirations turn into realities. This is a realistic reflection. If the past is forgotten by marginalizing this realism, the truth of past surfaces as a path strewn with pebbles. If we preserve and cherish these pebbles of the past and make correct use of them, they become the linchpin of an edifice called success. Thus, the intricacies of our path become effortless and our destination gets more and more intelligible. Kiran Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., which has been at your service for decades and helping you with the multitude of relevant offerings, has made a meaningful effort to put together these invaluable and very useful pebbles in the form of a book, titled Kiran’s SSC REASONING Chapterwise &Typewise Solved Papers. (Latest Revised & Enlarged Edition) It is an undeniable truth that the continuous motion of the past gives birth to change. Change gets inevitability. These changes bring coherence to the changed circumstances and fulfil the exact needs of the present. We reach our destinations only by striking coordination with these changes, lest we should find ourselves at the last row in this age of competition. The destination will be left as something impertinent. Our esteemed readers must be well aware of the changes introduced by the Staff Selection Commission (SSC) in the selection process for different posts. Kiran Prakashan has been keeping you updated with all the relevant information related to these very changes. According to students, teachers and coaching directors demand this book is changed and arranged by Topicwise/Typewise. Kiran’s SSC REASONING Chapterwise & Typewise Solved Papers is another example of the commitment we feel towards our readers, imparting completeness in their search for a better and secure future. The book before you, Kiran’s SSC REASONING Chapterwise Solved Papers, has been based on the questions of Reasoning (General Intelligence) that have been asked in the various competitive examinations at the Combined Graduate, 10+2 and Matriculation levels. This book has been conceived as a holistic treatment and single solution to all the difficulties that a candidate encounters while appearing at the CGL (Tier-I), 10+2 level, FCI, CPO, Delhi Police, Matric Level and other competitive examinations. The Think-Tank of Kiran Prakashan has taken into account the needs and difficulties of candidates and made an attempt to simplify the subject matter by de-constructing every thread and each pattern. Not only have the questions asked in the different examinations conducted by the SSC (year 2017) have been compiled at one place, but also they have been compartmentalized topicwise/typewise and made easy to grasp and digest with the help of comprehensive explanations. This is a rare collection of more than 8700 questions with their explanations. It wouldn’t be bragging if we say, do master these questions and their explanations, you will find automatically find yourself at ease with most of what surfaces in form of examination questions. In other words, master this book sincerely; success will itself become the mistress. This edition Kiran’s SSC REASONING Chapterwise &Typewise Solved Papers has been parceled out into 25 Chapters, each dealing with Topicwise/Typewise and comprising bulk of questions and explanations. SRE–5  An attempt has been made to impart completeness to this work which you will find more and more indispensable, the more you get acquainted with it. Explanations to the questions serve in some way as highly directed study material. We have ensured not to bombard you with bulky study materials which sometimes prove futile if a candidate is facing severe crunch of time. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, considered the supreme genius of modern German literature, said once: “What is not started today is never finished tomorrow.” Relating to what Goethe had to say, we are proud to have made the beginning of a start. And, that start is Kiran’s SSC REASONING Chapterwise &Typewise Solved Papers, where facts have been consolidated and refined and presented in the easy-to-digest objective question format which have actually been already asked in the different levels and formats of competitive examinations. Scientifically it has been proved that you tend to remember anything for long if that has been asked from you and you found yourself in a testing situation. So, this book has been scientifically weaved on the principle of ‘test to prepare.’ As we have inferred that SSC to a great extent follows the pattern of questions asked in Graduate Level now and then. The (FCI, CPO, Delhi Police), Matric Level and other competitive examinations held earlier. In short, this unique compilation of more than 8700 questions will serve you in more than one way. One distinctive trend in the SSC Questions of recent years has been giving weighted stress on such areas Analogy or Similarlity, Symbols and Notations, Classification, Distance and Direction, Series, Coding - Decoding, Word Formation, Syllogism, Statement and Conclusions, Ranking/Arrangement, Finding the Missing Number, Mirror & Water Images, Paper Cutting & Folding, Embedded Figure and Deviation of Figure etc.. You will find more than sufficient questions and their explanations on these sections. Last, but not the least, there is no shortcut to success. Only hard work and perseverance pays rich dividends in the long term. So it is desirable on your part to make the best out of this unique offering before you. Let us remind you that the questions you find in this Topicwise/Typewise book will not only help you prepare for the SSC examinations, they will equip you with the much required knowledge and insight in ‘cracking’ other examinations as well. Hugh Nibley, the famous American author and Mormon apologist said: “Only if you reach the boundary will the boundary recede before you. And if you don’t, if you confine your efforts, the boundary will shrink to accommodate itself to your efforts. And you can only expand your capacities by working to the very limit.” Our researchers have taken painstaking efforts in the direction of accommodating and expanding to the limit. The guiding principle has been to have an eye on whatever is significant, and when you do have such a microscopic eye, there is little that can be expected to have been ignored. So, here is our new, novel and unique offering to you, Kiran’s SSC REASONING Chapterwise & Typewise Solved Papers (Latest Revised & Enlarged Editions). You will find a CD and scratch card for online test. This will help you prepare for the SSC online exam pattern. Read This book, incorporate and digest it to reach the limits of life. See to know what it is all about. With the Best Wishes (Publisher) Satyanarayan Prasad Email : [email protected] SRE–6  SOME NOTABLE FACTS SSC (Staff Selection Commission) Combined Graduate Combined Higher Matric Level Level(CGL) Secondary Level (CHSL) CGL Tier I & Tier II LDC & DEO Multi Tasking Staff CAPFs SI & Delhi Police and and Constable (GD) SI etc. Stenographer 'C' & 'D' å Staff Selection Commission Conducts examinatiion for Graduate Level, Higher Secondary Level and Matric Level on all India basis. å In Combined Graduate Level, exam is conducted in two stages Tier I & II. But from now onwards this examination will be held in four parts i.e. Tier-I, Tier-II, Tier-III and Tier-IV. å Earlier in SSC conducted CGL Tier-I out of 200, 50 questions are asked from General Intelligence (Reasoning). Whereas in Tier -II Exam out of 200, there are a separate paper of Quantitative Ability of 100 questions & English comprehension of 100 questions. But from 2016 onwards in Tier-I out of 100 questions, 25 questions will be on Reasoning. å SSC Conducts single stage examination for CHSL (10+2) of 100 questions out of which General Intelligence (Reasoning) carries a weightage of 25 questions. å Matric Level exams are conducted for Multi Tasking Staff in which out of 150, 25 questions are from General Intelligence (Reasoning) and in Constable (GD) exam weightage of General Intelli- gence (Reasoning) is 25 questions out of 100. å The Changing nature of General Intelligence (Reasoning) questions in recent exams conducted by SSC make this subject very important and deciding factor in success or failure. TOP 5 IMPORTANT CHAPTERS 10 9 8 No. of Questions CHSL & Matric Level CHSL & Matric Level 7 CHSL & Matric Level 6 CHSL & Matric Level CHSL & Matric Level 5 4 3 CGL CGL CGL 2 CGL CGL 1 0 Analogy Classification Series Coding-Decoding Word Formation Name of Chapters å In the following Pie Chart shows the combination of Analogy, Classification, Series, Coding- decoding and Word Formation in recent Exams (2011-2017) Cla 14% s sif i 1 2 ies % r catio Se g Analogy din eco 5% -D n 15% in g C od Others SRE–7  & The Difference Between ORDINARY EXTRAORDINARY is Practice R egular practice can make you surmountable. Regular and extensive practice can make you infallible. Regular and extensive practice with right book can make you invincible. In the objective type competitive examinations, you are required to solve maximum number of questions in a short Code 1644 Rs. 325/- span. Besides this, “accuracy” decides the score. The needful accuracy can be More Than 4000 Questions attained only through calculated and consistent efforts. Moreover, regular practice and memorisation of facts are the tools which lead you to success. Speed is consequent to practice. for Practice Therefore, we have introduced a new Book "Kiran's Quickest Mathematics Prac tice Work Book". This book comes with separate "Solution Book" to assess your preparation. We have included a number of graded questions in each chapter solely for the practice. These questions bear the real stratagem of the actual exam. Hence, you can enhance your performance to a greater extent through these questions. Really, this part serve the noble objective of providing ample practicing opportunity. This Book incorporates numerous graded questions for Bank PO, Bank Clerk, Bank Specialist Officer, SBI PO and Assistant, RBI Officer Grade 'B' and Assistant, NABARD Officer Grade, Insurance Sector AAO, AO, ADO and Assistant, SSC CGL Tier-I and Tier II, SSC CHSL, Railway (Non-Technical and Technical), etc. exams. It is observed generally that aspirants of SSC exams tend to avoid questions asked in Banking or other competitive exams. The same is true for the aspirants of banking exams. In doing so, they miss to encounter some specific questions which involve many striking features of the chapter concerned. In order to acquaint you with maximum possible types of questions, we have incorporated the “Questions for Practice” without specifying them examwise. This will certainly enhance your comprehension and understanding of the chapters. Preparation of Mathematics is a gradual process. Learn the fundamentals, try to solve the questions using fundamentals. Initially you may adopt longer/detailed method to solve the questions. Next, try to answer the questions using minimum steps to save time. In the process, you may devise some convenient TRICKS and SHORT-CUT METHODS yourself. Indeed, Tricks emanate from the concepts of fundamentals and sincere efforts. Thus, it can be said that practice is very important. Practice makes you confident. Practice makes a man perfect. Practice is key to the success. Considering the importance of practice, we dedicate this book "Kiran's Quickest Mathematics Practice Work Book" to serve the twin objectives—attaining knowledge and using the acquired knowledge to crack the exam successfully. PROCEED CAUTIOUSLY AND BE CONFIDENT ENOUGH TO HIT THE BULL's EYE  TOPICWISE DISTRIBUTION OF QUESTIONS OF SSC GRADUATE LEVEL (TIER-I, CPO, DPSI) EXAMS ON DURING 2010–2017 GENERAL INTELLIGENCE & REASONING EXAMINATIONS SSC CPO SI & ASI 28.08.2011 SSC (South Zone) Investigator SSC (CGL) TIER-I 16.08.2015 SSC (CGL) TIER-I 27.10.2016 DPSI 21.06.2015 (Ist Sitting SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI & SSC CAPF SI & CISF ASI 21.04.2013 (Ist Sitting) 26.06.2011 (Ist Sitting) SSC CPO SI 12.12.2010 16.05.2010 (Ist Sitting) SSC Tier-I, 19.10.2014 * Average number SSC CISF 29.08.2010 SSC SAS 26.06.2010 of Questions (IInd Sitting) 23.06.2013 12.09.2010 (Ist Sitting) SSC Tier-I SSC Tier-I SSC Tier-I Section S. No. TOPICS 1. Analogy or Similarity 7 8 9 8 9 8 9 4 6 6 6 6 7 3 2. Blood Relationship 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 — — 1 1 3. Symbols & Notations 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 4 1 2 2 4. Classification 7 6 8 7 10 6 6 7 8 6 8 6 6 3 5. Direction & Distance Test 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 GENERAL INTELLIGENCE 6. Scheduled Day/Date/Time — 1 — — 1 — 1 1 1 — — — — — A. VERBAL TEST OF 7. Series 6 8 7 6 6 7 5 9 5 4 2 4 4 2 8. Coding-Decoding 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 4 7 2 3 2 4 1 9. Word Formation 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 3 1 10. Syllogism, Statement & Conclusions 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 11. Ranking/Arrangement 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 — — — 1 12. Finding the Missing Number 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 — 3 4 3 3 5 1 13. Arithmetical Problems 2 1 1 1 2 1 5 4 1 1 3 5 — — 14. Arrangement of Words in a Logical 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 Order (Alphabetical Order) 15. Cubes and Dices 1 1 — 2 — 2 — — 3 1 — — 1 — 16. Logical Venn-Diagram 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 17. Miscellaneous 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 — 2 2 1 4 2 2 18. Series 1 — 1 2 — 2 — 1 — — — — 1 — 19. Analogy 1 — 1 2 — 2 — 2 — — — — — — TEST OF GENERAL 20. Classification — — 1 2 — 2 — 1 — — — — — — B. NON-VERBAL INTELLIGENCE 21. Mirror Image and Water Image 1 1 1 — 1 — 1 — 1 2 1 2 1 1 22. Paper Cutting, Folding & Punching 1 1 1 — 1 — 1 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 23. Completion of Figural Pattern 1 — 1 1 — 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 24. Embedded Figure 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 25. Deviation of Figure — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Total Number of Questions 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 25 * Average number of questions is based on the data available in the chart mentioned above (Considering 50 questions set) SRE–9  WE DO WORRY ABOUT YOUR CAREER That is why TO INCULCATE CONFIDENCE IN YOU We do publish almost all competitive books and monthly magazines Pages – 1016 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE BOOK HISTORY OF INDIA Indian History : At a Glance Important Dynasties, Founder and Capital Important Battles of Indian History Important Indian Ruler, Dynasty and Titles ANCIENT INDIA RISE OF MAGADHA REVISED AND MEDIEVAL INDIA Delhi Sultanate ENLARGED EDITION ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MUGHAL RULE MODERN INDIA WORLD HISTORY INDIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM AND CONSTITUTION 239 GEOGRAPHY Miscellaneous Information Regional Geography Miscellaneous Information (World Geography) Price : Geography (India) Agriculture in India States of India Some Indian States INDIAN ECONOMY : Transport and communication GENERAL SCIENCE Physics Mechanics Magnetism Basic Electronics Electricity Optics Indispensible for all examinees of SSC, Accoustics Chemistry Biology Cytology Railways, Air Force, Navy, CRPF, Delhi Botany Plants Structure and Functions Police, UP Police, MP Police, Rajasthan Zoology Elementary Physiology and Hygiene Police, Bihar Police, Jharkhand Police, Pri- AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY mary and Middle Schools Teachers in SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Space Science in India Defence Antarctica ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT Bengal and others. Ecology Biodiversity Pollution Precise and compact collection of facts COMPUTER related to Indian History, World History, ART & CULTURE : INDIA Geography, Indian Constitution and Pol- Dance Drama ity, General Science and Computer, Infor- Music Art, Architecture and Sculpture mation Technology, Environment, Agricul- INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS ture and Animal Husbandary and above United Nations Specialised Agencies of the UN all Traditional General Knowledge with one Major International Organisation Liner approach. International Years of the UN UPDATED TRADITIONAL GENERAL KNOWLEDGE Each and every line of the book is pact SPORTS with important information. You can also order the book by sending demand draft (D.D.) (Printed price of the book) + Rs. 25 in favour of Kiran Prakashan, payable at Delhi. Shop online at www.kiranprakashan.com  TOPICWISE DISTRIBUTION OF QUESTIONS SSC (10+2 DEO, LDC & PA/SA AND MATRIC LEVEL EXAMS HELD ON DURING 2010–2017 GENERAL INTELLIGENCE & REASONING EXAMINATIONS SSC Stenographer Gr. ‘C’ & D 26.09.2010 SSC (10+2) DEO & LDC 04.11.2012 (IInd SSC Stenographer Gr. ‘C’ & D 16.10.2011 SSC Constable (GD) & Riflemen (GD) SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO & PA/SA * Average number SSC (10+2) Stenographer Grade SSC (10+2) DEO & LDC 11.12.2011 SSC CHSL (10+2) Tier-I (CBE) SSC CHSL (10+2) Tier-I (CBE) SSC DEO & LDC 28.11.2010 SSC Multitasking Staff Exam SSC (10+2) Level DEO & LDC SSC Multitasking Staff Exam of Questions 22.04.2012 (Ist Sitting) 16.01.2017 (IInd Sitting) 23.02.2014 (2nd Sitting) 16.11.2014 (IInd Sitting) 24.03.2013 (Ist Sitting) 12.05.2013 (Ist Sitting) 08.09.2016 (Ist Sitting) SSC Constable (GD) Section ‘C’ & ‘D’ 31.01.2016 TOPICS S. No. 20.12.2015 Sitting) 1. Analogy or Similarity 8 8 10 8 8 3 6 4 5 4 9 9 9 3 4 2. Blood Relationship 1 1 1 1 1 1 — — — 1 — — 1 1 1 3. Symbols & Notations 2 1 3 1 1 2 1 — — 2 2 2 2 2 1 4. Classification 7 8 9 8 8 3 6 1 2 3 9 9 8 3 4 5. Direction & Distance Test 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 — 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 GENERAL INTELLIGENCE 6. Scheduled Day/Date/Time — — 2 — — — — 1 — — — — — — — A. VERBAL TEST OF 7. Series 6 6 5 6 6 2 7 3 1 2 7 6 7 2 5 8. Coding-Decoding 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 9. Word Formation 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 — 10. Syllogism, Statement & Conclusions 2 2 2 2 2 — 3 — 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 11. Ranking/Arrangement 1 2 2 2 2 — 2 — 1 1 — — 2 1 1 12. Finding the Missing Number 2 — 2 — — 1 1 3 3 1 3 4 4 1 1 13. Arithmetical Problems 1 — 1 — — 1 1 2 1 — 2 2 — — — 14. Arrangement of Words in a Logical Order (Alphabetical Order) 2 2 — 2 2 2 2 — 1 1 2 3 3 1 1 15. Cubes and Dices 1 1 2 1 1 — 2 — — — — — 1 — — 16. Logical Venn-Diagram 2 2 1 2 2 — 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 17. Miscellaneous 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 — 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 18. Series 1 2 — 2 2 1 1 2 — — — — 1 — — 19. Analogy 1 2 — 2 2 1 — — — — — — — — — TEST OF GENERAL 20. Classification 1 3 — 3 3 1 — — — — — — — — — B. NON-VERBAL INTELLIGENCE 21. Mirror Image and Water Image 1 — 1 — — — 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 22. Paper Cutting, Folding & Punching 1 1 1 1 1 — 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 23. Completion of Figural Pattern 1 1 1 1 1 — 2 — 1 1 1 1 — 1 — 24. Embedded Figure 1 1 — 1 1 — 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 — 25. Deviation of Figure — — — — — — — 1 — — — — — — — Total Number of Questions 50 50 50 50 50 25 50 25 25 25 50 50 50 25 25 * Average number of questions is based on the data available in the chart mentioned above (Considering 50 questions set) SRE–11  ARE YOU FOR THEAN AVAILABILITY ASPIRANT OF SSC TIER-I, OF THETIER-II, FOLLOWING FCI, 10+2 LDC & DATA ENTRY OPERATOR AND MATRIC LEVEL EXAMS ? You do well know that in the recent exams conducted by SSC,20–30 questions (out of 50) were asked from 1.ALGEBRA 2.TRIGONOMETRY 3. GEOMETRY 4.MENSURATION topics. The chart given below proves the importance of these topics. ALGEBRA TRIGONOMETRY GEOMETRY MENSURATION SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO & PA/SA Exam, 15.11.2015 (1st Sitting) 10 5 4 6 SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO & PA/SA Exam, 15.11.2015 (2nd Sitting) 6 6 5 4 SSC CGL Tier-II Exam, 25.10.2015 22 9 11 12 SSC CGL Tier-I Exam, 30.08.2015 11 7 8 3 SSC CGL Tier-I Exam, 19.08.2015 (2nd Sitting) 10 7 9 2 SSC Combined Graduate Level (CGL) Tier-I Exam, 21.04.2013 7 5 8 5 SSC FCI Assistant Grade-III Exam, 07.04.2013 5 5 5 6 SSC FCI Assistant Grade-III Exam, 11.11.2012 6 5 6 5 SSC 10+2 Higher Secondary Level Data Entry Operator & LDC Exam, 04.11.2012 4 6 4 4 CONTENTS MENSURATION ➽ Chapter-18 : Area ALGEBRA and Perimeter ( Tri- ➽ Chapter-01 : Indices and Surds angles, Rectangles, ➽ Chapter-02 : Polynomials Squares, Quadrilaterals, ➽ Chapter-03 : Factorisation ofQuadratic Polynomials Rhombus, Circles) ➽ Chapter-04 : Simplification of Fractions ➽ Chapter-19 : Vo l - ume (Cubes, Spheres, Price : ➽ Chapter-05 : Algebraic Identities Hemispheres, Cylinders, 295 ➽ Chapter-06 : Solutions of Linear Equations Cones, Frustums, Prism, ➽ Chapter-07 : Graphic Representation of Straight Pyramids) Pages: Lines ➽ IMPORTANT POINTS 712 ➽ Chapter-08 : Co-ordinate Geometry AT A GLANCE ➽ Chapter-09 : Sequence and Series ➽ IMPORTANT POINTS AT A GLANCE Indispensable Book for the Preparation of TRIGONOMETRY ➽ Chapter-10 : Circular Measure of Angles  ALGEBRA ➽ Chapter-11 : Trigonometric Ratios  TRIGONOMETRY ➽ Chapter-12 : Trigonometric Identities  GEOMETRY ➽ Chapter-13 : Heights and Distances  MENSURATION ➽ IMPORTANT POINTS AT A GLANCE Useful for : SSC CGL GEOMETRY Tier-I Exam, SSC CGL ➽ Chapter-14 : Lines and Angles Price : Tier-II Exam, SSC ➽ Chapter-15 : Triangles : Similarity and Congru- 99 ence CAPFs Exam, SSC ➽ Chapter-16 : Quadrilaterals 10+2 DEO/LDC/PA/SA ➽ Chapter-17 : Circles :Chords and Tangents Exam and other SSC ➽ IMPORTANT POINTS AT A GLANCE and Competitive Exams You can also order the book by sending demand draft (D.D.) (Printed price of the book) + Rs. 25 in favour of Kiran Prakashan, payable at Delhi. Shop online at www.kiranprakashan.com Created with Print2PDF. To remove this line, buy a license at: http://www.software602.com/  CONTENTS n An Introduction to Reasoning (General Intelligence) 2 Verbal Test of Intelligence............................................................. SRE-15 2 Non-Verbal Test of Intelligence..................................................... SRE-37 2 Clerical Aptitude.......................................................................... SRE-41 CHAPTERS........................................ PAGES CHAPTERS........................................ PAGES 1. ANALOGY OR SIMILARITY TYPE-IV : Questions based on Wrong Number (No. of Questions 1171)............ SRE–43-134 in the given sequence of numbers.............. SRE–222 5. DIRECTION & DISTANCE TEST TYPE–I : Questions based on related words (No. of Questions 316)............ SRE–259-306....................................................................... SRE–43 TYPE–I : Questions based on determining TYPE–II : Questions based on related set of directions..................................................... SRE–259 numbers........................................................ SRE–58 TYPE–II : Questions based on determining TYPE–III : questions Based on related distances...................................................... SRE–268 Numbers........................................................ SRE–59 TYPE–III : Questions based on any man turns TYPE–IV : Questions based on related clockwise/anticlockwise by x°/ Questions based English Alphabet........................................... SRE–70 on clock........................................................ SRE–278 TYPE-V : Miscellaneous Questions.............. SRE–82 TYPE–IV : Puzzled type questions.......... SRE–279 2. BLOOD RELATIONSHIP TYPE–V : Qestions based on graph........... SRE–279 (No. of Questions 150)............ SRE–135-148 TYPE–VI : Qestions based on sitting TYPE–I : Questions based on English arrangement................................................ SRE–279 Alphabet problem........................................ SRE–135 6. SCHEDULED DAY/DATE/TIME TYPE–II : Questions based on word (No. of Questions 71).............. SRE–307-313 Problem....................................................... SRE–138 TYPE–I : Questions based on finding day.... SRE–307 3. SYMBOLS & NOTATIONS TYPE–II : Questions based on finding day (No. of Questions 345)............ SRE–149-192 with date..................................................... SRE–308 TYPE–I :.......................... Questions based on an TYPE–III : Questions based on finding scheduled time accordingly the hands of clock............ SRE–309 imaginary mathematical operations............ SRE–149 TYPE–IV : Questions based on year......... SRE–310 (i) Questions based on “+, -, ×, ÷” figures 7. SERIES (ii) Questions based on “ ” (No. of Questions 943)............ SRE–314-385 figures TYPE–I : Questions based on missing number (iii) Questions based on “A, B, C, D -------Z ” figures..................................................................... SRE–314 (iv) Questions based on d, l, g, h, w, b, a etc” figures TYPE–II : Questions based on English Alphabet (v) Questions based on “ , , , , etc.”..................................................................... SRE–328 figures TYPE–III : Questions based on one set of letters when (vi) Questions based on “> , E...(i) B > D....(ii) intrinsically. Consider the following illustration : F > C...(iii) D > A....(iv) Ex. Statement : Robert is a good player of Indian E > F....(v) hockey team. So, India should win the match. From (i) and (v) When we analyse these statements, we can express A > E > F....(vi) the same idea more elaborately as : From (iii) and (vi) (i) Robert is a good player of Indian hockey team A > E > F > C....(vii) (ii) A good player is likely to help his team win the match. From (iv) and (vii) (iii) So, India may win the match. D > A > E > F > C...(viii) The statement (ii) is left unsaid deliberately while arguing From (ii) and (viii) because it is taken for granted. Hence, it is assumption. B>D>A>E>F>C Thus, an assumption is the hidden part of an argument. Clearly, B is the tallest among them. In short, we can say that an assumption is something which is assumed, supposed or taken for granted. 1. A, P, R, X, S and Z are sitting in a row. S and Z are in the centre, and A and P are at the ends. R is Assumption is one type of implication. If we ask a sitting on the left of A. Then who is on the right of person, “Did you go from Delhi to Patna by air”?, we assume P? that Delhi and Patna are connected by air (route) — it is the implied meaning of the statement. Therefore, an implication (1) A (2) X may be an assumption, i.e., on the basis of which we say (3) S (4) Z something. Consider another example : 2. A is older than B but younger than C. D is younger Ex. Statement : Our country has stood like a solid than E but older than A. If C is younger than D, rock in the face of common danger. who is the oldest of all? From the statement it is implied that there have been (1) A (2) C dangers to our country— this is also an assumption. (3) D (4) E Here it should be noted that implications can also be long drawn conclusions and such conclusions are not valid ANSWERS assumptions. Note that there is basic difference between the assumption and implication. An assumption is something on which the statement is based. On the other hand, an implication is something which is derived from and, therefore, based upon the statement. 1.(2) EXAMPLES Ex.1. Statement : Mankind can get freedom only through revolutions. 2.(4) C > A > B.....(i) Assumptions : E > D > A....(ii) I. Revolutions can bring freedom. D > C..... (iii) II. Except revolution there is no other method of From all the three statements getting freedom. E>D>C>A>B Explanation : It is clearly mentioned in the statement that there is only means to get freedom, i.e., revolution. Therefore, E is the oldest among them. SRE–31  |An Introduction to Reasoning (General Intelligence| Thus, the statement is based on the fact that revolution A conclusion will follow, if can bring freedom. Hence, assumption I is valid. Assumption (i) it is implied in one or all of the pieces of information. II is only the meaning of the sentence and hence it is not (ii) it is a generalisation of the ideas given in the valid. statement. Ex.2. Statement : People behave differently in the (iii) no material fallacy is committed, viz., (a) fallacy of presence of Boss. composition, (b) fallacy of division, (c) fallacy of uncritical Assumptions : analogy, (d) fallacy of accident and (e) fallacy of insufficient I. Behaviour can be observed. data. II. Behaviour cannot be observed. How to attempt such type of questions ? Explanation : Only assumption I is valid. If behaviour If more than one statement are given, the information cannot be observed how one can say that people behave given in different statements should be co-related to arrive differently in the presence of Boss. For similar reason, the at a conclusion. assumption II is not valid. Ex.3. Statement : Unless country ‘X’ achieves total Ex.1. Statements : Most people are good at heart and literacy it cannot achieve its mission of development. non-manipulative. A few who become manipulative have been found to be lacking in keeping strong family Assumptions : ties. I. It is possible to achieve total literacy in country ‘X’. II. No development is possible without a proper Which of the following can be concluded from the above mission. statements ? Explanation : Assumption I is implicit in the statement. (1) People from different socio- economic background If it were not possible to achieve the total literacy, the behave differently. statement would not have been made. The speaker assumes (2) Being manipulative is not considered as a virtue. that it is possible to achieve total literacy in country ‘X’. (3) Family plays the most important role in one’s Assumption II gives the notion that for development a upbringing. proper mission is a requisite. Hence, it is invalid. (4) Non-manipulative persons are not hi ghly Ex. In this question a Statement is given followed by successful. two Assumptions, I and II. You have to consider the (5) People like to be manipulative. statement to be true, even if it seems to be at vari- Explanation : If we co-relate the given information we ance from commonly known facts. You are to de- will get : cide which of the given assumptions can definitely Most poeple are good + some manipulative. be drawn from the given statement(s). Indicate your Again, manipulative persons cannot maintain strong answer from (1), (2), (3) or (4). family ties and hence such persons are not successful. Statement : Population is the greatest pollutant. Therefore, our required answer would be option (4). Assumptions : Ex.2. Statements : The books of Kiran Prakashan are I. Increased population is the greatest resource. well written. These books are useful for one day II. Illiterate mass leads to dirt and degradation. competitive examinations. (1) Only I is implicit (2) Only II is implicit Explanation : If the two pieces of information are co- (3) Both I and II are implicit related, we will get : (4) Neither I nor II is implicit Well written books + useful for examination (SSC Graduate Level Prelim Exam, 2007) Valid Conclusions : ANSWERS I. The books of Kiran Prakashan are useful for (4) Neither I nor II is implicit objective type examinations II. Well written books are useful. STATEMENT & CONCLUSIONS EXAMPLES 1. A statement is given followed by two conclusions, I In this type of questions, some statements are given and II. You have to consider the statement to be followed by some inferential conclusions which can be true, even if it seems to be at variance from com- derived from the given statements. You are required to monly known facts. You are to decide which of the consider the conclusions and then decide which of them given conclusions can definitely be drawn from the logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the given statement. Indicate your answer. information given in the statement. Such questions are Statement : asked to test your ability to derive correct inferences from Use of cosmetics is hazardous. the given pieces of information. The most important aspect Conclusions : of such questions is the nature of conclusion. Some of the I. Cosmetics have side effects. conclusions can be easily and quickly detected because these follow directly from the facts stated in the statement. II. Cosmetics are inexpensive. The pieces of information given in the statement clearly (1) Only I follows supports the conclusion. But sometimes conclusions may (2) Only II follows be indirect. In such cases it becomes very difficult to decide (3) Both I and II follow the validity of conclusion. (4) Neither I nor II follows SRE–32  |An Introduction to Reasoning (General Intelligence| 2. A statement is given followed by four conclusions (1), (2), (3) and (4). You have to consider the state- CUBE & DICE ment to be true, even if it seems to be at variance Cube is therre dimensional figure which can only be from commonly known facts. You are to decide which made out of squares.Square when given a height equal to of the given conclusions can definitely be drawn one of the sides becomes a cube. from the given statement. Indicate your answer. In a cube we find Fertilizer consumption in India in 1991-92 was 8.21 Þ Length = Withd = Height MT. By 1997 it was 13.75 MT and by 2007 it is expected to reach 16 MT. What is your conclusion ? ÞAltogether there are six surfaces (1) Fertilizer consumption is steady. ÞAltogether there are twelve edges (2) There is a steady decrease in fertilizer consump- ÞAltogether there are eight corners tion. TYPE I (3) Fertilizer consumption does not show any trend. In these questions one/two/three cube are provided. (4) There is a steady increase on fertilizer consump- In every cube only three surfaces are visible and on every tion. surface some alphabet/numberal/name of a colour etc. Is written and you are asked what will be there on the oppo- ANSWERS site surface so any given surface. 1.(1) Only I follows The surface of a cube has four sides-Up, Down, Left and Right. 2.(4) The given data clearly indicate that there is a steady Every surface is directly attached to the other surface. increase in fertilizer consumption. Therefore, for one surface there are four neighbouring sur- faces, and only one surface is not its neighbouring sur- SYLLOGISM face, which is opposite surface. Introduction TYPE II SYLLOGISM is a Noun which mean “a form of reason- In such question, a figures is given which can be foled ing in which a conclusion is drawn from two statement, into a cube. In the figure, altogether there are 6 cubes i.e., deductive reasoning. In more clear terms, Syllogism on which sings (numbers, letters etc). may be given. With the help of this figure, answer will have to be found out. is a medicate deductiv inference in which two propositions are given in such on order that they jointly or collectively 1 and 4 will be on the opposite surfaces. imply the third. Thus, Syllogism can be defined as “a form 2 and 5 will be on the opposite surfaces. of reasoning in which the conclusion establishes a relation 3 and 6 will be on the opposite surfaces. between two terms on the basis of both terms being re- After making a cube withe the help of the figure (by lated to the same third term as derived in the premises.” folding it) only surface will be visible out of the pair of For example, opposite surface. None of the numbers on opposite sur- 1. All human beings are mortal. faces will be visible on the neighbouring surfaces. Example : 2. The child is a human being. 3. The child is mortal. The conclusion is reached through the medium of a middle term, i.e., ‘human being’, with both Subject (child) I. and the Predicate (mortal). Therefore, in a Syllogism two premises are necessary to arrive at a conclusion. Syllogism is the concept used in logic. Questions on Syllogism consist of at least two statements followed by some conclusion. In these questions you are not expected to consider the truth or falsity of the statements. The state- ments in Syllogism may very from commonly known facts and they sometimes appear impossible. But you have to take these statements to be true and ignore the actual ‘X’, ‘X’ are opposite surfaces, therefore they will not meanings of the statements or terms used in the state- be the neighbours (4 will not be the answer). ments. The terms used in the statements symbolise or rep- ‘O’ are the opposite surfaces, therefore they will not resents certain class. Thus, the statements given may not be the neighbours (1 will not be the answer). agree with the thinking of a common man. For example, Both the blank surfaces will be opposite, therefore, they the statement may read as “All students are ships.” If we will not be the neighbours (2 will not be the answer). There- apply our commonsense we would tend to discard such fore, (3) will be the answer. statements. SRE–33  |An Introduction to Reasoning (General Intelligence| TYPE III Question Figures In this type of questions on cube, the faces of a given cube is painted, either in the same colour, or in different colours. The larger cube is then cut into smaller cubes and the cnadidate is asked to find out the number of cubes with different specification. Here, it is worth Answer Figures temembering that the number of cubes of side 1 unit that can be obtained, when a cube of side 1 unit is cut in 1 × 3 = 1 × 1 × 1. You should be able to visualise the colour on the various faces of the smaller cubes as the larger cubes is cut out. (1) (2) (3) (4) Directions (1-2) : A wooden cube has Circle (O), Cross 3. Two positions of a dice (X), Triangle (D), Square ( ) and Double lines (=) marked are shown below : on five of its faces. The bottom surface is blank. The Double Lines (=) is between the Cross (×) and the Square ( ) and the Triangle (D) is on the Square’s right. When the heart shape 1. Where is the Circle? is at the top, what will 2. Which symbol is opposite the face having Double be at the bottom ? Lines? Answer Figures ANSWERS (1-5) : 1st Arrangement Double lines left side - Triangle right side Circle on the top - Bottom blank (1) (2) (3) (4) Square front side - Cross sign back side 2nd Arrangement ANSWERS Double lines right side - Triangle left side 1.(3) When the number ‘2’ is at bottom, the number 1 Circle on the top - Bottom blank will be on the top. Cross line front side - Square back side 2.(2) Clearly, the number 5 will be at the bottom. 3rd Arrangement 3.(4) When the heart shape is at the top, the rhombus would be on the bottom. Double lines front side - Triangle back side Circle on the top - Bottom blank TRENDS & OPERATIONS Cross left side - Square right side In this type of quetions different numbers are arranged 4th Arrangement in a matrix with one term missing or numbers are arranged Double lines back side - Triangle front side in a wide range of geometrical figures. The numbers in Circle on the top - Bottom blank such arrangements follow a certain pattern and you are Square left side - Cross right side. required to identify that pattern so that you can substitute In all the four arrangements the qudstion-mark (?) with a suitable number. Now con- Double lines (=) are opposite the triangle (D) sider the following examples : In another type of question on operations some equa- Circle (O) is opposite blank space. tions are solved on the basis of certain system. One ore Square ( ) is opposite cross (×). two solved equations is/are given in the questions state- 1. Circle is on the top. ment itself followed by one unsolved equation. You are re- quired to solve that equation after recognising the rule 2. Triangle is opposite the face having double lines. employed in writing the solved equations. 1. Two positions of a dice are shown below : Now consider the following examples : 1. Directions : Some equations are solved on the basis of certain system.Find out the correct for the unsolved equation on that basis in each of the following questions : (i) 5 × 7 × 9 = 957, 4 × 8 × 6 = 648 When ‘2’ is at the bottom, what number will be at the and 3 × 7 × 5 =? top ? (ii) 9 × 6 × 8 × 7 = 7689, (1) 3 (2) 5 (3) 1 (4) 6 5 × 8 × 6 × 7 = 7865 and 2. Two positions of a dice are shown below. When num- 7 × 5 × 6 × 4 =? ber ‘one’ is on the top, what number will be at the (iii) 6 × 7 × 8 = 876, 5 × 6 × 7 = 765 bottom ? and 4 × 5 × 6 = ? SRE–34  |An Introduction to Reasoning (General Intelligence| 2.(4) 4 × 4 = 16; 16 × 4 = 64; 64 × 4 = ANSWERS 3.(1) First Column (i) Delete the signs of multiplication and then write 2 (2 + 50 + 10) or, 2 × 62 = 124 the therd digit at the place of hundred’s place, the Second Column first digit at ten’s place and the second digit at 2 (12 + 300 + 60) or, 2 × 372 = 744 unit’s place. Third Column (ii) Delete the signs of multiplication and then write 2 (? + 550 + 110) = 1364 the digits in the following order from left to right : 4th digit, 2nd digit, 3rd digit, 1st digit 1364 or, ? + 660 = or, ? = 682 – 660 = Þ 9 × 6 × 8 × 7 = 7689 2 Þ 5 × 8 × 6 × 7 = 7865 4.(1) First figure Similarly, 15 + 16 = 22 + 9 or, 31 = 31 7 × 5 × 6 × 4 = 4567 Second figure (iii) Eliminate the signs of multiplication and the write 13 + 7 = 11 + 9 or, 20 = 20 the digits in reverse order. Third figure Þ6 × 7 × 8 = 876 21 + 15 = ? + 13 or, ? = 36 – 13 = Þ5 × 6 × 7 = 765 Similarly, SOME MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS pertaining to the 4 × 5 × 6 = 654 Age, speed and distance, Average etc. are also asked Rea- Directions (1-4) : Select the missing number from the soning Ability Paper. You may find detailed discussion on given responses : such topics in the Arithmetic Work Book for SSC Com- bined Gradudate Level (Main) Exam. Never the less, we 1. 1 4 ? are citing some such examples : 4 2 5 Ex.1. A train 180 m long is running at a speed of 90 2 2 3 kmph. How long will it take to pass a railway sig- 49 64 169 nal? Answer : We know that (1) 3 (2) 6 (3) 5 (4) 4 Dis tan ce Speed = Time 2. 90 ´ 5 Here, spped = 90 km/hr = m/sec. 18 = 25m/sec. Distance = 180m 180 (1) 16 (2) 52 Time = ? \ Time = = 7.2 sec onds (3) 112 (4) 256 25 3. 2 12 ? Ex.2. The average age of A and B is 54 years, the aver- 50 300 550 age age of B and C is 55 years, the average